先天性皮肤单纯疱疹的电镜观察

单纯疱疹病毒 (ｈｅｒｐｓｓｉｍｐｌｅｘｖｉｒｕｓＨＳＶ)是人类重要的致病病毒之一 ,在人和动物中有广泛感染 ,皮肤单纯疱疹是其中一种。ＨＳＶ有两种类型 ,ＨＳＶ Ⅰ型和ＨＳＶ Ⅱ型。以往对ＨＳＶ Ⅱ形态学的研究在体外培养和动物实验方面较多 ,而对人先天性皮肤ＨＳＶ感染的超微形态学研究还未见报道[1] 。本文对一例新生儿 (全身皮疹待查 )皮肤活检组织进行超薄切片、透射电镜观察 ,为临床诊断提供形态学依据 ;同时 ,进一步观察人皮肤ＨＳＶ感染的组织病理变化及形态特点 ;并对电镜在病毒性疾病诊断中的价值和注意要点进行了讨论。材…     

F150交换机V5故障分析及排除

标准的Ｖ5接口规范包括Ｖ5 .1接口和Ｖ5 .2接口。Ｖ5 .1接口由单个 2 0 4 8ｋｂｉｔ/ｓ接口构成 ,时隙与业务通道一一对应 ,不含集线功能。Ｖ5 .2接口按需可以由 1～ 16个 2 0 4 8ｋｂｉｔ/ｓ链路构成 ,并支持集线功能 ,时隙动态分配。Ｖ5接口支持的业务类型包括普通电话业务、ＩＳＤＮ和专用线业务。Ｖ5接口是一个在接入网中适用范围广、标准化程度高的新型数字接口 ,对于设备的开发应用、各种业务的发展和网络的更新起着重要作用。1　Ｖ5的相关命令(1)显示ＡＮ数据使用ＤＩＳＡＮＤ :ＡＮＦ =ｘｘ命令 ,在显示结果中 ,主要检查和分析以下…     

比较几款视频板卡及经典系统(二)

(续上期 )2 3　ＰＩＮＮＡＣＬＥ公司ＤＶ5 0 0实时 3Ｄ效果的ＤＶ非线性编辑系统表 2　给出了ＤＣ 5 0 0的技术数据硬件 3 2位主控ＰＣＩ界面数据传输速率　　ＤＶ方式的双通道数据流 (每通道数据流2 5Ｍｂｉｔ/ｓ)帧速率 3 0 / 2 5帧每秒 ;60 / 5 0场 /秒 (ＮＴＳＣ/ＰＡＬ)数字化和回放　　实时方式 :最大 72 0× 5 76(ＰＡＬ/ＳＥＣＡＭ 4∶2∶2ＹＵＶ)或 72 0× 4 80 (ＮＴＳＣ 4∶1∶1ＹＵＶ)真彩色视频输入 一个复合ＲＣＡ视频端子 ,一个Ｓ -Ｖｉｄｅｏｍｉｎｉ-ＤＩＮ端子 ,两个ＩＥＥＥ - 13 94六针端子视频输出 一个复合ＲＣＡ视…     

DTV标准简介（上）

(上接第 0 5期 )1　序论真正的ＤＴＶ(数字电视 )系统应包括ＴＶ(电视 )的节目摄制、信源编码、信道传输、信源解码、节目显示等几个部分。由ＴＶ扫描像素的清晰度分 ,ＤＴＶ分为ＳＤＴＶ(标准清晰度电视 )和ＨＤＴＶ(高清晰度电视 )。ＳＤＴＶ的图像分辨率为普通ＴＶ的最佳值 ;而ＨＤＴＶ的像素数为普通ＴＶ的 5倍 ,垂直分辨率可以达到 10 0 0线以上。2 0世纪 80年代 ,日本便开始了模拟高清晰度ＴＶ的研究 ,随后欧洲和美国开始进行ＨＤＴＶ的开发 ,并将日本抛在后面。 90年代初期 ,欧洲和美国相继制定了各自的ＤＴＶ传输标准 ,分别为ＤＶＢ…     

H-600 透射电镜(FREE模式下)各透镜电流组合与放大倍数关系

Ｈ 6 0 0给用户提供了ＺＯＯＭ、ＳＣＡＮ、ＳＡ、ＳＡＤＩＦＦ等观察模式 ,同时也为用户提供了一个按自己意愿组合电流的ＦＲＥＥ模式 ,但厂家没有提供Ｈ 6 0 0各模式在不同放大倍数下的每个成像透镜电流的数据 ,只给出了 10 0ｋＶ时ＺＯＯＭ等模式下不同放大倍数对应的参考电压 ,但在使用ＦＲＥＥ模式时无法直接使用。本文从分析成像透镜电路出发 ,找到了各透镜电流与放大倍数的关系。成象透镜电流的导出根据Ｈ 6 0 0用户手册 4 84 ,可知 10 0ｋＶ下各透镜电流与参考电压的对应关系如下 :Ｃ1… 2 4 0 (Ａ) ,6 0 6 7Ｖ　ＯＢＪ… 4 (Ａ)…     

I~2C总线时钟器件

0　引言串行Ｉ2Ｃ总线的时钟器件主要有飞利浦公司开发的ＰＣＦ8583和ＰＣＦ8563,两者的引脚和内部结构并不兼容 ,其中ＰＣＦ8563解决了 2 0 0 0年问题 ,还有计时 (日期 )、定时报警、输出脉冲等功能 ,为长时间的定时控制系统提供了一个方便的选择。1　Ｉ2 Ｃ时钟器件简介1.1　ＰＣＦ8563引脚与功能芯片有ＤＩＰ8和ＳＯ8封装形式 ,其引脚排列见图 1所示。功能如下 :图 1　ＰＣＦ85 6 3芯片ＶＤＤ/ＶＳＳ :电源输入 ,工作电压 1～ 6Ｖ ,2 5μＡ ;ＳＣＬ/ＳＤＡ :串行时钟 /数据端 ,最大速度 4 0 0ｋＨｚ ;ＯＳＣＩ/ＯＳＣＯ :振荡器输入、输…     

He－Ne激光治疗生殖器疱疹

Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光治疗生殖器疱疹曹元禄，田葱，宋瑾，王书杰（河南省开封市医学科学研究所４７５０００）生殖器疱疹曾是欧美国家广泛流行的性传染病，由单纯性疤疹病毒（ＨＳＶ）感染所致，（ＨＳＶ）病毒分两种。１型主要侵及口周及唇部；２型主要侵犯生殖器部位的粘膜，...     

硬件描述语言VHDL及其应用

ＶＨＤＬ是一种超高速ＶＬＳＩ硬件描述语言，能对集成电路的功能和结构进行描述，用ＣＡＤ软件将其编译和转换，并自动形成线路，概要地介绍了ＶＨＤＬ的设计组织和数据类型，并对ＶＨＤＬ的特点及其在ＶＬＳＩ设计中的应用要点做了一些探讨。     

浅谈CATV上行通道的干扰噪声抑制

1　引言我国的ＣＡＴＶ正在由现有单一信号分配网 ,向多功能的双向传输交换网转变。ＨＦＣ网络的采用更为双向交换网的实现开拓了美好的前景。现就ＨＦＣ上行通道的总体设计中干扰噪声抑制的实用问题作一些探讨 ,供同行参考。2　ＣＡＴＶ上行通道的频率范围由于ＣＡＴＶ双向传输网采用频率分割法 ,频率配置一般有下述三种形式 :低分割 :上行(5～40 )ＭＨｚ,下行(47～750 )ＭＨｚ;中分割 :上行(5～65)ＭＨｚ,下行(87～750 )ＭＨｚ;高分割 :上行(5～2 0 0 )ＭＨｚ,下行 (2 2 3～ 750 )ＭＨｚ。国标ＧＹ Ｔ1 0 6- 1 999将上行通道频率范围规范…     

模拟卫星接收机单极化故障检修1例

现象 :卫星接收机只能接收垂直极化的信号 (供高频头的电压为 13Ｖ) ,而不能接收水平极化的信号 (高频头供电电压为 17Ｖ)。检查与分析 :这类卫星接收机 ,如用量较大的神州ＳＴ - 9988,神鹰ＳＶ - 2 6 0 0和中大ＷＳ - 80 80等机器(电路板基本相同 ) ,均系电源切换电路有问题 ,使得13Ｖ和 17Ｖ电压不能切换 ,只能供给高频头 13Ｖ电压 ,故接收垂直极化信号正常。措施 :检查主电路板的接口处 (与电源板相连的接口 )的三极管Ｕ30 5 ,一般用的型号是ＢＣ5 5 6 ,Ｂ32 7等硅材料ＰＮＰ型三极管 ,其参数为 :80Ｖ ,0 .2Ａ ,0 .5Ｗ ,经检查已击穿或性…     

AFM observation of OMVPE grown ErP on InP (0 0 1), (1 1 1)A and (1 1 1)B substrates

ErP has been grown on InP (0 0 1), (1 1 1)A and (1 1 1)B substrates by low-pressure organometallic vapor-phase epitaxy. The morphological change with growth temperature has been explored by atomic force microscope. On all the substrates, ErP is grown in island structure. Height and area size of the ErP islands on (1 1 1)A substrate exhibit an obvious dependence on growth temperature. ErP islands grown at 540°C, that is the suitable temperature for ErP formation, gather to step edges to make wires.     

Reliability of a consecutivek-out-of-r-from-n:F system

The reliability of the consecutive k-out-of-r-from-n:F system is studied. For k=2 an explicit solution is given for n components in line or in cycle in the i.i.d. case. For k⩾3 sharp lower and upper bounds are given for the reliability of the system and demonstrated for different values of n, k, r, p. These bounds are exact for r=n, n-1, n-2, n-3, and for these values the exact analytic solution is also given     

Distribution of the lifetime of consecutive k-within-m-out-of-n:F systems

The distribution of the lifetime (MTTF) of any consecutive k -within-m-out-of-n:F system, with independent exponentially distributed component lifetimes, is shown to be a convex combination of the distributions (MTTFs) of several convolutions of independent random variables, where each convolution represents a distinct path in the evolution of the system's history, and where in each convolution all but the last random variable is exponential. The last random variable in each convolution is either a zero lifetime or the lifetime of several disjoint consecutive k_i within m_i-out-of-n:F systems in series with each k_i<k, each m_i<m, and each n_i<n. This enables the calculations to proceed recursively. Calculations are facilitated by the symmetric nature of the convex combination     

Bounds for reliability of consecutivek-within-m-out-of-n:F systems

Upper and lower bounds for the reliability of a (linear or circular) consecutive k-within-m-out-of-n:F system with unequal component-failure probabilities are provided. Numerical calculations indicate that, for systems with components of good enough reliability, these bounds quite adequately estimate system reliability. The estimate is easy to calculate, having computational complexity O(m²×n). For identically distributed components, a Weibull limit theorem for system time-to-failure is proved     

Analysis of coplanar E-H planeT-junction using dissimilar rectangular waveguides

An analysis of a T-junction that differs from conventional H -plane T-junctions in that the T arm is rotated by 90° and coupling takes place through an inclined slot is presented. Since use of standard X-band waveguides results in such a T-junction operating above 11.7 GHz, nonstandard waveguide dimensions have been considered to bring down the operating frequency to 9.375 GHz. The effect of a change of the broad dimension of the primary feed waveguide on the resonant conductance is evaluated. The variations of resonant length with the angle of inclination of the slot, and coupling with frequency, are presented     

Electrochemical C-V profiling of heterojunctiondevice structures

Electrochemical capacitance-voltage profiles of multiple (In,Al) GaAs heterostructures have been measured and compared with the results of a numerical calculation of the apparent charge density based on a one-dimensional Poisson solver. The calculation, using layer thicknesses, dopings, and heterojunction band discontinuities obtained from MBE growth calibrations, is in overall agreement with the measured data. The largest discrepancy occurs between the expected and measured heterojunction band discontinuity. This difference is consistent with an electrolyte/semiconductor interface which is not planar on a scale comparable to the layer thickness     

Optimum control of N-input K-output matrixconverters

Significant developments of the general optimum control theory presented in a previous paper by the authors (1988) are discussed for the specific case of multiphase matrix converters. Results hold, regardless of system configuration, input and output voltage waveforms, and loads. Applications to the most practical converter structures are illustrated, and implementation criteria of the optimum control method are derived. Simulated results confirm the flexibility and effectiveness of the approach     

A generalization of consecutive-k-out-of-n:Fsystems

A linear (m, n)-lattice system consists of m ·n elements arranged like the elements of a (m ,n)-matrix, i.e. each of the m rows includes m elements, and each of the n columns includes m elements. A circular (m,n)-lattice system consists of m circles (centered at the same point) and n rays. The intersections of the circle and the rays represent the elements, i.e. each of the circles includes n elements and each of the rays has m elements. A (linear or circular) (m, n)-lattice system is a (linear or circular) connected-X-out-of-(m,n):F lattice system if it fails whenever at least one subset of connected failed components occurs which includes failed components connected in the meaning of connected-X. The paper presents some practical examples and the reliability formulas of simple systems using results of consecutive-k-out-of-n:F systems     

Reliability of a k-out-of-n warm-standby system

A general closed-form equation is developed for system reliability of a k-out-of-n warm-standby system (dormant failures). The equation reduces to the hot and cold standby cases under the appropriate restrictions     

A technique for real-time measurement of Nth-orderderivativesdNV/dIN

A technique for the measurement of device derivatives d ^NV/dI^N of arbitrary order N described. Measurement is accomplished by injecting a test current composed of the sum of N square waves into the rest device, and then multiplying the corresponding voltage change by the product of those same square waves, followed by low-pass filtering. The algorithm is implemented in real time using a mixture of analog and digital circuitry, and its application to semiconductor laser control in high-speed optical communications is described