光全散射法颗粒粒径分布测量的改进研究

提出并实验了一种新的光纤型样品池,用于光全散射法测量颗粒粒径及其分布,该样品池的突出特点是消除了池壁散射影响以及容易实现稳定的多波长测试。在颗粒折射率处理方面,引入了洛伦兹色散关系和多波长处理方法,提高了理论的严密性、合理性和实用性。选用公称粒径分别为1.00μm和2.06μm的聚苯乙烯乳胶球标准颗粒做了验证比对实验。结果表明光纤型样品池工作稳定,数据处理显示均值偏差和重复性都小于5%,且优于常规折射率估值方法,体现了改善效果和实用价值。     

基于面阵CCD的散射式激光粒度测量方法研究

研究了基于CCD传感的激光粒度测量方法和优化。在系统设计和实验参数优化基础上,设计了CCD传感器的光环尺寸,并基于Mie散射理论,建立了理论计算模型,计算了待测颗粒的理论光能分布。对标称粒径为10.9μm和57.9μm的聚苯乙烯乳胶标准颗粒进行实验,获得颗粒散射光能分布图像,提出了一种新的光环中心确定方法,并由编写的图像处理程序分析散射光能分布。颗粒粒径的反演结果与标称尺寸比较表明,用此测量方法得到的颗粒散射光能分布与其理论分布较一致,稳定性与重复性较好。     

用动态光散射现代谱估计法测量纳米颗粒

为了解决目前动态光散射软件信号分析法采用的自相关和功率谱估计存在分辨率和方差较低,以及能谱泄漏问题,提出了基于现代功率谱估计的动态光散射信号分析法。对该系统所采用的现代功率谱估计算法和测量系统进行了研究。首先,介绍了动态光散射测量法涉及的光子相关光谱理论和散射光谱估计理论。接着,描述了基于现代功率谱估计的动态散射光谱法,特别是其中阶数p的计算方法。然后,介绍了测量系统,包括硬件部分的光学系统和信号采集处理系统,软件部分的系统开发流程。最后,对粒径分别为30、50、100nm的乳胶球标准颗粒溶液(透光率为96%)进行了实验。实验结果表明:现代谱估计分析法的测量均值误差和重复性误差的平均值分别为1.88%和1.62%,满足国标要求的均值误差和重复性误差2%。     

Computational fluid dynamics analysis of MQL spray parameters and its influence on superalloy grinding

The application of emulsion for combined heat extraction and lubrication requires continuous monitoring of the quality of emulsion to sustain a desired grinding environment; this is applicable to other grinding fluids as well. To sustain a controlled grinding environment, it is necessary to adopt an effectively lubricated wheel–work interface. The present work aims to develop a numerical model to replicate the mist formation in minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) grinding using a fluent-based computational fluid dynamics (CFD) flow solver. The MQL parameters considered for this study are air pressure and the mass flow rate. Simulation of the atomization under turbulent conditions was done in a discrete phase model (DPM) owing to the fact that oil mass flow rates are very low and oil acts as a discrete medium in air. Jet velocity and droplet diameters were also obtained under different input conditions to find the optimum value of air pressure and mass flow rate of oil to achieve the desired results (lower cutting force and surface roughness) in MQL grinding of superalloy (Inconel 751). It is seen that medium size (around 16.3 µm) of droplet plays a significant role in improved performance by the way of reduction in cutting force and surface roughness.