一种节水的点焊机循环系统

水冷却是一般工业点焊机普遍采用的方法,它通常是按点焊机使用说明书接上自来水源,将流过焊机后的冷却水排到下水道,这样会造成水资源的浪费。     

介绍一种经济、高效、节能的热压式蒸馏水机

我厂于1989年12月购进一台宝鸡制药机械厂制造的RY1000型热压式蒸馏水机(以下简称热压机),于1990年4月10日正式投入运行。经过一年来的使用,认为这种热压机使用效果良好,技术先进,既节能运行又可靠,下面作一简要介绍。 热压机的工作原理,是从低温热源汲取热量,使其在较高温度下变成可以有效利用的高温热能。它主要由热泵(或蒸汽压缩机)、蒸发冷凝器、回流罐、蒸馏水换热器、不凝器换热器、控制柜等部件构成,每小时能生产蒸馏水1000～1200升。出水温度设计为30℃和90℃两个规格,水质指标符合中华人民共和国药     

水利工程中的水文水资源管理应用分析

水利工程对国家经济发展具有推动作用,它可以有效地解决人们对水资源的需要,减少水资源的浪费。在水利工程中运用水文水资源管理,既可以保障工程的安全性,又可以提高水资源的利用率,为国民经济的持续发展提供科学依据。基于此,对水文水资源管理在水利工程中的应用进行了分析,以供参考。     

预防蓄电池电解液结冰的措施

装载机上使用的蓄电池电解液一般都是由硫酸和蒸馏水配制而成的。其中,硫酸质量须符合《蓄电池硫酸》(HG/T2692-95)标准,蒸馏水质量应符合《铅酸蓄电池用水》(ZBK84004—89)标准。电解液的配制和蓄电池初充电应严格按工艺规程操作。蓄电池充电后,冬季应将电解液密度调整为1.29～1.30,夏季应调整为1.28。     

应对全球气候变化的农业抗旱与节水技术需求

一、干旱缺水巳成为我国农业面临的常态问题 1998年,联合国曾预言21世纪第一位的问题是人口,第二位是水资源.随着世界经济的发展和人口的增加,人类对水资源的需求量在不断增加,但可供人类直接使用的水资源却不断减少.     

污泥脱水系统在自来水厂的应用

概述了污泥脱水系统在杨树浦水厂的应用,介绍了污泥脱水系统的构成、原理、工艺参数以及使用状况等,为水厂的污泥脱水系统提供了实际数据与参考。在当前水资源严重紧缺、水环境污染日益严重的情况下,自来水厂污泥脱水系统的应用,将生产污水进行处理后循环使用,既改善了水体质量,也节约了水资源。     

M1432磨床导轨简易修复

我厂有一台外圆磨床,因铁屑等机械杂质进入床身导轨,造成床身导轨与工作台导轨严重拉毛,面积达2％～3％,深度达0.6～0.8mm。我们采用了先进行化学镀铜,后用锡鉍合金钎焊的办法修复。现简述如下:一、化学镀铜工艺1号镀铜液的配方:浓盐酸(化学纯)30％;锌(纯)和硫酸铜各占4％:蒸馏水62％。配制方法:先按重量比将上述成份分别秤好后,把锌加入浓盐酸中。待锌全部溶解后,加入硫酸铜,用玻璃棒搅拌均匀。再把蒸馏水加入,搅匀后即可使用。2号镀铜液的配方:硫酸铜50～60％,蒸馏水40     

电热蒸馏水器的常见故障及修理

电热蒸馏水器的常见故障及修理山东滨州市化肥厂沈富华电热蒸馏水器是医疗卫生单位、研究所、化工、化肥行业的化验室及研究室制取蒸馏水的常用设备。电热蒸馏水器由蒸发锅、冷凝冷却器及电气装置三部分组成。蒸发锅主要用于储水及保持一定水位，超过水位即自动从排水管外...     

污水处理设备更有效更节能化制造策略研究

随着社会经济发展,大量工业废水和生活污水不可避免地产生,造成了严重的水资源浪费和水资源污染。水资源对于人类的意义不言而喻,因此,如何使用计算机技术来处理污水,是必须高度关注的问题。本文首先明确了污水处理的重要性,接着结合国内外优秀做法,然后再通过具体实例,对污水处理设备更有效更节能化制造的策略进行了探讨。     

蓄电池五大常见故障

<正>1.容量降低表现为蓄电池充电后使用一、二次后即感到电力不足,而充电时一次就满。原因:(1)蓄电池长期充电不足或电解液密度过大,以及因长时间或经常频繁使用而使蓄电池极板硫化。(2)电解液液面长期过低或经常加入电解液代替蒸馏水,致使极板硫化容量降低。     

基于ARMA模型的自来水厂原水水质短期预报

为了解决自来水厂原水水质突变引起的应变滞后问题,使预测信息更加准确、及时、全面的服务于水厂作业人员,该文应用时间序列的ARMA模型对原水水质的浊度进行分析研究,建立水质变化的回归模型,并在此模型基础上进行预测验证。仿真结果表明,该模型能够较好地拟合水质变化曲线,具有较高的精确度,能够对实际生产起良好的指导作用。     

钛合金TC4放电加工电极损耗研究

针对钛合金TC4在火花油中放电加工电极损耗大的问题,以蒸馏水和火花油为工作介质,进行了钛合金TC4的放电加工试验,分析比较了两者的电极绝对损耗量和相对损耗率的差异,并从加工波形和加工后电极的表面微观形貌及主要成分等几个方面研究了电极损耗机制。结果表明:蒸馏水的绝缘性较差,而流动性和冷却性好,消电离较充分,改善了极间状态,加工稳定,使加工效率大大提高;另外加工过程中产生的少量氧化钛和从工件飞溅的蚀除产物附着在电极表面,形成覆盖层,有效抑制了电极损耗。其电极绝对损耗与火花油加工时相差不大但相对损耗却大大降低。     

The influence of water air content on cavitation erosion in distilled water

The influence of increased air content of the cavitating liquid (distilled water) was studied in rotating disk test rig. A rise in the total air content (including dissolved and entrained air) of the water in the undersaturated range resulted in bubble collapse cushioning and reduction of cavitation damage. When the water was oversaturated with air, large air bubbles formed and cavitation damage was drastically reduced, probably due to both bubble collapse cushioning and shock wave attenuation.     

Ultrathin sectioning for electron microscopy: The distilled water in the knife trough may extract phosphatase reaction products from the sections

During an electron microscopical study of the localization of the nucleoside diphos-phatase IDPase in Reissner's membrane of the inner ear, it was discovered that the distilled water in the knife trough produced an annoying artefact. It dissolved all the lead phosphate reaction product from the sections, and thus converted a positive phosphatase reactivity to a false negative one. The water in the knife trough had a pH of approximately 5.4. Calculations showed that this is an expected acidity, if CO₂ in the air equilibrates with distilled water, and that there is 200,000 times more acid in the trough than necessary to dissolve all the reaction product from a ribbon of ultrathin sections. Experiments showed that the artefact could be avoided by adjusting the pH to neutrality with dilute ammonia.     

Experimental validation of the lifetime performance of a proportional 4/3 hydraulic valve operating in water

One of the alternative hydraulic fluid is water, which is environmentally acceptable, low-cost and non-flammable. We have designed a new hydraulic test rig and a new water proportional control valve to investigate the tribological and hydraulic behaviour of such water-based systems under pressures of up to 16 MPa and flows of up to 30 lpm. In this work, we present the lifetime performance of all-stainless-steel valve with distilled water being used as the hydraulic fluid. The results show that the water-based valve can operate for more than 10 million cycles under industrial relevant conditions if the water cleanness is appropriately maintained.     

Friction and wear of grey cast iron against Si3N4 in emulsion and water

Friction and wear tests of Si₃N₄ against cast iron were carried out using a ring-on-block tester lubricated by emulsion. To provide a comparison with emulsion, distilled water was also used as a lubricant in the tests. The results show that emulsion can prevent the formation of an SiO₂·2H₂O film on the iron surface. Although the friction coefficient of Si₃N₄/ iron pairs in emulsion is much greater than in distilled water, the wear of Si₃N₄ in emulsion is less.     

Electrical discharge machining in distilled water

The performances of kerosene and distilled water as the dielectric fluid in electrical discharge machining (EDM) were compared over the pulse energy range 0.72 – 288 mJ. Machining in distilled water resulted in a higher metal removal rate and a lower wear ratio than in kerosene when a high pulse energy range (72 – 288 mJ) was used. With distilled water, the machining accuracy was poor but the surface finish was better. Electron microprobe analysis revealed that the deposition of tool material (copper) on the work surface (high carbon steel) was low when machining took place in distilled water at a high pulse energy (288 mJ) and in kerosene at a low pulse energy (72 mJ). It is concluded that distilled water may be used as a dielectric fluid in EDM at a high pulse energy range.     

Tribological behavior of Cu–6Sn–6Zn–3Pb under sea water,distilled water and dry-sliding conditions

Tribological behaviors of Cu–6Sn–6Zn–3Pb alloy sliding against AISI321 stainless steel under sea water, distilled water and dry sliding conditions are studied on a pin-on-disc tester. Generally, the friction coefficient in distilled water is the largest and the smallest in dry-sliding. However, the wear rate is in the opposite case. The wear mechanism is microplough and plastic deformation in distilled water and under dry-sliding, but much severe in the latter case. In sea water environment, the wear mechanism is microplough, plastic deformation and corrosion. Sea water and distilled water show a cooling effect in comparison with dry sliding, additionally, sea water also has lubricating and corrosive effects.     

基于ZigBee网络的电厂循环水在线监测系统设计

目前,火电厂循环水水质监测主要是离线方式,在人工采样测量参数之后,对相关设备进行调整操作。缺点是测量工作量大,调节精度不够而且不及时,导致参数不能维持在稳定的范围内。该文通过ZigBee技术和树莓派(Raspberry Pi)构建循环水在线监测系统,实现实时动态地将数据传送至在线监测平台,使水质参数测量更具客观性和科学性,为设备调整的控制决策提供准确的依据。     

基于GPRS的紫外水质分析仪的研究

通用分组无线业务(GPRS)技术作为一种成熟的商用无线通信技术,在无线监测管理系统中因其费用较其他无线传输(如3G技术)低,且传输速率高,而有着很好的应用前景。文中针对传统水质监测系统存在水质采样能力弱、数据处理不及时和缺乏水质变化预警机制等问题,提出了一种基于GPRS技术的无线远程传输水质分析仪设计方案。该分析仪实现了远程数据接受、实时显示、统计分析、报警机制等功能,可以为环保部门监督管理工作提供依据。