雷达稳定平台模糊PID串级控制设计与仿真

机载雷达稳定平台是根据陀螺仪采集到载机角速度信息,驱动直流伺服电机采用反向运动补偿原理工作,以保证机载雷达成像稳定,清晰。为了提高机载雷达稳定平台的响应性能和抗干扰能力,提出一种模糊PID串级控制方案,根据陀螺仪所采集的角速度信息和编码器反馈的角度位置信息,采用速度模糊PID控制和位置模糊PID控制串联的形式对直流伺服电机进行控制。经MATLAB仿真实验证明,模糊PID串级控制比传统单级PID控制以及传统PID串级控制具有更优秀的响应性能以及抗干扰能力,更加适合复杂环境下机载雷达稳定平台的稳定要求。     

基于智能检测的电梯限速器测试仪的设计开发

设计了电梯限速器测试仪.硬件电路以STC89C56RD单片机为核心,运用旋转编码器动态地跟踪限速器的速度,记录并在液晶显示器上显示动作速度,测试完毕后用通信接口向上位计算机传送检测数据.软件编程完成采集数据的计算、控制存储等功能.     

小值轴角编码器

本文提出一种轴角-交流-数字转换器--小值轴角编码器.它以电压比较式逐位编码原 理为基础,采用小值编码和符号位编码组成一种全角变数字的编码方案.它的角测元件是三 角波旋转变压器.因为三角波旋转变压器的特性是分段线性的,所以该编码器精度高,可靠 性高,线路简单,成本低.     

Sensor Fusion for Joint Kinematic Estimation in Serial Robots Using Encoder,Accelerometer and Gyroscope

Open-chain manipulator robots play an important role in the industry, since they are utilized in applications requiring precise motion. High-performance motion of a robot system mainly relies on adequate trajectory planning and the controller that coordinates the movement. The controller performance depends of both, the employed control law and the sensor feedback. Optical encoder feedback is the most used sensor for angular position estimation of each joint in the robot, since they feature accurate and low noise angular position measurements. However, it cannot detect mechanical imperfections and deformations common in open chain robots. Moreover, velocity and acceleration cannot be extracted from the encoder data without adding phase delays. Sensor fusion techniques are found to be a good solution for solving this problem. However, few works has been carried out in serial robots for kinematic estimation of angular position, velocity and acceleration, since the delays induced by the filtering techniques avoids its use as controller feedback. This work proposes a novel sensor-fusion-based feedback system capable of providing complete kinematic information from each joint in 4-degrees of freedom serial robot, with the contribution of a proposed methodology based on Kalman filtering for fusing the information from optical encoder, gyroscope and accelerometer appended to the robot. Calibration and experimentation are carried out for validating the proposal. The results are compared with another kinematic estimation technique finding that this proposal provides more information about the robot movement without adding state delays, which is important for being used as controller feedback.     

Stabilization of a 3D axially symmetric pendulum

Stabilizing controllers are developed for a 3D pendulum assuming that the pendulum has a single axis of symmetry and that the center of mass lies on the axis of symmetry. This assumption allows development of a reduced model that forms the basis for controller design and global closed-loop analysis; this reduced model is parameterized by the constant angular velocity component of the 3D pendulum about its axis of symmetry. Several different controllers are proposed. Controllers based on angular velocity feedback only, asymptotically stabilize the hanging equilibrium. Then controllers are introduced, based on angular velocity and reduced attitude feedback, that asymptotically stabilize either the hanging equilibrium or the inverted equilibrium. These problems can be viewed as stabilization of a Lagrange top. Finally, if the angular velocity about the axis of symmetry is assumed to be zero, controllers are introduced, based on angular velocity and reduced attitude feedback, that asymptotically stabilize either the hanging equilibrium or the inverted equilibrium. This problem can be viewed as stabilization of a spherical pendulum.     

光电轴角编码器在飞行仿真伺服系统中的应用

介绍了一种将光电轴角编码器用于飞行仿真伺服系统设计的新方案,并给出了系统的实现方法。阐述了光电轴角编码器的编码解算原理,研究设计了一种四倍频判向调理电路,飞行仿真伺服控制系统整体结构采用三闭环控制。实验测试结果表明:设计的光电轴角编码器及其四倍频判向调理方案的伺服系统具有控制精度高、稳定性好、鲁棒性强等优点。     

舵机转角精确测量系统的设计

针对电动舵机的角位置和角速度信息测试需求设计了一种基于光电编码器和DSP的全数字测量系统。首先根据需求确定传感器的选型指标,特别对其转动惯量提出量化要求以减小对舵机性能测试的影响,然后以DSP为核心设计测量系统的软硬件,实现了系统的功能配置和舵机偏转角度、角速度等多项运动信息的实时计算与显示,最后对影响系统测量精度的因素进行分析,并给出了系统的实现与测试方法。实验表明,系统角度测量精度达到0.05°,而且配置简单、信息量丰富、实时性好,满足对舵机角位置信息较高精度的测量需求。     

基于SOPC的工业大型吊车吊钩位置测量的设计

本文提出了应用FPGA和编码器实现基于SOPC的工业吊车吊钩的位置测量。该设计通过对于相关编码器输出信号的采集处理实现了对于吊钩垂直距离的测量,并且对于在应用实践中的问题进行了讨论。     

基于SOPC的工业大型吊车吊钩位置测量的设计

本文提出了应用FPGA和编码器实现基于SOPC的工业吊车吊钩的位置测量。该设计通过对于相关编码器输出信号的采集处理实现了对于吊钩垂直距离的测量,并且对于在应用实践中的问题进行了讨论。     

基于PC/104的光电码盘信号处理系统的设计

为了实现对码盘信号的读取及处理,研制了基于PC/104的1Vpp光电码盘信号处理系统.首先设计了I/O接口电路,实现了地址译码、数据读写控制等功能;其次开发了I/O接口库函数,实现了时IO端口的操作;然后用数学插值的方法对角位置误差进行补偿;最后实现了对多通道码盘信号的采集和后续处理.     

基于E6C2-C增量式编码器实现位置控制

介绍了E6C2编码器的特点,并结合可编程序控制器的高速计数模块重点阐述了如何利用增量式编码器实现位置的精确定位.     

Analysis of camera behavior during tracking

A camera is mounted on a moving robot and can rotate, relative to the robot, about two axes. We show how the optical flow field can be used to control the camera's motion to keep a target at the center of the camera's field of view, but that this is not always possible when the target lies close to the plane defined by the camera's two axes of rotation. When the target is held at the center of the camera's field of view, then the magnitude of the camera's angular velocity about one axis never exceeds the magnitude of the flow vector associated with the target, but the angular velocity about the other axis is dependent on the inverse distance of the target from this axis, and hence can become large as this distance becomes small. Situations, where the magnitudes of the camera's angular velocity and acceleration become large, are considered in the special case where the relative motion between the robot and its environment is purely translational. The tracking strategy is experimentally evaluated using computer-generated optical flow fields     

Coding Scheme Based on Boundary Functions for Distributed System with Finite Channel Data Rates and Packet Dropouts

This paper considers discrete linear systems with multiple distributed sensors that are connected to one controller via channels of finite data rate. Each encoder has access to only one component of the current system output vector. By the proposed boundary function method, a condition expressed in terms of output feedback gain matrix, the parameters of boundary functions, and the channel data rates is given to guarantee the convergence of the state in the case of reliable channels. Then, we extend the result to the case of erasure channels.     

Encoder based online motion planning and feedback control of redundant manipulators

This paper proposes and investigates an online motion planning and feedback control (OMPFC) scheme for redundant manipulators via techniques of quadratic programming and rotary encoder. The proposed OMPFC scheme is performed on a planar six degrees-of-freedom (DOF) manipulator. This robotic scheme incorporates the feedback of task-space position error. The joint state is obtained in real time via rotary encoders equipped on the physical manipulator. The original scheme is finally reformulated as a unified quadratic program (QP). The QP is solved online during the joint motion by employing an efficient numerical algorithm. Simulation and experimental results validate the physical realizability, online property, and efficacy of the proposed OMPFC scheme (including the employed numerical algorithm).     

差频式悬浮轴振动测量传感器的设计

提出了一种新的悬浮轴振动测量传感器,它由导电介质电容传感器和反射式光电编码器构成组合传感器,振荡器和差频计数器构成信号处理电路,并利用角度等分采样和单片机控制实现振动位移测量功能。重点阐述了传感器各组成环节的设计思路与参数确定,给出了实验数据;介绍了利用反射式光电编码器实现等转角采样,还可以用于悬浮轴的转角、转速等其他参数的测量,实现了差频计数器被测频率信号与采样控制信号之间的同步锁定功能,消减了计数误差,提高了测量精度。     

标校系统两轴电视跟踪转台伺服控制系统研究

根据标校系统两轴电视跟踪转台的性能指标要求,采用光电编码器构成转轴的角位置反馈及角速度反馈;脉宽调制功放和直流力矩电机构成系统的执行机构;采用电流环、速率环、位置环三闭环的控制策略,基于TMS320VC6713 DSP芯片设计了全数字模糊PID控制算法,实现了电视跟踪转台伺服系统的低速和高精度定位.     

基于MIMU的输电线路运动监测技术

在分析当前输电线运动监测技术优缺点的基础上,提出一种基于MIMU的输电线路运动监测技术.采集MIMU时间序列信号建立ARMA模型,对比力和角速度信号进行Kalman滤波处理;由于平动和转动的幅值是由比力和角速度积分所得,以各轴比力平方和与角速度平方作为衡量输电线平动和转动幅度的标准,并对数据进行分段,通过计算数据段间的欧式相似度衡量数据的变异程度来评估输电线平动和转动的幅度及变化趋势,对测得加速度和角速度做FFT变换得出运动频率.为验证运动监测技术,设计转台摇摆模拟输电线3种不同幅值运动,将数据进行上述算法处理,结果表明,估计出的平动和转动幅度趋势和幅值变化相同,且精确识别施加的频率为2Hz.实验室条件下,搭建的模拟系统正常工作.     

基于DSP的光电编码器角度测量

用数字信号处理器（DSP）和现场可编程逻辑门阵列（FPGA）,设计光电编码器解码电路,实现增量式光电编码器信号的细分、辨向、角位移测量和方便的数据输出接口。通过仿真和工程实践证明,该设计具有可靠性高,电路简单,测量数据实时性好,精度高等优点。     

基于六加速度计的陀螺仪漂移补偿算法的研究

为满足机动无人机姿态测量的需求,尝试了一种新的陀螺仪漂移补偿方案：对6只加速度计按回转轴对称布局,从而解算出角速度;并利用Kalman滤波对该解算角速度与陀螺仪的输出进行融合,通过反馈校正来实现对陀螺仪漂移的补偿。仿真结果证明：该方案能有效补偿陀螺仪漂移,具有一定工程应用价值。     

Design and application of a hybrid alignment platform for a double-sided hot embossing process

Hot embossing is a novel technique for the cost-effective production of micro-parts. Misalignment between the top and bottom surfaces of a product that has double-sided microstructures reduces its functions. Most solutions involve repairing or reproducing the embossing mold, which increases the cost for the molding process. This study proposes a hybrid alignment platform that allows accurate positioning and angular alignment for the embossing processes. The hybrid alignment platform includes two units. The upper unit allows angular adjustment using a precision rotary table. The lower unit allows positional adjustment using two orthogonal micrometers. Calibration tests are conducted for a series of adjustment steps along the X, Y and C axis. Only one alignment step is necessary for each axis. The alignment platform allows rapid positioning and increases replicability. The hybrid mold adjustment platform is used to resolve a problem with gear misalignment and the problem of eccentricity in the production of micro-gears is effectively resolved.