成都某制衣车间蒸发冷却空调系统设计与应用

针对成都市某大型制衣车间建筑特点,使用冷负荷系数法对车间冷负荷进行计算,并按照《蒸发冷却通风空调系统设计指南》相关步骤对车间空调系统进行设计。根据设计结果,选取12台30 000 m~3/h的蒸发式冷气机对车间进行降温,并结合成都地区气象参数,对蒸发式冷气机可使用小时数进行计算。得出在全年8 760个小时数中,有99.99%的小时数送风温度小于29℃;有86.53%的小时数送风温度小于23℃。对蒸发式冷气机的使用效果进行测试,最终得出结论,相比室外温度,冷气机可以使室内温度降低5.62℃;使车间内热舒适性指标PMV值降低1.41,PPD值降低33%。     

等焓加湿技术在高温低湿环境通风系统中的节能运用

本文根据蒸发式冷气机的运行机理及特点,结合对某酒楼海鲜鱼池恒温风冷冷凝机组机房通风系统的改造设计,分析了在只有显热负荷而无潜热负荷的高温低湿环境下,利用蒸发式冷气机将显热负荷转化为潜热负荷,即通过对排风状态点参数的改变实现以较小的通风量来满足室内温度环境,进而提出了采用等焓加湿技术,即蒸发冷气机(蒸发冷却空调机),在显热负荷很大而无潜热负荷或是潜热负荷很小环境下的节能通风新方式。     

《蒸发式冷气机》标准编制情况介绍

本文调查分析了蒸发式冷气机的行业发展和应用现状,简述了《蒸发式冷气机》标准立项、评审和审查的制定过程,介绍了《蒸发式冷气机》标准中普通工况和高湿工况2种名义试验工况的确定方法以及风量和出口静压的干工况测试方法的确定,分析了蒸发效率、蒸发量、能效比以及试验水质指标设置和指标要求的确定方法。     

蒸发冷却技术的应用与分析

本提出了蒸发冷却技术的应用，介绍了利用蒸发冷却技术研制而成的蒸发冷气机的原理与特点及其应用实例，并分析了节能效果。     

《商业或工业用的蒸发型冷气机》标准制定的若干问题探讨

通过对我国干燥地区、沿海高相对湿度地区代表性城市典型气象年气象数据的分析,选定蒸发型冷气机干燥地区名义工况的干湿球温度为38℃/23℃,高相对湿度地区名义工况的干湿球温度为38℃/28℃.通过分析蒸发型冷气机的供冷量,采用等效处理方法得到了供冷量的计算方法,为标准的供冷量、能效比的计算和试验方法的确定提供了参考.     

水温控制精度对蒸发式冷气机制冷量测量准确度的影响研究

水蒸发冷却制冷设备性能的好坏直接关系到可再生低品位能源"干空气"能的推广和应用,本文对《蒸发式冷气机》(送审稿)中水温控制精度范围的不合理性进行了分析,对不同喷淋水温度对蒸发冷却制冷量测量准确性的影响进行了探讨,结合实验室测试检验要求和标准中制定的满足水蒸发冷却设备制冷量合格判据的要求,给出了应达到的喷淋水温度范围。     

家用两级蒸发式冷风扇的适用性分析

根据现有家用空调中,机械制冷空调长时间开启的运行费用高,以及单级蒸发式冷风扇降温幅度有限的缺陷,笔者提出了家用两级蒸发式冷气机的概念,并根据其降温原理,分析其适用性,为农村家庭的夏季降温,提出节能经济的解决方案。     

现代工业厂房降温技术的分析

本文简要阐述了改善高温车间室内环境的重要性。针对现代工业厂房的特点及舒适性要求,对通风降温、机械制冷降温和蒸发冷却降温进行了分析。结合国家节能减排的政策,推荐采用蒸发冷却的降温方式。     

金属填料型直接蒸发冷却装置在空气处理机组中的应用研究

将金属填料型直接蒸发冷却装置作为组合式空气处理机组的一个新增功能段,可以扩大蒸发冷却的应用范围.该装置在对空气进行传热传质处理的同时,还具有过滤、消毒杀菌、改善室内空气质量的作用,另外还可用于处理化纤车间空气中的油雾污染.     

结合通风技术的暖通空调设计方案分析

文中结合实例,分析了某制罐工厂对空调通风系统提出的配置要求,介绍了暖通专业结合节能设计进行的通风空调方案选择过程,分析了蒸发式冷气机的降温过程,并对工业建筑的暖通空调设计进行了探讨。     

直接蒸发冷却空调机性能研究

分析了影响直接蒸发冷却空调机性能的因素,然后对天然植物纤维填料式直接蒸发冷却空调机性能进行了实验研究并获得了相关性能曲线。研究结果表明,直接蒸发冷却空调机在我国西北干旱和半干旱地区降温加湿效果很好,完全可以达到舒适性要求,是一种节能的绿色空调;天然植物纤维填料阻力较大,但降温加湿效果更好。     

金属填料直接蒸发式空调机性能研究

对铝箔金属填料直接蒸发冷却空调机进行了实验研究。分析了进口空气干球温度、相对湿度对空调机降温及冷却效率的影响,为直接蒸发冷却式空调机性能的提高具有一定的参考意义。     

数值模拟对直接蒸发冷却空调性能的分析

针对直接蒸发冷却空调机组,简化了物理模型并建立了控制方程和相应的边界条件。运用Ansys软件进行模拟计算后,将模拟结果与试验测试数据进行对比验证,表明了模拟的准确性。通过温度场分布图对试验测试的结果进行分析,发现被测机组填料厚度大,使机组出口空气的相对湿度过大,并且不利于节能。因此,通过数值模拟对直接蒸发冷却空调性能分析的方法是可行的。     

用人工神经网络方法预测分析直接蒸发冷却空调机的性能参数

针对填料表面不规则造成的数学模型无法求解的情况,利用人工神经网络优良的非线性映射能力和GLASdek填料直接蒸发冷却空调机实验测试数据,建立了三层前馈式神经网络来预测直接蒸发冷却空调机在不同工况下处理空气的能力,预测结果与实测结果吻合较好。     

应用于兰州的直接蒸发冷却空调性能测试分析

本文测试了兰州市内一台金属填料直接蒸发冷却器,获得了干湿球温度、相对湿度、冷却效率、阻力等技术参数。分析了进口处空气干球温度和相对湿度对蒸发冷却效率的影响,发现被测试的机组蒸发冷却效率较低,蒸发冷却段阻力较大,因此,需要改善设计。由于兰州属于干燥地区,因此通过优化设计,蒸发冷却效率有提升的空间。     

干热地区蒸发制冷空调设计

该工程为新疆某图书馆,功能复杂,夏季空调冷源采用间接蒸发冷水机组,末端采用风机盘管加新风系统,新风机组采用间接蒸发冷却器+直接蒸发冷却器型式;冬季采用低温地板辐射采暖.本文主要介绍夏季蒸发制冷空调设计.     

Flow impact of an air conditioner to portable air cleaning

In order to reduce indoor pollutant exposure, people become increasingly interested in portable air cleaning devices, which can be positioned with flexibility. Such purification devices usually discharge cleaned air with strong momentum, which can interrupt indoor airflow created by air-conditioning units. If a well-organized air circulation to a portable air cleaner is not achieved, indoor air purification cannot be fully ensured. This study has used both measurement and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling to investigate the flow interaction between an air conditioner and a portable air cleaner to purify indoor gaseous pollutants. A workshop environment conditioned by an air conditioner and cleaned by a portable air cleaner was mimicked in an environmental chamber to obtain data for validation of a CFD program. Then CFD was applied to evaluate factors that may affect air purification including: positioning of the air conditioner and air cleaner, air conditioner diffuser types, air-conditioning cooling or heating running mode, and location of pollutant sources. The study finds the simulation results are in good agreement with the corresponding experimental data. The positioning coordination of an air conditioner and an air cleaner, and selection of air conditioner diffuser types shall assure a good air circulation cycle to the air cleaner to improve air purification efficacy. In addition to the cleaner effectiveness, it is also recommended to evaluate an air cleaning device in terms of the absolute pollutant concentration, if the portable air cleaner is under the interaction of an air conditioner and the local performance data are interested.     

Differential effects of air conditioning type on residential endotoxin levels in a semi‐arid climate

Residential endotoxin exposure is associated with protective and pathogenic health outcomes. Evaporative coolers, an energy‐efficient type of air conditioner used in dry climates, are a potential source of indoor endotoxins; however, this association is largely unstudied. We collected settled dust biannually from four locations in homes with evaporative coolers (n=18) and central air conditioners (n=22) in Utah County, Utah (USA), during winter (Jan‐Apr) and summer (Aug‐Sept), 2014. Dust samples (n=281) were analyzed by the Limulus amebocyte lysate test. Housing factors were measured by survey, and indoor temperature and relative humidity measures were collected during both seasons. Endotoxin concentrations (EU/mg) were significantly higher in homes with evaporative coolers from mattress and bedroom floor samples during both seasons. Endotoxin surface loads (EU/m²) were significantly higher in homes with evaporative coolers from mattress and bedroom floor samples during both seasons and in upholstered furniture during winter. For the nine significant season‐by‐location comparisons, EU/mg and EU/m² were approximately three to six times greater in homes using evaporative coolers. A plausible explanation for these findings is that evaporative coolers serve as a reservoir and distribution system for Gram‐negative bacteria or their cell wall components in homes.     

Evaluation of environmental and physiological factors of a whole ceiling-type air conditioner using a salivary biomarker

In order to improve environmental condition such as humidity and airflow in living spaces, a whole ceiling-type air conditioner is proposed. This novel air conditioner exhaust dispersed airflow from the whole ceiling by using a 3-dimensional knit fabric. The purpose of this paper is to reveal the effects when controlling humidity and airflow using the whole ceiling-type air conditioner compared to a commercialized concentrated exhaust air conditioner (normal-type air conditioner) under the same temperature. Salivary α-amylase activity (SAA) was used as an index of sympathetic nervous activity. An acute experiment for a 15 min period was conducted using 12 healthy young female adults. No significant differences in room and skin temperatures were observed between the whole ceiling-type air conditioner and the normal-type air conditioner. The whole ceiling-type air conditioner showed 11.1% lower humidity than the normal-type air conditioner. The whole ceiling-type air conditioner showed one-thirteenth the airflow of the normal-type air conditioner. As a result, the PMV of the whole ceiling-type air conditioner was more comfortable level than the normal one. Moreover, subjective evaluation questionnaire revealed a significant difference was observed in wind perception (windy). The SAA of subjects under the whole ceiling-type air conditioner showed significantly low values compared with the normal-type air conditioner. It was found that the subject's sympathetic nervous activity has been inactivated under the conditions of the whole ceiling-type air conditioner. Thus, it was revealed that the whole ceiling-type air conditioner provides a more comfortable air environment by reducing physical stimulations to humans.     

温湿度非耦合控制空调系统的节能研究

针对温湿度耦合控制空调系统存在能耗大、设备工作效率低等问题,提出了对空调系统采用温湿度非耦合控制的方法,以提高空调系统的效率,降低空调系统的能耗。