非线性迭代PLS信息模式识别算法

对偏最小二乘(PLS)回归的基本方法进行了分析研究,提出了基于非线性迭代偏最小二乘(NIPLS)的信息模式识别算法。该算法实现了模式识别中特征提取与分类器设计的有机结合。NIPLS较Fisher判别分析、Bayes判别分析等经典的模式识别算法,具有更强的信息识别能力,且对数据本身的分布要求不高,尤其对于多重共线性资料或解释变量多而样本数量少时更为有效。将该算法应用于土地质量的分类识别,结果表明,该文所建立的算法是有效的、可靠的。     

基于偏最小二乘回归的鲁棒性特征选择与分类算法

提出一种基于偏最小二乘回归的鲁棒性特征选择与分类算法（RFSC-PLSR）用于解决特征选择中特征之间的冗余和多重共线性问题。首先,定义一个基于邻域估计的样本类一致性系数;然后,根据不同k近邻（kNN）操作筛选出局部类分布结构稳定的保守样本,用其建立偏最小二乘回归模型,进行鲁棒性特征选择;最后,在全局结构角度上,用类一致性系数和所有样本的优选特征子集建立偏最小二乘分类模型。从UCI数据库中选择了5个不同维度的数据集进行数值实验,实验结果表明,与支持向量机（SVM）、朴素贝叶斯（NB）、BP神经网络（BPNN）和Logistic回归（LR）四种典型的分类器相比,RFSC-PLSR在低维、中维、高维等不同情况下,分类准确率、鲁棒性和计算效率三种性能上均表现出较强的竞争力。     

局部惩罚加权核偏最小二乘算法及其应用

为改善软测量模型精度,提出了一种局部惩罚加权核偏最小二乘算法.该方法通过核映射将原始输入映射到高维特征空间实现对非线性问题的线性化处理,并通过偏最小二乘算法进行主成分提取,降低数据维数;对由主成分构成的新数据集,依据局部学习思想构建局部惩罚加权最小二采回归模型,降低模型对异常数据的敏感度、优化模型参数.鉴于多模型可以改...     

融入深度学习的偏最小二乘优化方法

偏最小二乘在多元变量分析中得到了广泛的应用。但偏最小二乘方法内部采用主成分分析,不能充分表达数据的非线性特征,对非线性数据的预测精度较低。提出了一种融入深度学习的偏最小二乘优化方法,该方法利用深度学习的稀疏自编码器对特征空间提取非线性结构,将提取的特征成分取代偏最小二乘中的成分,从而形成能适应非线性的模型。分别采用大承气汤、麻杏石甘汤、葛根芩连汤和UCI数据集的数据进行分析处理,实验结果表明,融入深度学习的偏最小二乘优化方法能较好反映中医药数据的特征。     

融合随机森林的偏最小二乘法及其中医药数据分析

偏最小二乘方法在多元线性回归建模中存在着诸多优势,但其本质还是线性回归,难以满足中医药非线性的特性。而随机森林构建的回归模型是由多个多元线性片段构成,对非线性数据有良好的拟合效果。本文提出了一种融合随机森林的偏最小二乘方法,该方法主要是利用PLS不断提取主成分并累计,利用随机森林算法将这些主成分分别与原始被解释变量不断构建多棵决策树,直到满足精度条件为止。分别采用麻杏石甘汤君药止咳、平喘和UCI数据集的数据进行分析处理,实验结果表明,融合随机森林的偏最小二乘分析方法对中医药数据有很好的适应性。     

融入受限玻尔兹曼机的偏最小二乘优化方法

偏最小二乘法内部采用主成分分析,不能充分表达数据的非线性特征,对非线性数据的预测精度较低。为此,提出一种融合受限玻尔兹曼机与偏最小二乘的分析预测方法。该方法利用受限玻尔兹曼机对特征空间提取非线性结构,将提取的特征成分取代偏最小二乘中的成分,从而得到适应非线性的模型。实验结果表明,融合受限玻尔兹曼机与偏最小二乘法的分析方法能较好地反映数据的非线性特征。     

用于特征筛选的最近邻（KNN）法

把基于分类的最近邻（KNN）算法用于模式识别的特征筛选过程,并与传统的基于线性分析的模式识别特征筛选方法主成分回归（PCA）、偏最小二乘法（PLS）和K＿W检验等做比较,证明KNN方法对包容型数据的特征变量筛选尤其有效。为包容型数据的特征筛选提供了一种有力的工具。     

基于偏最小二乘法与支持向量机的人脸识别

该文认为在人脸识别中,偏最小二乘回归方法作为一种新的降维方法,在处理小样本问题时具有明显优势,而主元分析方法作为一种传统的降维方法在选择分量时没有考虑类信息,因而有可能忽略掉重要的分类信息。支持向量机（SVM）模式识别方法具备良好的分类性能和鲁棒性。该文提出了一种基于偏最小二乘与支持向量机的人脸识别方法。利用偏最小二乘回归分析对人脸图像进行降维和特征提取,再利用支持向量机对特征向量进行分类识别。ORL人脸库的仿真结果证明偏最小二乘回归方法比主元分析方法更有效。     

基于奇异值分解-偏最小二乘回归的多标签分类算法

针对多标签数据的标签相关性和高维问题,提出一种基于奇异值分解-偏最小二乘回归的多标签分类算法,该算法可以对多标签数据进行维数约简和回归分析。首先,将类别标签集合作为整体处理,对标签相关性进行考察; 其次,利用奇异值分解(SVD)技术得到样本和标签空间的得分向量,实施降维; 最后,在偏最小二乘回归(PLSR)的基础上构建多标签分类模型。实验结果表明,在四种维数较高的真实数据集上,该算法可以获得有效的分类结果。     

偏最小二乘判别分析结合F-score用于蛋白质组学质谱数据的特征筛选(英文)

提出了一种基于偏最小二乘判别分析和F-score的特征筛选方法,并将其用于蛋白质组学质谱数据分析。该方法主要包含3个步骤:(1)用LIMPIC算法对原始数据进行预处理;(2)计算每个变量的F-score值并将所有变量按F-score值降底的顺序排列;(3)采用偏最小二乘判别分析交互检验按前向选择法选择最佳变量子集。用本方法对一组结肠癌数据进行分析,最终从原始的16331个质荷比变量中选择了8个特征质荷比作为潜在的生物标记物。用所选择的特征对独立测试集的样本进行判别,其灵敏度和特异性分别达到了95.24%和100%。结果表明,所提出的方法可用于蛋白质组学质谱数据的特征筛选及样本分类。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。