Simulation-Based Analysis of Dielectrophoretic Field Flow Fractionation Devices

Simulation of microfluidic devices is very difficult due to the interaction and coupling between multiple energy domains. This article presents an innovative technique to simulate dielectrophoretic forces and laminar flows in microfluidic devices. Lab-on-a-chip systems, or biochips, are one of the fastest growing sectors in the life sciences industry. These systems employ miniaturization of biological separation and assay techniques to enable multiple, complex analyses on a single chip. Separation of micron-sized particles and cells is critical in many biochemical-analysis and high-throughput-screening applications. Field flow fractionation (FFF) using dielectrophoresis (DEP) is fast becoming an established methodology for sorting and manipulating particles and cells.     

铁电层状微结构材料的力电耦合场参数模拟

根据层状微结构材料的特性 ,给出层片电介质材料的力电边界条件 ;推导在外加力电载荷下 ,铁电单元体的力电响应关系以及其组成的各层材料的局部力电场 ,得到其解析解 ;计算不同铁电层体积分数和相对弹性模量情况下 ,对材料宏观载荷场的响应。随着铁电层体积分数的减小 ,电位移和应变响应的幅度都随着减小 ,而材料弹性模量的改变对材料的铁电性的影响相对较小 ,影响不显著     

集成于微型飞行器机翼上的流场传感器测量系统研究

阐述了热式流场传感器测量微型飞行器(MAVs)飞行参数的基本原理,介绍了流场传感器阵列在翼表流场测量中的应用.选用薄膜热敏电阻作为流场传感器敏感元件,采用恒温工作方式实现传感系统的测量.通过小型风洞试验,对传感器阵列进行了测试,并运用最小二乘法进行模型辨识.实验结果表明,所采用的流场传感器阵列可实现对风速测量,测量范围为2m/s～12m/s,测量精度为1m/s;对迎角的测量范围为0°～20°,测量精度为1°;对侧滑角的测量范围为-16°～18°,测量精度为1°.基本满足微型飞行器翼表流场的使用需要.     

带炮口装置时某火炮膛口流场数值仿真

研究炮口装置能控制火药气体从膛口流出后的流动状态,可以改变身管受力及膛口流场射流结构分布状况,对火炮武器系统性能有重要影响。为研究某新型炮口装置性能及其对弹丸运动影响问题,提高精度,采用计算流体力学结合动网格技术,建立了包含炮口装置和运动弹丸的膛口流场数值仿真模型,利用轴对称Euler方程组和有限体积法(FVM),对带炮口装置的某火炮膛口流场进行了数值仿真。仿真结果反映了带炮口装置时膛口流场发展过程及射流结构的主要特征。根据数值仿真结果分析了膛口流场对弹丸受力状况及运动状态的影响。仿真结果表明某新型炮口装置对膛口流场结构有较大影响,并会影响弹丸出炮口后运动状态,从而影响火炮射击精度。     

核域多重分形谱感知的流识别与分类

关于流识别与分类,目前主流的技术是基于统计学方法,核心环节是提取有效的特征属性集。这种方法的假设条件是,特征互不相关,数据也互不相关。正因为这种假设的不合理性,使得分类效果和识别性能有限。虽然已经有很多研究在集中解决特征相关性问题,但数据相关性却难以突破。因此引入以数据相关性为核心的多重分形理论,在此基础上形成流的分形估计谱,并用相关理论检验其正确性,然后在定义的核域内基于灰色关联度进行谱分析,继而脱离特征提取过程实现流的分类识别,最后通过系列实验体现该方法在未知流分类、在线分类等方面的实际效果。     

有冲击的受限通道内流场的数值仿真

采用数值模拟的方法对简化后的涡轮叶片冷气通道进行了数值模拟,着重研究端壁对有错排射流冲击的冷气通道的影响.结果表明:通道内的横流把射流推向下游并阻止其冲击到靶面,横流作用对通道下游流场有很大影响;射流的冲击反卷和诱导作用在射流两侧形成方向相反的漩涡,漩涡把靶面部分高速区卷到左右侧壁,甚至达到射流孔板附近,产生较大的速度梯度;上游横流作用使射流下游形成低速区,随着横流的发展低速区逐渐减小,并向射流孔板方向偏移.     

雷诺应力模型对旋流器内流场的数值模拟

深入研究了液-液水力旋流器的流动机理和分散油相的流动特点及处理方法，用计算流体动力学（CFD）的数值方法，采用雷诺应力（RSM）模型对油水分离旋流器的内部流场进行了数值模拟。分析了旋流器内部的体积浓度分布，压力分布，以及切向、轴向和径向速度分布的规律，揭示了油水两相流的分离特性。并且在不同流量下，计算出了旋流器的流量一效率曲线，计算结果与实验数据吻合较好，从而说明该湍流模型和数值算法的可靠性，同时也为进一步研究水力旋流器的分离机理、流场特性以及结构优化设计提供了一条有效的途径。     

现场服务型标准表法气体流量标准装置的研制

针对目前气体流量计检测送检时间长,实验室检测工况与流量计实际使用工况不同造成误差扩大等问题,设计了移动式、单元化的现场服务型标准表法气体流量标准装置;介绍了该装置的工作原理,装置硬件的选型以及结构;工控机通过Modbus控制变频器与风机形成稳定的负压源,并通过电流与频率采集模块采集标准表,被检表及相应温度压力传感器的数据;软件通过虚拟仪器技术使用LabWindows/CVI设计了简单易用的程序;通过分析装置的不确定度,稳定性及进行传递比较法的验证,证实了这种现场服务型标准表法气体流量标准装置可应用于现场的气体流量计的检定;节省了送检时间,提高了企业设备使用效率。     

某型燃气轮机等离子强化燃烧三维仿真研究

为对某型燃气轮机燃烧室性能进行预估,以提供燃烧室优化设计和试验定型的理论依据,对某型燃气轮机燃烧室等离子强化燃烧流场进行了三维仿真。网格在曲线贴体坐标系下进行非结构化划分,湍流模型采用RNG模型,压力一速度耦合的求解采用SIMPLEC算法,得到了燃烧室流场的点火时间、火焰筒壁面温度及流场温度分布、速度分布和物质分布等情况。仿真结果表明,某型燃气轮机的设计基本满足性能要求,但存在一些问题需要在进一步的工作中改进提高。     

考虑人体散热的轿车座舱内流场数值仿真研究

研究提高轿车热舒适性,汽车座舱空气的对流和人员体温,都会影响舒适度,有必要在开发前期,用数值方法对轿车座舱内流场进行仿真.根据雷诺平均的方法,应用RNGc-E湍流模型,为了控制舱内舒适性能,采用分区域划分网格的方法,对座舱内空气三维流场和温度场进行了数值仿真研究.引入人体模型,考虑车内人体散热对座舱内环境的影响,建立了轿车座舱舒适性研究的模型.给出了座舱内不同位置的速度分布和温度云图,分析了空调给风角度、空调给风口位置以及空调回风口位置对座舱内气流组织及温度场的影响.结果表明,采用前-中给风的给风口布置和后回风形式以及上攻角的给风口设计,均可以提高轿车座舱内乘员的热舒适性.     

Flow shop scheduling with blocking using modified harmony search algorithm with neighboring heuristics methods

The flow shop scheduling with blocking is considered an important scheduling problem which has many real-world applications. This paper proposes a new algorithm which applies heuristic techniques in harmony search algorithm (HSA) to minimize the total flow time. The proposed method is called modified harmony search algorithm with neighboring heuristics methods (MHSNH). To improve the initial harmony memory, we apply two heuristic techniques: nearest neighbor (NN) and constructive modified NEH (MNEH). A modified version of harmony search algorithm evolves to explore and generates a new solution. The newly generated solution is then enhanced by using neighboring heuristics. Lastly, another neighboring heuristic is applied to improve the obtained solution. The proposed algorithm is evaluated using 12 real-world problem instances each with 10 samples. The experimental evaluation is accomplished using two factors: CPU computational time and the number of iterations. For the first factor, comparative evaluation against six well-established methods shows that the proposed method achieves almost the best overall results in six problem instances out of the twelve and yields fruitful results for others. For the second factor, comparative evaluation against twelve well-regarded methods shows that the proposed method achieves the best overall results in three problem instances and obtains very good results in other instances. In a nutshell, the proposed MHSNH is an effective strategy for solving the job shop scheduling problem.     

Flow rate-insensitive microparticle separation and filtration using a microchannel with arc-shaped groove arrays

Inertial microfluidics can separate microparticles in a continuous and high-throughput manner, and is very promising for a wide range of industrial, biomedical and clinical applications. However, most of the proposed inertial microfluidic devices only work effectively at a limited and narrow flow rate range because the performance of inertial particle focusing and separation is normally very sensitive to the flow rate (Reynolds number). In this work, an innovative particle separation method is proposed and developed by taking advantage of the secondary flow and particle inertial lift force in a straight channel (AR = 0.2) with arc-shaped groove arrays patterned on the channel top surface. Through the simulation results achieved, it can be found that a secondary flow is induced within the cross section of the microchannel and guides different-size particles to the corresponding equilibrium positions. On the other hand, the effects of the particle size, flow rate and particle concentration on particle focusing and separation quality were experimentally investigated. In the experiments, the performance of particle focusing, however, was found relatively insensitive to the variation of flow rate. According to this, a separation of 4.8 and 13 µm particle suspensions was designed and successfully achieved in the proposed microchannel, and the results show that a qualified particle separation can be achieved at a wide range of flow rate. This flow rate-insensitive microfluidic separation (filtration) method is able to potentially serve as a reliable biosample preparation processing step for downstream bioassays.     

四十相程控LED灯源控制系统的开发与应用

文章介绍了一种五环八区块的四十相程控LED灯源控制系统及其在影像仪中的应用;首先介绍了灯源的基本结构和五环八区块的灯源控制方式的定义,然后针对控制的功能需求设计开发了灯源电气控制电路,针对控制电路对应的硬件环境,我们在C++build-er环境中实现了对应的程控软件开发,并把它结合到了视觉测量软件的自动功能中,最后介绍了该款新型灯源在图像精密测量中的应用案例,结果表明该灯源的多角度照明和多组合方式提升了影像仪的测量性能。     

Estimating multidimensional probability fields using the Field Estimator for Arbitrary Spaces (FiEstAS) with applications to astrophysics

The Field Estimator for Arbitrary Spaces (FiEstAS) computes the continuous probability density field underlying a given discrete data sample in multiple, non-commensurate dimensions. The algorithm works by constructing a metric-independent tessellation of the data space based on a recursive binary splitting. Individual, data-driven bandwidths are assigned to each point, scaled so that a constant “mass” M₀ is enclosed. Kernel density estimation may then be performed for different kernel shapes, and a combination of balloon and sample point estimators is proposed as a compromise between resolution and variance. A bias correction is evaluated for the particular (yet common) case where the density is computed exactly at the locations of the data points rather than at an uncorrelated set of locations. By default, the algorithm combines a top-hat kernel with M₀=2.0 with the balloon estimator and applies the corresponding bias correction. These settings are shown to yield reasonable results for a simple test case, a two-dimensional ring, that illustrates the performance for oblique distributions, as well as for a six-dimensional Hernquist sphere, a fairly realistic model of the dynamical structure of stellar bulges in galaxies and dark matter haloes in cosmological N-body simulations. Results for different parameter settings are discussed in order to provide a guideline to select an optimal configuration in other cases. Source code is available upon request.