用于LTE频段的低噪声放大器的仿真与设计

采用场效应晶体管ATF541M4设计了一个工作于LTE第38频段（2570MHz-2620MHz）的低噪声放大器。首先介绍设计低噪声放大器的理论基础,其次在ADS中进行仿真,最后将仿真结果与实测结果进行对比,得出结论。实测结果表明,该低噪声放大器在指定频率范围内噪声系数小于ldB,增益大于13dB,带内波动小于±0．25dB。     

一种适用于5G通信的分布式低噪声放大器

宽带低噪声放大器是5G无线通信系统中的关键模块。针对6 GHz以下5G通信应用频段,基于65 nm CMOS工艺,设计了一种三级均匀分布式宽带低噪声放大器。在增益单元电路中,采用噪声抵消技术降低了噪声,同时实现了信号的单转双变换,并通过电流复用技术提升了增益。栅极人工传输线的终端采用了RL型负载,进一步改善了放大器的噪声性能。仿真结果表明,该分布式低噪声放大器的带宽为0.5~5.7 GHz,带内增益达到24.2 dB,噪声系数低于4.5 dB,而最小噪声系数仅为2.7 dB。     

S波段小型化宽带低噪声放大器的设计

采用软件计算微带平面电感,描述了一款基于薄膜工艺的小型化宽带低噪声放大器的设计和性能。测试结果表明:在2.7～3.5 GHz的频段内,低噪声放大器的噪声系数小于等于0.55 dB,增益大于等于33 dB,增益平坦度小于等于±0.1 dB;在2～4 GHz的频段内,低噪声放大器的噪声系数小于等于0.65 dB,增益大于等于33 dB,增益平坦度小于等于±0.8 dB;尺寸为6.0 mm×4.2 mm。     

混合集成双频段低噪声放大器的设计

本文主要讨论双频段微波低噪声放大器的设计技术,介绍实现双频段的设计方法及工艺和制作方法.利用这些方法,我们在850±120MHz和3000±120MHz二个频段上实现了低噪声放大.其主要技术指标如下:增益40dB±1dB,噪声系数N_F<1.5,输入驻波比ρ≤2.0,输出驻波比ρ≤1.5.     

宽带CMOS低噪声放大器的设计

文章主要介绍应用于集群接收机系统的350MHz～470MHz低噪声放大器,采用0.6μm CMOS工艺。探讨了优化低噪声放大器的噪声系数、增益与线性度的设计方法,同时对宽带输入输出匹配进行了分析。这种宽带低噪声放大器的工作带宽350MHz～470MHz,噪声系数小于3dB,增益为24dB,增益平坦度为±1dB,输入1dB压缩点大于-15dBm。     

X波段低噪声放大器的设计与仿真

文中提出了一种X波段雷达接收机前端低噪声放大器的设计,该放大器选用性价比较高的伪形态高电子迁移率晶体管ATF36077,两级放大器电路分别按照最佳噪声系数和高增益的要求进行网络匹配设计。在设计过程中,引入噪声量度概念对总体电路的指标进行衡量,利用商业软件ADS进行电路的仿真与优化设计。仿真结果表明,该低噪声放大器在9310 MHz~9510 MHz 工作频段内,其噪声系数优于0.51 dB,增益大于20 dB,输出1 dB 压缩点为12.8 dBm。绘制版图,通过合理布局,整体结构紧凑,尺寸仅为42 mm×30 mm,可应用于X波段船舶导航雷达接收机前端中。     

433MHz ASK接收机射频前端电路设计

设计了一款应用在433MHz ASK接收机中的射频前端电路。在考虑了封装以及ESD保护电路的寄生效应的同时,从噪声、匹配、增益和线性度等方面详细讨论了低噪声放大器和下混频器的电路设计。采用0.18μm CMOS工艺,在1.8V的电源电压下射频前端电路消耗电流10.09 mA。主要的测试结果如下:低噪声放大器的噪声系数、增益、输入P1dB压缩点分别为1.35 dB、17.43 dB、-8.90dBm;下混频器的噪声系数、电压增益、输入P1dB压缩点分别为7.57dB、10.35dB、-4.83dBm。     

基于CMOS工艺的RFID双频低噪声放大器设计与仿真

设计出一种可应用于RFID系统,同时工作在915 MHz和2.45 GHz的双频段低噪声放大器.该设计以最大程度降低噪声为目标,采用并联LC网络替代传统单一高感值电感,并引入电流复用技术,最终实现高增益低功耗的双频段低噪声放大器的设计目标.仿真结果如下:在915MHz和2.45GHz的频率下,噪声系数均小于0.6dB;S(1,1)小于—15dB;S(2,2)小于—11dB;输入驻波比≤1.4;输出驻波比≤1.8;1dB压缩点约为—16.5dBm.仿真结果表明,在两个频段中的测试结果均优于预期指标的要求,为实际双频段低噪声放大器的设计及优化提供参考。     

S波段低噪声放大器的ADS仿真与设计

介绍低噪声放大器设计的理论基础,并重点介绍了低噪声放大器的主要性能指标:噪声系数、功率增益、驻波比、稳定性等。以ATF38143晶体管为例介绍了ADS仿真软件设计低噪声放大器的方法和主要步骤。采用三级级联结构设计出满足指标的S波段低噪声放大器链路。该放大器链路的指标为噪声系数小于1.2,功率增益大于50dB,增益平坦度小于0.5dB,VSWR小于1.8的低噪声放大器,带宽为6MHz,并具有一定的带外抑制能力。     

低成本CDMA2000基站低噪声放大电路设计

CDMA基站低噪声放大电路是无线通信系统中的关键组成部分,其性能的好坏将影响整个通信系统的性能。文章重点研究CDMA2000基站低噪声放大电路,对低噪声放大电路进行了讨论分析,采用理论分析与微波电路仿真相结合的方法设计出一款基于GaAs HEMT的CDMA2000基站两级低噪声平衡放大电路,并将设计结果付诸实践。设计的两级GaAs低噪声放大器在824MHz～849MHz频率范围内实现噪声系数小于0.8dB,增益达到29dB。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks