杀虫气雾剂中隐含成分抛射性中二甲醚的检测方法

随着社会经济的不断发展,人民对于生活要求越来越高,居家必备的杀虫气雾剂使用率大大增加,由于杀虫气雾剂直接作用于人、畜的生活环境中,所以对其中的有效成分要求也越来越严格。本文论述了杀虫气雾剂中隐含成分抛射性中二甲醚的检测方法。     

强效水基杀虫气雾剂的研究进展

目的通过调整料液的配比,制作出雾化良好、药效强劲的水基杀虫气雾剂。方法通过选用新型乳化剂等组分,达到以上目的。结果经过试验,其雾化良好,喷雾表面无泡沫,同时其药效与普通油基杀虫气雾剂相当。     

水基气雾剂

<正> 日本专利特开昭58—15901介绍,气雾型杀虫、杀螨剂大量使用有机溶剂,对于家畜、农业部门都带来一些问题,出于经费及环境保护这两方面考虑,开发了用水替换部分有机溶剂组成物。以前这类物质和不含水气雾剂相比较活性低劣。为了改良活性,研制新型气雾剂“水基气雾剂组成物”。该组成物含水20—70％(重量),含从醋酸酯和磷酸酯衍生物等物质中选择的杀虫剂、杀螨剂。它和大家熟悉的不含水气雾剂相比较活性不但没有下降,反而更加优良。该组成物     

杀虫气雾剂通过鉴定

广东省顺德市华宝精细化工厂研制开发的“金博水基杀虫气雾剂”及“金博油基杀虫气雾剂”新产品,最近已分别通过省级技术鉴定。 这两种产品,前者以右旋反式丙烯菊酯和右旋苯氰菊酯为有效成分,用D60合成支链环烃和水作溶剂,后者的三种有效成分及配方均与国内同类产品不同,采用D80合成异构环烃作溶剂。两者均具有毒性低、使用安全、对多种害虫杀灭效果好的特点,产品质量性能和使用效果均达到国外同类产品水平。杀虫气雾剂通过鉴定@毛麒瑞     

加氢法生产高级杀虫气雾剂油

由昆虫杀伤试验确定杀虫气雾剂油的馏程范围，采用加氨精制工艺处理轻煤油馏分生产优质气雾剂油，产品硫含量为零，氮含量＜1ppm，芳烃含量＜0．05％，无色透明、无毒无味，是极具高附加值的环保型溶剂。     

尿素结晶介稳区宽度实验研究

以农用尿素为原料,研究了尿素结晶的热力学特性,分别考察了以水、溶媒A、溶媒B作为结晶溶媒的溶解度及介稳区宽度。结果表明,尿素在三种溶剂中的溶解度随温度升高而增大,介稳区宽度随温度升高而减小,介稳区宽度的次序为水溶媒B溶媒A。原料尿素的纯度提高,介稳区宽度变窄;添加晶种,介稳区宽度变窄。     

采油中重烷基苯磺酸盐的界面性质和驱油机理

重烷基苯磺酸盐是一种重要的化学物质,可作为表面活性剂,应用于石油开采作业中。但它的原料组成成分较为复杂,因而在驱油中,将受自身化学物质的限制,呈现差异性驱油效果。为此,为了满足当前石油开采工作实施要求,应针对重烷基苯磺酸盐界面性质和驱油机理多样性特点,进行研究,继而结合研究结果,提高石油开采作业效率。从重烷基苯磺酸盐化学性质分析入手,详细阐述了其界面性质和驱油机理表现的实证研究结果。     

杀虫气雾剂质量控制与质量检测的漫谈

随着人们生活要求与质量的提升,居家生活中会使用一些消毒液、杀虫剂等化学产品来消毒、杀虫,确保生活环境与生活的健康。而提高杀虫气雾剂的质量,提高产品的性能则是生活卫生类为主的厂家占领市场,求生存发展所必须关注和重视的一项工作。在具体工作中,生产技术人员和质检人员有责任和义务促成杀虫气雾剂质量控制与质量检测的结果。     

水基杀虫气雾剂乳化体系配制的探索

介绍了水基杀虫气雾剂乳化体系在不同工艺条件下配制对产品质量的影响。     

金博杀虫气雾剂(油基)通过鉴定

顾德市华宝精细化工厂研制开发了“金博杀虫气雾剂”(油基)新产品,采用本厂生产的铁罐包装。现已批量生产,受到用户欢迎。最近通过了专家的技术鉴定。     

Extraction of tocopherols from the deodorized distillate of soybean oil with liquefied petroleum gas

Deodorizer distillate, produced during the last processing step of edible oil refinement, is a mixture of tocopherols, sterols, fatty acids, glycerides, hydrocarbons, water and other materials. The amount of tocopherols in deodorizer distillate is large enough to be considered as raw material for vitamin E preparation. In this work, separation of tocopherols from sterols has been achieved using liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) extraction. LPG was chosen as extraction solvent in order to improve extract recovery and prevent tocopherol degradation.     

液相磺化法制备三次采油用石油磺酸盐

研究了克拉玛依炼厂减压四线糠抽馏分油与液相三氧化硫在1,2-二氯乙烷溶剂存在下的磺化反应,磺化产物经中和、分水、浓缩等处理,得到石油磺酸盐产品。采用阳离子两相滴定-比较分析法测定反应产物中的活性物含量,讨论了酸油比、反应温度、溶剂与油的比例、加酸速度及老化时间对活性物含量的影响。结果表明,酸油比、反应温度和加酸速度对活性物含量影响较大,溶剂和油的比例次之,而老化时间对活性物含量的影响较小,优化条件下活性物含量高达67.27%。     

芴的提取精制研究进展

芴是重要的有机化工原料，多从煤焦油的洗油馏份中提出，也可从葸油中提出。芴的提取精制过程是先间歇蒸馏洗油馏份或蒽油馏份切取芴主馏份，再采用冷却结晶法或溶剂结晶法精制芴主馏份得到芴。     

蜡油加氢精制-临氢降凝单反应器工艺试验

采用加氢精制-临氢降凝单反应器工艺,以某炼油厂蜡油为原料生产润滑油基础油。结果表明,该工艺能够达到很好的降凝效果,产品370℃润滑油馏分的凝点为-10℃,收率为79.4%,工艺副产少量轻柴油、粗汽油及石油液化气,工艺主要产品为高粘度的润滑油馏分,其凝点降到-10℃以下,副产少量轻柴油、粗汽油及石油液化气。     

The concentration of tocols from rice bran oil deodorizer distillate using solvent

Tocols (tocopherols + tocotrienols) have been concentrated efficiently from rice bran oil (RBO) deodorizer distillate using solvent at low temperature. The levels of total tocols, total tocopherols, and total tocotrienols in RBO deodorizer distillate (starting material) were 31.5, 14.9, and 16.6 mg/g, respectively. Nine different solvents were tested, and acetonitrile was selected as the optimal solvent for concentrating tocols from the RBO deodorizer distillate. There was a significant (p <0.05) increase in the tocol level of the liquid fractions with decreasing temperature, for incubation temperatures up to –20 °C. In addition, significant differences (p <0.05) were observed in the relative percentages of α‐tocopherol, γ‐tocopherol, α‐tocotrienol, and γ‐tocotrienol between the raw sample and liquid fractions obtained at different temperatures using acetonitrile as the solvent. The concentration of the tocols from the RBO deodorizer distillate was temperature dependent, and a maximum of 89.9 mg/g was attained in the liquid fraction at – 40 °C. The relative percentage of tocotrienol homologs in the liquid fraction obtained at – 40 °C was approximately 80%. With acetonitrile as the solvent, the optimal temperature for concentrating the tocols from RBO deodorizer distillate was –20 °C when yield was considered.     

新型介孔分子筛加氢裂化催化剂的研制

研究了一种最大量生产中间馏分油的新型介孔分子筛加氢裂化催化剂,200 mL一段串联加氢装置评价结果表明,在控制原料＞350 ℃馏分油75%的高转化率条件下,C_⁺⁵液收98.6%,加氢裂化生成油中最大量柴油馏分收率为67.36%,中油选择性79.2%,能满足工业装置最大量生产中间馏分油的需要。重石脑油芳潜收率为41.16%,尾油BMCI值5.9,是理想的重整原料和蒸汽裂解制乙烯原料。     

润滑油馏分脱酸技术研究进展

简要介绍了环烷酸的危害和用处以及国内外脱酸技术的研究进展,重点叙述了目前炼厂常用的各种脱酸方法,如碱洗法,醇胺法,溶剂抽提法和催化加氢法,以及一些新兴的离子液体法和微波辐射法,比较这些脱酸方法的优缺点。针对目前润滑油馏分酸值日趋升高,而对其脱酸的研究较少的现状,结合馏分油的性质,对今后润滑油馏分脱酸的研究方向提出建议。     

间戊二烯C5石油树脂改性作为柴油降凝剂的研究

间戊二烯C5石油树脂在引发剂的作用下与马来酸酐发生接枝反应,再用直链烷烃醇进行酯化,制得梳状结构的柴油降凝剂。戊二烯C5石油树脂改性制备柴油降凝剂的最佳反应条件是:各物质质量比C5石油树脂∶马来酸酐∶引发剂∶混合醇∶溶剂(二甲苯)为100∶12∶1∶20∶8,混合醇用量比C12∶C16∶C18为0.4∶0.3∶0.3,反应温度80℃,反应时间4 h,所得到的改性石油树脂降凝剂与T 602C降凝剂复配(改性石油树脂降凝剂加入量为400μg/g,T 602C加入量为1 000μg/g)对柴油具有很好的降凝效果,可将抚顺石化公司生产的-10#柴油馏分的冷滤点降低7℃。     

Advanced distillation curve measurement: Application to a bio-derived crude oil prepared from swine manure

We have recently introduced several important improvements in the measurement of distillation curves for complex fluids. This new method is a significant improvement over current approaches, with features including a composition-explicit data channel for each distillate fraction (for both qualitative and quantitative analysis), trace chemical analysis of each distillate fraction, and a corrosivity assessment of each distillate fraction. In the present contribution, we present the application of the advanced distillation curve method to a bio-derived crude oil prepared from swine manure. One motivation behind the work was to precisely measure the distillation curve of the oil derived from swine manure with our advanced distillation apparatus and compare the bio-derived oil to traditional petroleum crude oils. Then, the information content of the bio-derived oil distillation was extended further with the composition-explicit data channel: gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), infrared spectrophotometry (IR), gas chromatography with sulfur chemiluminescence detection (GC-SCD), and the copper strip corrosion test (CSCT) were employed on each distillate volume fraction sampled. Consequently, we can address the composition, quantitate the total sulfur content, and measure the corrosivity. Using these tools, we determined that the bio-derived swine manure oil contained both water and heavy metals.     

Separation of non-sulfonated oil from industrial petroleum sulfonate

Abstract

The non-sulfonated oil in industrial petroleum sulfonate was separated by centrifugal method and extraction method, respectively. The oil separation rates of each method were compared, and the effects of oil separation rates under different conditions on the purity of non-sulfonated oil were investigated. The purity information of non-sulfonated oil separated by different methods was analyzed by infrared spectroscopy. The experimental results showed that the oil separation rate of centrifugation was low, and the oil extraction rate was higher. The purity of non-sulfonated oil separated with alcohol–water solution as extractant was lower, while the purity of non-sulfonated oil separated by water extraction method was the highest, and the extractant was nontoxic and environmentally friendly. Water was preferred as extractant. Solvent ratio, temperature and pressure all had great influence on oil separation rate. The optimum conditions for SL petroleum sulfonate were: solvent ratio 1.5:1, 90?°C, atmospheric pressure, which the oil separation rate was 78.51%; and for DQ petroleum sulfonate, the optimum conditions were: solvent ratio 2:1, 90?°C, atmospheric pressure, which the oil separation rate was 79.86%. Non-sulfonated oil separated by water extraction had the least petroleum sulfonate, followed by ethanol single solvent extraction. Although the extraction efficiency of isopropanol aqueous solution and n-pentane was the highest, the content of petroleum sulfonate in non-sulfonated oil was the highest, which affected the product performance and should not be used.