多域光网络中基于优先级的波长路由分配算法

本文提出一种在多域光网络中基于优先级的路由波长分配算法.算法设计旨在解决复杂网络拓扑下,多任务请求路由波长分配问题.本文首先根据复杂网络拓扑情况与任务请求状况,完成多域的划分,对跨域任务的最短路由进行路由分裂;其次依据域内与域间优先级设定策略,完成多任务请求优先级设定;按照优先级顺序,采用模糊优化波长分配算法完成波长分配.仿真结果表明本算法在处理复杂网络拓扑、多任务路由波长分配问题上效果明显,有效的降低了网络请求阻塞率,提高了光网络资源利用率.     

WDM网络中一种支持优先级的波长分配算法

有效的算法能大大的提高波长利用率,文中研究了WDM光网络在固定路由无波长转换条件下的波长分配算法,以便充分挖掘WDM网络的带宽资源。提出了一种基于RLI并考虑通道优先级的波长分配算法,并给出了该算法的具体实现步骤。最后的仿真结果表明,与RLI算法相比该算法显著的降低了网络的阻塞率,有利于提高网络资源的利用率。     

基于强化学习的光传送网路由波长优化

针对光传送网中动态业务的路由和波长问题,提出一种基于强化学习的深度路由波长分配算法DeepRWA。算法基于软件定义网络架构,通过强化学习灵活地调整控制光传送网,实现光网络路由波长分配策略优化。针对路由选择问题,结合链路上的波长使用情况,使用A3C算法选择合适的路由,使得阻塞率最小;针对波长分配问题,使用首次命中算法选择波长。考虑阻塞率、资源利用率、策略熵、价值损失、运行时间及收敛速度等多个指标,利用14节点NSFNET网络拓扑仿真实验。结果表明:当信道中包含18个波长时,与传统KSP-FF算法相比,所提出的路由波长分配算法的阻塞率降低了0.06,资源利用率提高了0.02,但运行时间有增加;在波长数超过45以后,与传统KSP-FF算法相比,所提算法保持阻塞率和资源利用率的同时,运行时间开始降低;当信道中包含波长数为58时,与传统KSP-FF算法相比,所提算法运行时间减少了0.07 ms。由此可见,提出的算法使路由选择和波长分配得到了优化。     

WDM网络中支持优先级的波长分配算法

本文提出了一种在WDM网络中支持优先级的波长分配算法,通过计算相对容量损失,力图在对较高优先级光路建立请求进行波长分配时,找到对较优先级请求影响最小的波长分配方案,这样,该算法既保证了较高优先级光路建立请求具有较低的阻塞率,同时又对较低优先级请求进行了优化,从而改善了全网的平均阻塞率。文中给出了计算机仿真结果。     

基于精英蚂蚁算法的动态路由和波长分配研究

为了更有效地解决密集波分复用光网络中动态路由和波长分配问题,提高光网络中资源利用率,该文提出了一种基于精英策略蚂蚁系统算法的动态路由和波长分配问题的解决方法。在仿真中通过将精英策略蚂蚁算法应用到经典的美国国家科学基金会网络中,动态地完成路由和波长的分配。仿真结果表明,精英策略蚂蚁算法能够降低网络阻塞率,有效提高密集波分复用光网络的带宽资源利用率,并且随着波长数目或者网络负载的不断增加,这种优势更加明显。     

基于优先级的波长路由算法的计算机仿真

提出了一种基于优先级的波长路由和分配策略。对NSF网络的仿真结果表明，本模型比随机和顺序波长选择的策略具有更优的网络性能，最小的网络阻塞率；当网络负载较低时，波长变化器的使用可以降低网络的阻塞率。     

ASON中基于传输损伤的RWA算法研究

路由和波长分配(RWA)算法是ASON中的一个关键问题.由于信号传输过程中存在传输损伤,这将会影响到不同连接请求的公平性.对现有算法进行研究,提出了一种改进算法,在保证公平性的同时,尽量降低网络的阻塞率.仿真表明该算法能有效的降低阻塞,提高资源利用率.     

卫星光网络中基于DQN的匹配度感知波长路由算法

为了进一步降低卫星光网络的业务阻塞率,提出了一种基于深度Q网络(DQN)的匹配度感知波长路由算法。该算法首先设计了路径波长匹配度因子,用以反映当前路径与下一跳节点之间链路的共同空闲波长情况。随后,算法综合考虑了路径波长匹配度、相邻链路时延以及下一跳节点到目的节点的最短跳数等多个因素,以此为基础来构造奖励函数。在分配波长时,为了后续业务请求在相邻链路上有更多的空闲波长,设计了相邻链路波长匹配度指标,用于描述该路径与其相邻链路之间的空闲波长对齐情况。仿真结果表明,该算法可以降低网络阻塞率和时延,提高波长利用率。     

WDM光传送网中支持优先级的波长分配算法

文中提出了一种用于WDM光传送网的支持优先级的波长分配算法－动态门限法,该算法保证了较高优先级的光路建立请求具有较低的阻塞率,同时又考虑到较低优先级的光路建立请求的性能优化,从而很好地降低了全网的平均阻塞率。文中给出了计算机仿结果。     

基于深度强化学习的C+L波段弹性光网络频谱分配算法

针对C+L波段弹性光网络中受激喇曼散射(SRS)效应导致物理层损伤加剧的问题,提出一种基于深度强化学习(DRL)自适应调制格式的频谱分配算法,在路由阶段,采用K最短路由算法为业务请求预计算K条最短备选路径;在波段、调制格式与频谱分配阶段,采用DRL进行智能化决策,并结合了2种奖励函数,以降低网络阻塞率并提高频谱使用效率。仿真结果表明,该算法能够有效降低阻塞率并提高频谱利用率。     

Quality of service aware fuzzy dynamic routing and wavelength assignment technique in all optical networks

In this paper, a novel fuzzy dynamic routing and wavelength assignment technique is proposed for a wavelength division multiplexing optical network to achieve the best quality of network transmission. This paper proposes a novel quality of service aware fuzzy logic controlled dynamic routing and wavelength assignment algorithm (QoS-FDRWA), where the optimum path is chosen by a fuzzy rule-based inference system. The proposed fuzzy routing technique incorporates optical network transmission attributes such as latency, physical length of the link, data packet loss, number of hops, and wavelength availability status in the path.     

Binary quadratic programming formulation for routing and wavelength assignment problem in all-optical WDM networks

Routing and wavelength assignment (RWA) is the most concern in wavelength routed optical networks. This paper proposes a novel binary quadratic programming (BQP) formulation for the static RWA problem in order to balance traffic load among a network links more fairly. Subsequently, a greedy heuristic algorithm namely variable-weight routing and wavelength assignment (VW-RWA) is proposed to solve the developed BQP problem. In this method, the weight of a link is proportional to the link congestion. Performance evaluation results for different practical network topologies show that our proposed algorithm can decrease the number of required wavelengths in the network, blocking rate and variance of used wavelengths in each link. Besides, it is shown that the number of required wavelengths to establish call requests for a given network topology can be reduced at lower cost compared to other heuristics.     

一种公平的多优先级WDM光网络波长分配算法

文章研究了波分复用(WDM)光网络中动态业务下的波长分配问题,在无波长转换器的条件下,提出了一种加入了公平性考虑的动态门限算法.该算法在支持多优先级的动态门限法的基础上,通过更新初始优先级减少了不同距离光路连接请求间的阻塞率差别,改善了公平性.计算机仿真结果说明了该算法的有效性.     

Cost Effective Shared Path Protection for WDM Optical Mesh Networks with Partial Wavelength Conversion

In this paper, we study routing and wavelength assignment of connection requests in survivable WDM optical mesh networks employing shared path protection with partial wavelength conversion while 100% restorability is guaranteed against any single failures. We formulate the problem as a linear integer program under a static traffic model. The objective is to minimize the total cost of wavelength-links and wavelength converters used by working paths and protection paths of all connections. A weight factor is used which is defined as the cost ratio of a wavelength converter and a wavelength-link. Depending on the relative cost of bandwidth and wavelength conversion, the optimization objective allows a proper tradeoff between the two. The proposed algorithm, the shortest-widest-path-first (SWPF) algorithm, uses a modified Dijkstra's algorithm to find a working path and a protection path for each connection request in the wavelength graph transformed from the original network topology. When there are multiple candidate paths that have the same minimum total cost, the path along which the maximum number of converters used at each node is minimized is chosen by the SWPF algorithm. We have evaluated the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm via extensive simulation. The results indicate that the performance of the proposed algorithm is very close to that of the optimal solutions obtained by solving the ILP formulation and outperforms existing heuristic algorithms in terms of total number of converters used and the maximum number of converters required at each node in the network. The proposed algorithm also achieves slightly better performance in terms of total cost of wavelength-links and converters used by all connections. We also investigated shared path protection employing converter sharing. The results show that the technique can reduce not only the total number of converters used in the network but also the maximum number of converters required at each node, especially when a large number of converters are needed in the network. In this study, although the ILP formulation is based on static traffic, the proposed algorithm is also applicable to routing dynamic connection requests.     

A Bandwidth Guaranteed Integrated Routing Algorithm in IP over WDM Optical Networks

In this paper, we have developed an integrated online algorithm for dynamic routing of bandwidth guaranteed label switched paths (LSPs) in IP-over-WDM optical networks. Traditionally, routing at an upper layer (e.g., IP layer) is independent of wavelength routing at the optical layer. Wavelength routing at the optical layer sets up a quasi-static logical topology which is then used at the IP layer for IP routing. The coarse-grain wavelength channels and the pre-determined virtual topologies with respect to some a priori assumed traffic distribution are barriers to efficient resource use and inflexible to changing traffic. We take into account the combined knowledge of resource and topology information at both IP and optical layers. With this added knowledge, an integrated routing approach may extract better network efficiencies, be more robust to changing traffic patterns at the IP layer than schemes that either use dynamic routing information at the IP layer or use a static wavelength topology only. LSP set-up requests are represented in terms of a pair of ingress and egress routers as well as its bandwidth requirement, and arrive one-by-one. There is no a priori knowledge regarding the arrivals and characteristics of future LSP set-up requests. Our proposed algorithm considers not only the importance of critical links, but also their relative importance to routing potential future LSP set-up requests by characterizing their normalized bandwidth contribution to routing future LSP requests with bandwidth requirements. Moreover, link residual bandwidth information that captures the link's capability of routing future LSPs is also incorporated into route calculation. Extensive simulation was conducted to study the performance of our proposed algorithm and to compare it with some existing ones, such as the integrated minimum hop routing algorithm and the maximum open capacity routing algorithm. Simulation results show that our proposed algorithm performs better than both routing algorithms in terms of the number of LSP set-up requests rejected and the total available bandwidth between router pairs.     

Virtual-node-based multicast routing and wavelength assignment in sparse-splitting optical networks

This paper investigates several problems associated with optical multicast routing and wavelength assignment in sparse-splitting optical networks for interactive real-time media distribution. Unfortunately, the constrained multicast routing with optimized wavelength assignment leads to NP-complete condition. Thus, in this paper, a virtual-node-based multicast routing algorithm is first proposed to satisfy the requirements of interactive real-time multicasting as well as the constraints from underlying optical networks. For the constructed multicast tree, we then associate an effective wavelength assignment algorithm. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm combination performs well in terms of (1) the wavelength channel cost, (2) the maximum variation of inter-destination node delays, (3) the signal quality, and (4) the number of wavelength conversions.     

一种新型的动态路由和波长分配算法

本文讨论了WDM光网中，在动态业务流量和有限范围波长变换情况下的动态路由和波长分配（RWA）问题，基于Moone-Dijkstra算法，考虑到动态波长变换的可能和限制，提出了一种新型的、可实现动态最小代价路由和最佳虚波长通道的综合启发式算法（DMC－OVMP）。该算法对路由子问题和波长分配子问题既相互独立，又相互结合，优化了RWA，保证了网络信息传输的安全性。对中国教育和科研计算机网（CERNET）基于本算法进行了计算机仿真，实现了低的网络阻塞率。     

一种稀疏分光配置约束下的WDM网络多播RWA算法

在波长路由WDM网络中,波长路由和波长分配是RWA算法提高光网络阻塞性能的两个重要阶段和关键技术。文章针对现有的稀疏分光配置约束下的光网络多播RWA算法复杂度高、代价高的问题,提出了一种新的稀疏分光器配置的RWA多播算法。该算法摒弃传统RWA算法在波长路由阶段就考虑稀疏分光约束能力的惯性思维,论文首次提出在波长分配阶段,才通过多播长转换器实现满足稀疏分光约束条件的分光能力传递。仿真结果表明,所提算法在平均代价和所需波长数目方面都获得了较优的性能。