商用碳密封涂覆光纤的特性与应用

考察了碳密封涂覆光纤的特性，报道了其在氢气和应力环境中的性能，并讨论了能使光纤制造商提供可靠产品的现有制造工艺。还给出了数据表明光纤暴露在８５℃１１个ａｔｍ氢气下２１天之后的性能。几年动态疲劳试验的结果显示出，碳密封涂覆光纤在高应力环境下具有优越性，本文除讨论了有关碳密封涂覆光纤光学和机械可靠性的研制工作和数据之处，还讨论了为实现产品商品化而做的部分试制工作，并对用户加工和现场操作中遇到的问题给予     

碳密封涂覆光纤的发展和新应用

本文简单介绍了碳密封涂覆光纤的发展历史和现状，论述了碳涂层对其密封性能和强度的影响，并对它在许多技术领域的最新研究和新应用加以综述。     

光纤涂碳工艺和特性研究

介绍了利用国产拉丝设备、原材料制造碳密封涂覆光纤的工艺和产品特性。涂碳工艺稳定可靠，光纤静态疲劳参数n＞100，平均断裂应力＞60N，能够满足苛刻环境对光纤长期可靠性的要求。     

碳密封涂覆光纤研制

提高光纤强度的方法都是消除光纤表面的微裂纹。而提高光纤强度既是系统工程,又是环境工程,贯穿在光纤制作的各个环节。微纹刻蚀技术、TiO_2涂覆等方法用作消除表面微裂纹是有效的,而钝化工艺及密封涂覆既可消去光纤表面微裂纹,亦可解决光纤“疲劳”问题。碳涂覆较金属涂覆、陶瓷材料涂覆理想,因为碳的低扩散系数允许使用较薄的涂覆防止氢和水的渗透,碳的低弹性模量使碳涂覆光纤在破断之前就能经受很高的应力,并且碳涂覆的拉丝速度可达600m/min。     

高压电缆用分布式光纤传感检测系统

电力电缆线路运行时的温度和应变在线检测是保障电力系统安全与稳定的必要措施。介绍了用于高压电缆在线监控的分布式光纤传感检测系统方案。详细阐述了检测系统中测量设备的选择,研究了适用于电力系统复杂环境中的温度和应变测量的新型传感光纤——碳密封涂覆光纤,并对这种传感光纤的安装方式进行了探讨。分布式光纤传感检测系统将在高压输电电缆系统的在线检测方面有很大的应用前景。     

高强度碳涂覆光纤的研制

高强度碳涂覆光纤的制造工艺是在拉丝过程中碳沉积在光纤表面，然后再涂覆紫外固化涂料，整个工艺在拉丝过程中完成。此种光纤显示出高的抗疲劳特性和抗氢渗透特性，并能经受高的长期工作应力而强度不降低。碳涂层能保持光纤的传输性能不变，我们９５年已能拉制长度大于５ｋｍ，筛选强度为１．３８ＧＰａ的高强度碳涂覆光纤。     

密封涂碳光纤碳涂层的电阻特性

本文研究了密封光纤碳涂层电阻特性与光纤可靠性之间的关系后，得出：最佳的碳涂层电阻能提高光纤抗疲劳性能，并为研制长长度、高强度和高可靠性涂层密封光纤提供了实验依据。     

密封涂碳光纤碳涂层的电阻特征

本文研究了密封光纤碳涂层电阻特性与光纤可靠性之间的关系后，得出：最佳的碳涂层电阻能提高光纤抗疲劳性能，并为研制长长度，高强度和高可靠性涂层密封光纤提供了实验依据。     

光纤碳密封涂覆工艺的探讨

以长期的工艺实践为基础，较详细地介绍了光纤碳密封涂覆工艺中可能遇到的各种技术难题，并给出了具体的解决方法和工艺途径，具有较强的可操作性和很大的参考意义。     

低速光纤碳涂覆工艺的研究

由于整个光纤碳涂覆系统中采用了早期的低速拉丝塔,限制了整个光纤碳涂覆系统的生产速度,这使得光纤碳涂覆工艺必须要围绕低速进行设计和调整。通过改变碳氢化合物气体的成分及浓度,改善了低速光纤碳涂覆工艺,使得在低速拉丝条件下获得大长度碳涂覆光纤成为可能。     

Recent developments in hermetically coated optical fiber

Recent progress on the development of hermetically coated optical fiber is presented. This fiber provides improved fatigue resistance; high usable strength; and excellent resistance to hydrogen permeation, 25-90°C water, and corrosive chemicals such as hydrofluoric acid and boiling sodium hydroxide. These attributes make the hermetically coated fiber an excellent candidate for use in undersea cables and other special applications where a harsh environment prevails     

Rockwell 135 Mbit/s lightwave system

A new intermediate-capacity digital lightwave system has been developed using digital gate array technology, hermetically sealed optical hybrids, and decision feedback equalization of the lightwave fiber. This paper reviews the technical characteristics and design considerations of the Rockwell LTS-135 lightwave transmission system.     

Failure Case Study for Optical Fiber Breaks in Metal Packages

A possible cause for optical fiber breaks occurring in hermetically sealed metal packages is examined. Although the fiber itself is screened before use, the potential for fiber breakage still exists since the fiber is installed, slightly bent, in order to accommodate thermal expansion of the package. As a means of screening out devices with possible fiber defects, we propose incorporating into the standard screening process a low-temperature storage test in which thermal shrinkage of the package intensifies bending strain on the fiber, thereby accelerating the failure and identification of fragile devices.     

Optical coupling between coated fibers in a compact fiber ribbon

Optical coupling between coated optical fibers in a fiber ribbon for use in compact and high-density optical cable is described. By means of a measurement system having a sensitivity of -70 dB. optical coupling of -40 dB due to a small radius fiber bend is measured for an actual fiber ribbon coated with UV-curable resin. The optical coupling mechanism is discussed using analysis models of a coated optical fiber bend. Theoretical analyses and experimental results confirm that optical coupling occurs only when the refractive indices of coating materials satisfy the condition of radiating light traveling from a fiber core to a ribbon coat.     

两类典型光纤型SPR传感器的理论模型比较

针对基于SPR效应的两类典型光纤型传感器:传统型包层腐蚀的镀金属多模光纤传感器、新型镀金属单模光纤光栅传感器,指出其不同的SPR模型处理方法及传感特性。首先,根据传统型SPR光纤传感器的结构特点,利用平板SPR理论给出反射谱特性,同时指出并证明薄膜光学理论在平板SPR结构中与平板SPR理论的等价性。其次,针对新型SPR光纤光栅传感器结构特点,依据模式耦合思想,结合SPW模式特征,提出了光纤光栅SPR结构的理论处理方法,得到了镀金膜三包层LPFG结构的透射谱。最后,对基于SPR效应的两类典型光纤型传感器的传感特性进行了比较分析,结果表明,两类传感器对环境折射率均具有较高的分辨率,但新型光纤光栅SPR传感器的分辨率高出传统SPR光纤传感器3个数量级。     

Packaging technology for a 10-Gb/s photoreceiver module

We designed a 10-Gb/s photoreceiver module integrating a flip-chip avalanche photodiode (APD), a Si-preamplifier IC, and a slant-ended fiber (SEF). Flip-chip bonding minimizes parasitic reactances in the interconnect between the photodiode and the preamplifier IC. The optical coupling system consists of a slant-ended fiber and a microlens monolithically fabricated on the photodiode. This gives a flat IC-package assembly, which enables stripline interfaces to extract high-speed signals, increases misalignment tolerances, and lowers package height. Tolerances of over ±9 μm were obtained in every direction, which matched our theoretical predictions. To attach and hermetically seal the optical coupling, the fiber ferrule was directly laser-welded to the package wall with a double ring structure. The module withstood shock and vibration tests and had a 10-GHz bandwidth and -23-dBm minimum photosensitivity at 10 Gb/s     

Diffusion of moisture through fatigue- and aging-resistant polymer coatings on lightguide fibers

In previous work the diffusion rate of water vapor through the polymer coating on optical fiber was estimated by monitoring the strength as a function of time after suddenly changing the ambient humidity. This technique is used here to measure the diffusion of moisture both into and out of two novel fiber coatings. The first specimen is a dual-coated fiber with silica particles added to its secondary coating. It is shown that the improvement in this fiber's reliability is not due to the silica particles adsorbing/absorbing the moisture. The second fiber, coated with a fluorinated polymer, was designed to have higher fatigue resistance as a result of having a lower permeability to moisture. It is found that even though this fiber had higher than normal resistance to fatigue, the diffusion of moisture through this coating was not substantially different than through typical coatings used on fibers for telecommunications applications.