“监视和测量装置的控制”要求

按照ISO9001：2000标准，进行7．6条“监视和测量装置的控制”审核时，需要审核员正确理解其要求，不能望文生义轻易对受审核方的监测装置开出不合格，否则不仅会增加受审核方的经济负担，而且还会使ISO9001：2000标准认证走入误区。     

对"监视和测量装置的控制"的理解

ISO 9001:2000突出了顾客满意和持续改进的核心思想,强调了过程方法和管理的系统方法,要求其过程及活动的结果都是通过业绩评价来衡量工作成就.本文就"监视和测量装置的控制"的要求,以及控制的水平和业绩,归纳了几点看法.     

ISO标准"过程的监视和测量"条款解析

企业为了保证过程的输出能持续稳定地得到预期的结果或达到预期的目标,应针对过程的特性设置监视和测量的项目,通过对过程的实际业绩与预期目的（目标）的差异结果进行监视和测量,及时发现过程存在的问题,最终达到确保稳定提供满足要求的产品的目的。     

浅谈"过程的监视和测量"的理解与实施

质量管理体系是由许多大大小小的、相互关联的过程组成,每一个过程都直接或间接地影响到产品的符合性和体系的符合性、有效性.应该说,过程的实施质量对产品质量的影响是非常巨大的,为确保过程的实施质量,就必须对过程实施监视和测量,并在必要时采取纠正和纠正措施.     

讨论过程监视和测量

GB／T 19001—2000中的8．2．3条“过程监视和测量”的理解和实施,对不少审核员和企业是一个难点。笔者结合自己的学习和实践,谈一些体会,与同行共勉。     

基于节流装置测量过程的验证和控制

介绍在测量管理体系的认证工作中,对有代表性的基于节流装置流量检测关键测量过程的验证和控制方法的探讨和分析.     

Experimental requirements for measuring pneumatochemical impedances

Hydrogen storage remains a bottleneck process on the way to the hydrogen economy. For practical applications, metal hydride systems offer interesting features, in particular, the possibility of reversibly storing large amounts of hydrogen at low or moderate pressure. However, they still suffer from unfavorable specific energy, with mass-fraction values ranging from 0 up to 5 wt % whereas transport applications require 6 wt % and more. Besides this, higher sorption/desorption kinetics and better chemical stability over long-term cycling are also needed. This is why many studies are carried out in the research community on hydride-forming systems, to develop new materials meeting these requirements. Development and optimization of metal hydride reactors require coupled thermodynamic and kinetic characterization of metal-hydrogen systems. In particular, it is necessary to analyze the kinetics in terms of reaction mechanism, in order to identify the different steps of commonly observed multistep reaction paths, and to measure their individual rate parameters. By analyzing hydriding kinetics in the frequency (Fourier) domain, pneumatochemical impedance spectroscopy (PIS) now offers the possibility of measuring experimental impedances and identifying reaction steps. However, measurement of such impedances is indirect and nontrivial. The purpose of this paper is to detail the experimental requirements needed for correctly measuring gas-phase impedance diagrams. In particular, practical conditions of data sampling and data treatment are described. Experimental results obtained with the model LaNi(5)-H(2)(g) system are presented to illustrate the potentialities of PIS analysis.     

齿轮材料性能要求及正确选材

介绍了齿轮的工作条件和失效形式，以及齿轮材料的性能要求，对齿轮材料的正确选择作了详细说明。     

样板加修正与渐开线仪器测量准确度的研究

渐开线仪器采用样板加修正的方法，可以消除由于仪器基圆半径不准确等因素产生的仪器系统误差，并统一渐开线仪器量值，提高仪器准确度。文中论述了正确使用渐开线样板的方法，以及对基圆半径差的线性修正方法。     

AES测薄膜厚度的误差分析与修正

本文介绍了AES测薄膜厚度的原理和方法,分析了测试过程中的各种误差,并探讨了各种误差的修正方法。     

城市监控报警系统网络设备的测量评估方法

城市监控报警系统是通过硬件和软件两方面的结合搭建一个科技与业务相融合的平台,形成互联互通的监控报警网络.这里提出一种关于城市监控报警系统网络设备的测量和评估方法,通过全面、科学地测量和分析,可对系统相关性能进行评估、判定系统性能的优劣和直接指导城市监控报警系统的建设,并为今后国家标准或规范的制订打下基础.     

A correct method for effective resolution evaluation

The paper presents experimental results obtained with three methods of effective resolution evaluation. We compare the measurement repeatability of the traditional method specified by IEEE standard with the repeatability of the two-point heuristic method developed and published 2 years ago and that of a new analytic method developed recently. Verification of measurements was carried out using standard video-frequency-band ADCs. The results of the presented investigations are addressed primarily to the members of the TC10 and EUPAS committee, and also to designers and users of computer-aided electronic systems.     

A device for measuring the spike frequency

A device intended to control frequency variations of the neuron pulse activity (spikes) under the action on a biological object is described.     

A technique for measuring and tuning the accelerating sections

A technique has been developed for measuring and tuning one of the accelerating sections based on a biperiodic structure with on-axis coupling cells for a 1.5-GeV double-sided racetrack microtron before and after the section is brazed. The technology and results of tuning of the microwave power input coupler for the accelerating section are described.     

A practical method to detect and correct for lens distortion in the TEM

A practical, offline method for experimental detection and correction for projector lens distortion in the transmission electron microscope (TEM) operating in high-resolution (HR) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) modes is described. Typical TEM works show that, in the simplest case, the distortion transforms on the recording device, which would be a circle into an ellipse. The first goal of the procedure described here is to determine the elongation and orientation of the ellipse. The second goal is to correct for the distortion using an ordinary graphic program. The same experimental data set may also be used to determine the actual microscope magnification and the rotation between SAED patterns and HR images. The procedure may be helpful in several quantitative applications of electron diffraction and HR imaging, for instance while performing accurate lattice parameter determination, or while determining possible metrical deviations (cell edges and angles) from a given symmetry.