高纯度三环己基氢氧化锡的合成方法

本文提出了以溶剂配合催化合成高纯度三环怀基氢氧化锡的方法。产品纯度≥９％，外观为白色粉末。     

高纯度乌桕脂棕榈酸、油酸制取工艺研究

为满足日益增长的高科技市场对高纯度棕榈酸、油酸的迫切需求,充分利用中国乌桕脂的资源优势和化学组成特点,研究并提出“无催化剂分批压热釜水解,溶剂结晶－精馏、柱层析”法。原料乌桕脂水解率９７．３６％。高纯度棕榈酸纯度９８．７７％,收率９０％。高纯度油酸纯度９８．０３％,收率９２％。高纯度水解甘油纯度９８％,收率８９％     

高纯度乌桕脂棕榈酸,油酸制取工艺研究

为满足日益增长的高科技市场对高纯度棕榈酸,油酸的迫切需求,充分利用中国乌桕脂的资源优势和化学组成特点,研究并提出“无催化剂分批压热釜水解,溶剂结晶－精馏,柱层析”法,原料乌桕脂水解率９７．３６％,高纯度棕榈酸纯度９８．７７％,收率９０％,高纯度油酸纯度９８．０３％,收率９２％。高纯度水解甘油纯度９８％,收率８９％．     

从莲花绿茶中提取茶多酚

本文报道了从莲花绿茶中提取茶多酚。用85％的乙醇水溶液为溶剂，W茶叶／V溶剂=1：7，80℃，搅拌提取3次，提取率17．5％，茶多酚含量为75％。粗产品用廉价易得的叹附剂＊A代替昂贵的葡聚精疑胶，经柱色谱分离后，纯度达gO你作为食品添加剂，这已经能够满足要求。产物的＊V和IR以‘＊＊HR测定数据与文献报连相符。     

乙烯酮合成氯乙酰氯的工艺研究

介绍了乙烯酮与氯气在溶剂中合成氯乙酰氯的方法。试验了溶剂种类、溶剂用量、反应温度，反应压力的影响。在优惠条件下试验收率达９２％以上，产品纯度达９８．５％以上，反应的溶剂回收率达９２％以上。     

鞣酸小檗碱的合成及其颗粒剂制备工艺研究

目的：鞣酸小檗碱作为一种治疗儿童胃肠道感染候选药物,具有高的应用前景和市场价值。本研究拟优化鞣酸小檗碱的合成工艺,为实现其绿色、经济、高效合成提供新的方法;此外,对鞣酸小檗碱颗粒剂的制备工艺进行研究,为鞣酸小檗碱颗粒剂儿童用药上市奠定基础。方法：以超纯水为反应溶剂,以盐酸小檗碱与鞣酸、水的配比、中和反应温度、反应时间及不同抗氧化添加剂为可变因素,优化鞣酸小檗碱的合成工艺;并以鞣酸小檗碱为主药,分别对填充剂、助悬剂、润湿剂进行单因素实验,实验结果进一步采用正交试验进行了优化,筛选鞣酸小檗碱颗粒剂制备处方。结果：以产物中黄连素含量、重量收率以及鞣酸小檗碱的纯度为指标进行分析,确定了鞣酸小檗碱的最佳合成工艺;确定其颗粒剂制备处方为鞣酸小檗碱10%,可溶性淀粉38%,糊精为48%,黄原胶4.0%,润湿剂选择85%乙醇。     

聚甲醛合成新工艺及其应用

用甲醇和回收的稀甲醛合成高纯度的甲缩醛，收率达１００％，再用７０％甲醛液精制合成１００％甲醛，收率达９８％，用于生产三聚甲醛，选择性为９９．６。％。用缩醛法生产聚甲醛，单程收率高，产品质量好，工艺简单，消耗低，可大大地降低生产成本。     

纯芦丁的制备

制备高纯度芦丁的目的是用作对照品或满足特殊需要的试剂，无水芦丁可溶于正丁醇，因此,采用正丁醇为溶剂可精制得到高纯度的芦丁。     

高纯氯甲酸苄酯无溶剂生产工艺的研究

本文以苯甲醇和光气为原料,研究了无溶剂高纯度氯甲酸苄酯的生产工艺。,优化的生产工艺条件为：在干燥的氮气保护下,在10hA左右于-10-5℃向光气中滴加苯甲醇,滴毕再于10℃回流反应10h。产品纯度达到98．5％,收率达99％。该方法反应条件温和、操作方便、后处理简单、成本低,适合于工业化。     

带水带锈涂料的研制

针对带水带锈涂料广阔的应用前景．以改性环氧树脂、沥青、铁锈转化剂、配位体、防锈刘、溶剂等为主要原料研制成功了一种转化型带水带锈涂料，优化的工艺配方（质量分数）为：18％环氧桁脂，6％沥青清漆，10％溶剂[V（丁醇）：V（二甲苯）=1：1]，35％铁锈转化剂]V（磷酸）：V（鞣酸）=3-4：11，2％柠檬酸，1%磷酸二氢钠。1％冒酸钠．1％OP-10.2％炭黑，24％乙醇，0.5％乙二醇。探讨了主要成分对铁锈转化能力及涂膜质量的影响，检测了涂料加涂膜性能。结果表明：该涂料铁锈转化能力强，能带水带锈施工，各项性能良好，适用于钢铁件的防腐蚀处理。     

Effects of Purified Persimmon Tannin and Tannic Acid on Survival and Reproduction of Bean Bug, Riptortus clavatus

We evaluated the effects of tannic acid and purified perrsimmon tannin on survival and reproduction of bean bugs, Riptortus clavatus.Feeding behavior of R. clavatus was also examined on sweet (cv. Fuyu) and astringent (cv. Chongdosi) persimmon fruits. Soluble tannin in sweet persimmon fruits decreased from 3% in early June to 0.5% in late September, but it increased from 2 to 8% during the same period in astringent persimmon fruits. More bugs visited sweet than astringent persimmon. Numbers of piercing/sucking spots were higher on sweet than on astringent persimmon. When fed 1 and 3% solutions of persimmon tannin, adult bugs ingested only 64.1 and 9.5% of the amount of water ingested by those offered the control (distilled water). Amounts of persimmon tannin ingested by the adult bugs were 6.5 and 2.8 times higher at 1 and 3% tannin solutions compared to a 0.1% solution. Persimmon tannin exerted negative effects on survival and reproduction of R. clavatus at higher concentrations (1 and 3% solutions). Feeding of R. clavatus adults decreased with increasing tannin concentrations. When results from both sexes were pooled, 50% mortality was achieved at 11 and 4 days after treatment with the 1 and 3% tannin solutions, respectively. Reproduction decreased with 1% tannin, and no eggs were produced with 3% tannin solution. Tannic acid was similar in its effects on R. clavatus. All nymphs died 14, 12, and 7 days after feeding on 0.1, 1, and 3% tannic acid, respectively. Adults were less sensitive than nymphs, and their survival was not affected by 0.1% tannic acid. However. 1 and 3% tannic acid solutions were fatal. Survivorship decreased to 50% at 11 and 6 days after supplying tannin solutions of 1 and 3% concentrations. Higher concentrations (1 and 3%) resulted in reduced reproduction, as was seen with persimmon tannin. Our data may explain why R. clavatus does not invade sweet persimmon orchards until late July, when concentrations of soluble tannin are low enough to allow them to feed.     

紫外法和皮粉法测定塔拉单宁含量的对比研究

分别采用紫外法和皮粉法对5种不同含量的塔拉单宁进行对比研究,并利用SPSS软件对单宁含量测定结果进行显著性检验,结果表明：高纯度塔拉单宁(93%)分别用紫外法和皮粉法测定单宁含量时实验结果并未显著差异(P>0.05),而4种纯度为60%左右塔拉单宁的实验结果均具有显著性差异(P<0.05),皮粉法测得的单宁含量均比用紫外法测得的结果高,差值约为1.5%～2.0%,并由此计算出紫外法测定塔拉单宁含量计算公式中的矫正常数p为1.03。紫外-可见吸收光谱与HPLC分析结果表明：塔拉单宁与五倍子单宁的最大吸收峰均为276 nm,同质量浓度下塔拉单宁的吸收峰强度高于五倍子单宁,塔拉单宁成分出峰时间主要在20～40 min,五倍子单宁主要在30～45 min。     

Synthesis of new polymers containing tannin

A novel method for preparation of immobilized tannin on polyethylene has been suggested. A tannin-containing polymer was prepared by radiation-induced graft polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate onto porous polyethylene, followed by coupling tannin with the produced epoxide group. Reaction conditions for preparing immobilized tannin, such as the reaction temperature, pH, and the molar ratio of tannin to the epoxide group were investigated. The tannin content of the tannin-containing porous polyethylene was 20%, which is approximately equivalent to that of the conventional cellulose-based immobilized tannin. The adsorption isotherm for immobilized tannin and ferrous ion was determined.     

马占相思树皮单宁含量的影响因素研究

研究了产地、树龄、部位以及贮存时间对马占相思树皮单宁含量的影响。结果表明:不同产地的该种树皮的单宁含量差异较大;树龄对树皮的单宁含量影响较明显,随着树龄的增加,单宁含量逐渐减少;从主干的根部往顶部,树皮的单宁含量逐渐降低,非单宁含量逐渐增加;贮存时间的延长,单宁含量减少,因此,贮存时间不能过长。研究结果表明马占相思树皮是适合工业生产的一种优良栲胶原料。     

马占相思树皮单宁含量的影响因素研究

研究了产地、树龄、部位以及贮存时间对马占相思树皮单宁含量的影响。结果表明：不同产地的该种树皮的单宁含量差异较大；树龄对树皮的单宁含量影响较明显，随着树龄的增加，单宁含量逐渐减少；从主干的根部往顶部，树皮的单宁含量逐渐降低，非单宁含量逐渐增加；贮存时间的延长，单宁含量减少，因此，贮存时间不能过长。研究结果表明马占相思树皮是适合工业生产的一种优良栲胶原料。     

单宁改性生漆复合涂料的制备及其性能研究

通过添加单宁和金属离子催化剂,对生漆进行改性制备复合涂料,研究金属离子种类、单宁添加量、反应时间、反应温度对单宁改性生漆复合涂料成膜性能的影响。研究结果表明,生漆中加入其质量1/5倍的20%FeCl3乙醇溶液反应40min后,再添加生漆质量8%的单宁,在60℃下反应3h得到的改性生漆成膜性能最佳,干燥时间缩短为52h,附着力为3~4级,耐冲击力为30kg/cm,硬度为2H。与原生漆相比,改性生漆耐碱性提高了3倍,耐受温度提高了2倍;红外光谱分析表明,生漆中的漆酚和单宁的酚羟基发生了醚化反应,从而改善了漆膜特性。     

Chelation of Cu(II), Zn(II), and Fe(II) by Tannin Constituents of Selected Edible Nuts

The tannin fractions isolated from hazelnuts, walnuts and almonds were characterised by colorimetric assays and by an SE-HPLC technique. The complexation of Cu(II) and Zn(II) was determined by the reaction with tetramethylmurexide, whereas for Fe(II), ferrozine was employed. The walnut tannins exhibited a significantly weaker reaction with the vanillin/HCl reagent than hazelnut and almond tannins, but the protein precipitation capacity of the walnut fraction was high. The SE-HPLC chromatogram of the tannin fraction from hazelnuts revealed the presence of oligomers with higher molecular weights compared to that of almonds. Copper ions were most effectively chelated by the constituents of the tannin fractions of hazelnuts, walnuts and almonds. At a 0.2 mg/assay addition level, the walnut tannins complexed almost 100% Cu(II). The Fe(II) complexation capacities of the tannin fractions of walnuts and hazelnuts were weaker in comparison to that of the almond tannin fraction, which at a 2.5 mg/assay addition level, bound Fe(II) by ~90%. The capacity to chelate Zn(II) was quite varied for the different nut tannin fractions: almond tannins bound as much as 84% Zn(II), whereas the value for walnut tannins was only 8.7%; and for hazelnut tannins, no Zn(II) chelation took place at the levels tested.     

基于点击反应的单宁衍生物的合成及其性能

植物单宁与溴丙炔反应制备的炔化单宁与对十二烷基苯磺酰叠氮通过点击反应合成单宁衍生物。采用红外光谱仪和元素分析仪对单宁衍生物的结构进行表征，并研究其表面张力、抗氧化能力以及对细菌的抑制作用等性能。结果表明，在单宁分子的结构中引入长链烷基后，改善其亲脂性，制备出的单宁衍生物能显著降低水溶液的表面张力，当单宁衍生物质量浓度为0.8mg/mL时，可降低水溶液的表面张力至28.94mN/m；单宁衍生物对1,1-二苯基-2-苦基苯肼基自由基具有较强的清除能力，当单宁衍生物质量浓度为0.25mg/mL时，对1,1-二苯基-2-苦基苯肼基自由基的最大清除率可达97.08%；由于单宁脂溶性的增加及具有抗菌性能的三氮唑基团的引入，单宁衍生物对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制作用明显增强。     

Effects of addition of condensed tannin on the structure and properties of silk fibroin film

Condensed tannin is a polymeric polyphenol compound, which has considerable protein‐binding ability and a variety of bioactivities, such as anti‐inflammatory, antithrombotic and antimicrobial activities. In this study, silk fibroin film was modified by adding condensed tannin. It was found that strong intermolecular interactions occurred between silk fibroin and tannin, and incorporation of 1–10% (w/w) tannin in the blend films resulted in more compact, stiffer but less elastic films. Swelling and dissolution trials showed that the addition of tannin significantly reduced the swelling and solubility of the films. The mechanical properties, swelling and solubility of the blend films varied as a function of tannin concentration, showing optimum values when containing 10% (w/w) tannin. The silk fibroin–tannin films all showed significant antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity against Gram‐positive bacteria, and the activities were positively related to the concentration of tannin. The results emphasized that the addition of condensed tannin could simultaneously improve the structural stability of silk fibroin film and impart functional properties. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry     

单宁基酚胺型螯合树脂的制备及对Cr(VI)的吸附

杨梅单宁先与氯化亚砜反应制得氯代单宁,再与聚乙烯亚胺交联合成单宁基酚胺型螯合树脂。通过FTIR、SEM、EDS和XPS对单宁基酚胺型螯合树脂的结构进行表征,并考察了螯合树脂对Cr(VI)的吸附性能。在单宁的分子结构侧链引入氨基,能有效改善单宁基螯合树脂对Cr(VI)的吸附性能,螯合树脂对Cr(VI)的吸附主要为还原吸附,铬主要以Cr(III)的形式吸附到树脂上;在温度为318 K、pH为2.0、Cr(VI)初始质量浓度为500 mg/L时,单宁基酚胺型螯合树脂对Cr(VI)的最大吸附量达到364.46 mg/g;当Cr(VI)初始质量浓度低于20 mg/L时,树脂对铬的吸附率达到95%以上;单宁基酚胺型螯合树脂对Cr(VI)的吸附过程符合Langmuir等温吸附模型和准二级吸附动力学方程。该树脂在含铬废水处理方面具有潜在的应用前景。