基于SHPB试验的聚丙烯纤维增强混凝土动态力学性能研究

采用变截面大尺寸Hopkinson压杆,对直径100 mm的两种聚丙烯纤维混凝土和素混凝土试件进行了冲击压缩试验,得到了不同应变率下试件的动态压缩强度及应力应变全过程曲线.从能量耗散的角度讨论了聚丙烯纤维对混凝土的增韧作用,用弹簧一摩擦块复合模型对聚丙烯纤维对混凝土的增韧机理进行了探讨.结果表明,在冲击压缩的高应变率加载条件下,在冲击压缩的初始阶段,聚丙烯纤维的增韧作用并不明显,在卸载阶段,聚丙烯纤维混凝土韧性要明显好于素混凝土.试验为聚丙烯纤维混凝土在防护工程领域与军事领域的应用提供了参考.     

煤矿砂岩SHPB动态压缩力学性能试验与分析

为研究煤矿砂岩冲击载荷作用下的动态力学特性,利用分离式Hopkinson压杆对皖北矿区祁东煤矿的砂岩试件进行冲击压缩试验,得到了试件应变率变化时程曲线和动态应力一应变曲线。试验结果表明：采用3种冲击气压加栽,入射波形均近似为梯形波;试件应变率随冲击气压提高而增大,应变率曲线中有一段近似恒应变率平台,可实现恒应变率加栽;试件动态破坏形态在低应变率下为径向外围剥落式拉伸破坏模式,在高应变率下则为颗粒状粉碎破坏模式。随应变率增加,碎块尺寸减小且碎块数量增加,具有明显的应变率效应;试件动态抗压强度与平均应变率近似乘幂关系,显示出较强的相关性。     

纤维混凝土动态压缩力学性能的实验研究

利用SHPB（split Hopkinson pressure bar）压杆，采用改进的实验技术对钢纤维混凝土和聚丙烯纤维混凝土进行了动态压缩力学性能实验，通过实验得到不同应变率下的应力-应变曲线，初步讨论了纤维掺量对混凝土的增韧效应、应变率效应、动态弹性模量的影响。     

无铅焊锡材料的动态力学性能

利用分离式霍普金森拉压杆技术分别对63Sn37Pb、96.5Sn3.5Ag以及96.5Sn3.0Ag0.5Cu在600、1200以及2200 s^-1应变率下的拉伸和压缩动态力学性能进行了测量,得到了不同应变率下的应力应变曲线.结果表明:3种材料均具有明显的应变率效应,其中,96.5Sn3.5Ag对应变率较为敏感;在相同应变率下96.5Sn3.0Ag0.5Cu呈现出最大的屈服应力和抗拉强度.给出了2种无铅焊料抗拉强度、失效点应变与应变率之间的拟合关系.     

混凝土压缩试验的改善及动态损伤

为了探求混凝土动态压缩试验入射波形的改善方法,从而进一步研究冲击荷载作用下混凝土动态损伤及力学性能,采用常规的大直径分离式霍普金森压杆(split Hopkinson pressure bar, SHPB)进行混凝土的动态压缩试验。然而入射脉冲的弥散效应和严重的高频震荡现象会对试验结果会产生较大的误差,所以试件在破坏前应力均匀分布要求且保持恒应变率加载是保证试验有效性及试验结果可靠性的关键。通过黄铜整形器改善入射波形以减小试验误差,然后利用理论公式与试验相结合的方式,通过控制变量,进一步研究气压、冲击次数等对混凝土动态损伤的影响。研究结果表明:较薄的小直径实心铜片整形器可以提高试验准确度;随着重复冲击次数的增加,混凝土损伤度逐渐提高,动态弹性模量减小,抵抗冲击的能力减弱。     

玄武岩纤维贫混凝土力学性能研究

从贫混凝土基层的复合式路面的使用状况来看,反射裂缝的问题比较突出.玄武岩纤维贫混凝土是一种能有效减弱或者避免贫混凝土产生反射裂缝的新型混合料.通过一系列室内试验,对玄武岩纤维贫混凝土的抗压强度、抗弯拉强度、抗冲击能力以及静力抗压弹性模量等力学性能进行了系统研究.得出玄武岩纤维最佳掺量为混合料总质量的2.0‰,最佳掺量范围为3～6 kg/m3.掺入玄武岩纤维后,能大幅提高贫混凝土的早期抗压、抗弯拉强度,且28 d龄期的纤维贫混凝抗压强度和抗弯拉强度也较一般贫混凝土提高了20%以上;可使贫混凝土具有良好的抗冲击性能,较普通贫混凝土提高了近1/3倍;可提高贫混凝土材料的静力抗压弹性模量,但提升幅度不大.     

玄武岩纤维再生混凝土的基本力学性能

玄武岩纤维作为一种新型绿色的工程材料,可显著提高混凝土的力学性能,为再生混凝土的研究和推广提供了新的发展思路。研究了玄武岩纤维掺量分别为0、2和4 kg/m3情况下,对不同再生骨料替代率下的玄武岩纤维再生混凝土物理和力学性能的影响。结果表明,在纤维掺量为2 kg/m3时,50%替代率再生混凝土的密度最大;当纤维掺量少于2 kg/m3,再生混凝土的抗拉强度随纤维含量的增加而降低;对于50%再生骨料替代率下的再生混凝土,玄武岩纤维含量为4 kg/m3时对其力学性能提高最明显。     

缝合铺层碳/环氧复合材料动态压缩性能实验研究

采用分离式霍普金森压杆(SHPB)动态测试系统对环氧树脂E-51和缝合铺层复合材料厚度方向的压缩性能进行实验研究,得到了不同应变率下的压缩应力-应变关系和压缩强度,并通过冲击破坏形貌来探讨材料的动态压缩破坏模式.结果表明:环氧树脂E-51是应变率相关材料,但其应变率敏感程度并不高;缝合铺层碳/环氧复合材料厚度方向的应力-应变曲线对应变率是敏感的,随着应变率的增加,最大应力增大,应变率在900 s-1比应变率在350 s-1的压缩强度增加120%;破坏的主要原因是纤维和树脂的分离以及纤维之间产生相对位移形成微裂纹,随着载荷的增加和应力集中的作用,促使裂纹扩展导致材料破坏.     

高温后钢纤维活性粉末混凝土SHPB试验研究

采用改进的分离式Hopkinson压杆装置,结合应变直测技术,分别对常温以及经历400℃和800℃高温的钢纤维活性粉末混凝土(SFRPC)进行了单轴冲击压缩试验,减少了传统的Hopkinson压杆试验中的入射波的高频震荡,使得应变率的波动性明显减小.试验结果表明,经历400℃和800℃后,钢纤维活性粉末混凝土的峰值应力分别将为常温状态的62010和27%,弹性模量降为83%和35. 6%,同时,高温也改变了试件的破坏形态.对活性粉末混凝土冲击过程中的能量吸收性能进行分析,试件在经历高温后,能量吸收能力大幅度下降,400℃和800℃的能量吸收能力分别是常温下的67.4%和42. 6%.     

High strain rate compressive strength behavior of cemented paste backfill using split Hopkinson pressure bar

The stability of cemented paste backfill(CPB) is threatened by dynamic disturbance, but the conventional low strain rate laboratory pressure test has difficulty achieving this research purpose. Therefore, a split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB) was utilized to investigate the high strain rate compressive behavior of CPB with dynamic loads of 0.4, 0.8, and 1.2 MPa. And the failure modes were determined by macro and micro analysis. CPB with different cement-to-tailings ratios, solid mass concentrations, and curing ages was prepared to conduct the SHPB test. The results showed that increasing the cement content, tailings content, and curing age can improve the dynamic compressive strength and elastic modulus. Under an impact load, a higher strain rate can lead to larger increasing times of the dynamic compressive strength when compared with static loading. And the dynamic compressive strength of CPB has an exponential correlation with the strain rate. The macroscopic failure modes indicated that CPB is more seriously damaged under dynamic loading. The local damage was enhanced, and fine cracks were formed in the interior of the CPB. This is because the CPB cannot dissipate the energy of the high strain rate stress wave in a short loading period.     

Dynamic mechanical property of hybrid fiber reinforced concrete(HFRC)

The uniaxial compressive response of steel-polypropylene hybrid fiber reinforced concrete(HFRC) and steel fiber-reinforced concrete(SFRC) was analyzed under high strain rate loading with a 74 mm diameter split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB).The experimental investigation focused on recorded data and resulted in distinguishing the strain rate that mobilized different ductility of steel-polypropylene hybrid fiber reinforced concrete(HFRC) and steel fiber-reinforced concrete(SFRC).64 specimens of HFRC and SFRC with higher static compressive strength were tested at the strain rates changing from 20 to 120 s-1.The static compressive strength and dynamic stress-strain curves of the two materials were obtained at 4 different strain rates and the failure stress,and peak strain and peak toughness were also analyzed.The results show that HFRC has quite good dynamic mechanical property and clear strain-rate effect,and the failure mechanism of HFRC and SFRC was also compared based on the specimens’ failure modes in static and dynamic compressive tests.     

用霍布金森杆研究玻璃钢的动力学行为

本文应用分段式霍布金森压杆测定玻璃纤维增强塑料在高应变率下（ε＝103S-1）的压缩应力-应变曲线，由此分析了材料动态强度与应变单的关系。     

The Mechanical Properties of Polypropylene Fiber Reinforced Concrete

The compressive, shear strengths and abrasion-erosion resistance as well as flexural properties of two polypropyenc fiber reinforced concretes and the comparison with a steel fiber reinforced concrete were reported. The exprimental results show that a low content of polypropylene fiber (0.91 kg/m^3 of concrete ) slightly decreases the compressive and shear strengths, and appreciably increased the flexural strength, but obviously enhances the toughness index and fracture energy for the concrete with the same mix proportion, coasequently it plays a role of anti-cracking and improving toughness in concrete. Moreover, the polypropylene mesh fiber is better than the polypropylene monofilament fiber in improving flexaral strength and toughness of concrete, but the types of polypropylene fibers are inferior to steel fiber. All the polypropylene and steel fibers have no great beneficial effect on the abrasion-erosion resistance of concrete.     

用Hopkinson压杆技术测试材料动态断裂韧性的方法研究

对传统的Ｈｏｐｋｉｎｓｏｎ压杆测试系统进行了改进,建立了应力波载荷作用下材料动态断裂韧性的测试方法,该方法采用３点弯曲试样进行动态断裂试验,应用试验－－数值法确定动态应力强度因子的响应曲线,进而测试材料的动态断裂韧性。４０Ｃｒ材料的试验结果表明,本文设计的测试装置是有效的,建立的测试方法是可行的。     

Meso-mechanical interfacial behavior of elbow steel fiber reinforced concrete

The strain distributions near the interface when the elbow steel fiber is pulled out from the half-mould concrete matrix are directly measured using a combined method of single fiber pull-out test and digital image correlation. Meanwhile, the real-time processes of the bonding, debonding and sliding at the interface are observed. The micro-mechanism of the strain localization in the failure process of interface when debonding occurs and the strengthening mechanism at the imbedded fiber are discussed. The experimental results show that the meso-scale strain localization gives rise to the localization of shear damage near the fiber interface. This strain localization characterized by the debonding process near the interface occurs, develops and moves gradually at an apparently regular interval. At the elbow part of the imbedded fiber, the peak value of the shearing stress occurs. But the primary debonding does not occur at this place because the strength of the shear damage is increased at the local area of the elbow part in the concrete, displaying an apparent reinforced effect at the end of the fiber.     

Flexural Strength and Behavior of Polypropylene Fiber Reinforced Concrete Beams

The strength and deformation characteristics of polypropylene fiber reinforced concrete ( PFRC) beams were investigated by four-point bending procedures in this paper. Two kinds of polypropylene fibers with different fiber contents (0.2% , 0.5% , 1.0% and 1.5% ) by volume were used in, the beam, which measured 100 × 100 mm with a span of 300 mm. It was found that the strength of the reinforced concrete beams was significantly decreased, whereas the flexural toughness was improved, compared to those unreinforced concrete beams. Geometry properties and volume contents of polypropylene fiber were considered to be important factors for improving the flexural toughness. Moreover, the composite mechanism between polypropylene fiber and concrete was analyzed and discussed.     

Flexural Fatigue Behavior of Layered Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Concrete

In order to obtain the fatigue life of layered hybrid fiber reinforced concrete （LHFRC） at different stress levels, flexural fatigue tests were carried out on specimens. The relation between fatigue lives and stress levels was simulated using the two-parameter Weibull distribution. Furthermore, both single- logarithmic and double-logarithmic regressive equations of various reliabilities were derived. It is evident that LHFRC gets the advantage of longer fatigue life over common concrete.     

纺织废料再生纤维增强混凝土力学性能的研究

对纺织废地毯再生纤维增强混凝土的力学性能进行实验研究．结果表明，含量为2％的纺织废地毯再生纤维增强混凝土的抗压强力、抗剪切强力和抗弯曲强力等力学性能较普通混凝土有所提高；干燥收缩性以及由此引起的韧性及能量吸收性较普通混凝土均有较大改善．这种混凝土若能得到广泛使用，还可节约资源、保护环境．     

Dynamic mechanical behaviour of ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concretes

Ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concretes （UHPFRC） were prepared by replacing 60% of cement with ultra-fine industrial waste powder. The dynamic mechanical behaviour of UHPFRC with different fiber volume fraction was researched on repeated compressive impact in four kinds of impact modes through split Hopkinson pressure bar （SHPB）. The experimental results show that the peak stress and elastic modulus decrease and the strain rate and peak strain increase gradually with the increasing of impact times. The initial material damage increases and the peak stress of the specimen decreases from the second impact with the increasing of the initial incident wave. Standard strength on repeated impact is defined to compare the ability of resistance against repeated impact among different materials. The rate of reduction of standard strength is decreased by fiber reinforcement under repeated impact. The material damage is reduced and the ability of repeated impact resistance of UHPFRC is improved with the increasing of fiber volume fraction.