基于信道状态的MIMO预编码算法

针对多输入多输出（MIMO）的应用需要,研究了一种利用发端信道状态信息（CSIT）进行预编码,增强系统性能的方法。该方法在发送端采用线性预编码器对CSIT进行预编码,合理分配不同天线的发射功率以提高系统性能;分别在低、高信噪比条件下,对进行预编码前后的容量比值差值进行了仿真分析。分析结果表明：进行预编码后,MIMO系统容量明显改善,以上研究结果对MIMO的工程应用有良好的参考意义。     

基于毫米波大规模MIMO系统的混合预编码设计

大规模多输入多输出（MIMO）被认为是未来5G的关键技术之一。毫米波因其足够大的频谱带宽近来备受关注。针对部分连接结构、单用户下行链路毫米波大规模MIMO系统，提出了一种新型的混合预编码设计。利用分层设计思想，首先设计模拟预编码器，提出一种模拟预编码器算法；然后通过注水算法获得最佳数字预编码器；最后，将起始最优化问题转化为在每根天线功率分配约束下单个RF链路连接天线子阵列最优化问题，再根据迭代方法获得最佳混合预编码器。仿真结果表明，最佳混合预编码器性能接近纯数字预编码器的性能。     

智能反射面辅助广义空间调制性能分析

将智能反射面（Intelligent Reflecting Surface,IRS）技术引入索引调制（Index Modulation,IM）技术领域,可在保留各自优势的同时提高系统可靠性并实现高频谱效率。但现有方案在每时隙内仅激活一根天线,使得天线的利用率降低,且单天线激活时若想要进一步提高系统传输速率只能成倍增大发射天线数或提高调制阶数,从而影响系统性能。针对这一问题,提出了IRS辅助广义空间调制（Generalized Spatial Modulation,GSM）相关技术的方案,在发射端激活多根天线,使得在单位时间内相同天线数时每时隙传输的比特数增加。计算了该方案理论误码率上界,通过仿真验证了理论推导的正确性。     

单脉冲测角技术在MIMO雷达不同布阵下的性能分析

本文研究了多输入多输出(MIMO)雷达系统波束形成和单脉冲测角问题。MIMO雷达利用分集技术,在发射端全向发射正交波形,在接收端利用DBF技术同时形成多个波束。本文推导不同接收方式下MIMO雷达波束的方向图函数,给出其半功率波束宽度计算公式。将数字单脉冲测角技术应用于MIMO雷达,通过不同布阵对测角精度进行分析,并与相控阵雷达测角性能进行比较。计算机仿真结果表明,在相同阵列情况下,MIMO雷达测角性能优于传统相控阵雷达。     

MIMO雷达概念及其技术特点分析

多输入多输出（MIMO）雷达是近年来出现的一项新的雷达技术．论文在对MIMO雷达概念和发展过程作了简单描述后，首先对基于发射分集的MIMO雷达系统原理作了详细介绍，分析了其在抗雷达信号截获、强杂波中弱目标检测、低速目标检测等方面的性能改善，指出了其可能的应用方向．论文接下来对收发全分集的MIMO雷达构成原理进行了讨论，给出了目前已取得的初步理论结果和仿真实验结果，说明了其在目标检测、目标参数估计、目标识别和分辨等方面具有的良好性能．论文最后对两种MIMO雷达体制进行了分析比较，讨论了二者的特点和目前的可实现性，指出了待解决的理论问题和实现中的技术问题．     

MIMO—OFDM系统中的空时频联合编码技术研究

MIMO与OFDM技术相结合将成为4G宽带移动通信的核心技术。文章介绍了MIMO—OFDM技术及其特点，研究了空时频联合编码（STF）技术，探讨了STF编码的设计过程，并对其性能进行了分析比较。     

基于SLNR与矢量扰动的毫米波大规模MIMO双层混合预编码算法

在多用户毫米波大规模多入多出（Multiple Input Multiple Output,MIMO）系统中，针对现有基于信漏噪比（Signal-to-Leakage-plus-Noise Ratio,SLNR）准则的混合预编码算法未考虑用户信道质量不同和信道矩阵具有病态性的问题，本文提出了一种联合SLNR与矢量扰动（Vector Perturbation,VP）的双层混合预编码算法.该算法分两层设计预编码矩阵.第一层，考虑用户信道质量不同，提出了基于SLNR准则的匹配加权算法.该算法充分考虑信道系数、预编码矢量和组合矢量的影响设计信道加权因子，利用加权因子对SLNR算法进行改进，从而设计更优的混合预编码器，消除用户间干扰.第二层，根据第一层获取到的等效基带信道，利用迫零（Zero Force,ZF）消除用户天线间干扰.考虑到信道矩阵具有病态性，采用VP算法进一步处理.通过在发射信号上添加扰动矢量减小发射端功率增强的影响.仿真结果表明，相较于同类混合预编码算法，所提算法可以获取更好的误码率（Bit Error Rate,BER）性能和频谱效率.     

3GPPLTE计划浅析

为了把握新一轮的技术浪潮，保持在移动通信领域的领导地位，3GPP在2004年底启动了3G演进型系统，即LTE（长期演进）的研究与标准化工作，并计划在2007年发布第一个版本的系统规范。目前，该项目已完成了SI（研究阶段）的工作，各方面研究都取得了一定进展。文章简要介绍了LTE的背景情况、项目计划、主要性能目标、关键技术以及目前的研究进展和发展趋势。     

MIMO—OFDM系统中的空时频联合编码技术研究

MIMO与OFDM技术相结合将成为4G宽带移动通信的核心技术。介绍了MIMO-OFDM技术及其特点，研究了空时频联合编码（STF）技术，探讨了STF编码的设计过程，并对其性能进行了分析比较。     

有限反馈MIMO系统中一种基于双码本的功率分配与预编码方案

研究表明，有限反馈预编码能有效利用信道信息提高MIMO系统频谱效率，在此基础上，在发射端进行功率控制将使频谱效率得到进一步提升．为了最大化有限反馈MIMO系统的频谱效率，本文提出了一种基于自适应调制的功率分配与预编码方案．为了减少反馈量，该方案通过双码本方式来反馈预编码矩阵和功率控制矢量，并给出了一种基于K-均值聚类的功率码本设计方法．仿真结果表明，该方案的反馈信息量少，且获得了较好频谱性能。     

Covariance-based linear precoding

This paper extends the self-contained theory of linear precoding to the field of covariance based spatio-temporal downlink processing for direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (CDMA) systems and shows the applicability to the release 6 of high-speed downlink packet access (HSDPA). To this end, a unifying theory is developed to formulate the three known linear filters, namely, the transmit matched filter, the transmit zero-forcing filter, and the transmit Wiener filter, as optimization problems even in systems, where only covariance knowledge is available at the transmitter. Second, the solutions of these transmit filters are given for such systems with partial channel state information (CSI). Finally, it is shown how covariance-based linear precoding can be employed in the new generation CDMA system HSDPA, i.e., how channel estimation on the secondary common pilot channel allows for optimum full rank linear precoding employing only partial CSI.     

Robust linear MIMO receivers: a minimum error-rate approach

This paper looks at the linear reception of spatially multiplexed signals across MIMO channels. We address the problem of robustness in the presence of detrimental effects such as correlation and Ricean components. We consider the error-rate performance of MIMO linear filters as these can be used in purely linear receivers or as part of each stage in successive interference canceling (SIC) receivers. We know from multiuser detection theory that minimum error-rate (MER) linear receivers significantly outperform minimum mean-square error (MMSE) receivers when correlation is high; however, no direct method exist to design the MER receiver simply. We derive a scheme allowing a closed-form approximate solution to this problem. The solution is a good approximation to the true MER receiver upon fulfillment of a certain, easily checkable, channel-related condition. The algorithms are derived first for the two-input many-output case. A generalized scheme is provided for the case of arbitrary number of inputs and outputs. The performance gain compared with that MMSE is significant and evaluated for various correlated and Ricean channels and transmit power allocation strategies.     

信道老化时高速移动大规模MIMO上行系统的性能分析

针对高速移动场景下大规模多输入多输出(MIMO)上行通信系统,推导了时变莱斯衰落信道中信道老化时大规模MIMO上行通信系统的可达和速率表达式,并且分析了信道老化对系统功率缩放准则的影响.理论分析与仿真结果表明,在时变莱斯信道中,每个用户的发送功率按照1/M进行缩放,信道老化仅会引起系统可达和速率的降低,而莱斯因子对系统可达和速率及功率缩放准则均有影响,且信道老化对系统可达和速率的影响较莱斯因子的影响可以忽略不计.     

Joint Optimum Linear Precoding and Power Control Strategies for Downlink MC-CDMA Systems

In this paper we derive two iterative joint precoding and power allocation methods for downlink MC-CDMA systems with multiple transmit antennas at the base station. The first method optimally solves the so called assigned target SINRs problem, i.e. determines the precoding coefficients and the minimum sum-power allocation under a constraint on the SINR of each user. The second method instead solves the maximum sum-rate problem, i.e. maximizes the system throughput under a constraint on the overall transmit power. The main result of this paper is that the proposed joint precoding and power control solutions provide an advantage with respect to suboptimal solutions for a fully loaded system, i.e. when the number of users is equal to the spreading factor times the number of transmit antennas. For lower loads, performance of the various schemes becomes closer.     

基于SLNR预编码的感知无线电技术

感知无线电技术允许多个感知用户之间公平协调共享频谱,由于基站在同一频率同一时隙下可以和几个移动终端同时通信,这将引起用户间的共信道干扰（CCI）。本文引入了预编码的思想,多个感知用户感知并共享频谱时在发射端加入预编码矩阵,基于信漏噪比（SLNR）的预编码同时消除了共信道干扰（CCI）和噪声,提高了感知系统性能。仿真结果说明采用了基于SLNR的预编码后系统性能得到了明显改善,且发射天线数越多,系统性能越好。     

Clustered linear precoding for downlink network MIMO systems with partial CSI

We propose two novel clustered linear precoding schemes applicable to network multi‐input multi‐output systems using only partial channel state information to enhance the sum‐rate of the system. Using a channel model that decomposes a multi‐input multi‐output channel matrix into transmit and receive steering vectors and assuming that only transmit steering vectors are available at the base transmit stations, we, first, propose a regularized channel inversion precoding scheme to enhance the sum‐rate assuming only single‐antenna users are available in the system. Next, because of the limitation of regularized channel inversion to handle users with multiple receive antennas, a novel block diagonalization method is proposed. We construct the precoding matrices that jointly eliminate inter‐cell interference and maximize the sum‐rate for a given input covariance matrix. Assuming total power constraint and per‐base‐station power constraints, optimal power allocation schemes are further developed to optimize the sum‐rate. We analytically show that the sum‐rate increases linearly with the number of users when only single‐antenna users are present in the system. Numerical results show that at low signal‐to‐noise ratios, the block diagonalization precoding outperforms the regularized channel inversion in terms of the bit error rate; while at high signal‐to‐noise ratios, the regularized channel inversion provides a better performance. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于非理想CSI的下行MU-MIMO鲁棒波束成形

在下行多用户多入多出（MU-MIMO）系统中,基站（BS）所获得的非理想信道状态信息（CSI）会导致频分双工（FDD）系统预编码性能变差.现有的MU-MIMO鲁棒预编码算法虽然可以对抗非理想CSI所导致的系统性能损失,但其只考虑其中一种或两种信道误差的鲁棒性,因此系统性能提升有限.本文通过建立包含信道估计误差、量化误差和延时误差的联合信道误差模型,推导出具有集中式特性的基于最小均方误差（MMSE）的鲁棒波束成形矩阵的闭式解;随后将这种信道条件应用到分布式通信系统,并推导出具有分布式特性的基于信号泄露的MMSE的鲁棒波束成形矩阵的闭式解.数值分析表明,本文所提的集中式和分布式MU-MIMO波束成形算法,与只考虑量化误差的鲁棒MMSE算法相比,具有更优的系统和速率与误码率,补偿了上述三种信道误差所导致的预编码性能损失.     

Modified precoding strategy over MIMO double-correlated channels

Double-correlated channels commonly occur due to insufficient scattering around both the transmitting and receiving antennas. In this article, the authors propose a linear precoding strategy with a modified system model over double-correlated channels. In this system model, an inner decorrelation strategy is added combined with precoding. First, a linear precoder that achieves minimum bit error rate (MBER) is proposed and analyzed based on the modified system model. The simulation results show that the bit error rate (BER) performance can be improved by decorrelation. Second, the influence of double correlation on multiple input and multiple output (MIMO) capacity is analyzed and simulated.     

BER performance of OFDM system over frequency nonselective fastRicean fading channels

The fast changing frequency nonselective Ricean fading channel introduces a complicated multiple distortion and an extra additive noise component for an OFDM system. The multiple distortion is the average of the sum of N(N⩾3) correlated Ricean random variables. We propose an approximate technique for calculating the probability density function (PDF) of the multiple distortion under the assumption that the channel response changes in a linear fashion during one OFDM symbol. As a result, the bit error rate (BER) formula of a BPSK modulated OFDM system is derived. The results obtained using the derived formula describe well the OFDM performance under the time variant channel and match very well with the simulation results     

Transmitter-based inverse filters for reducing MAI and ISI in CDMA-TDD downlink

Inverse filters (INVF) are introduced as a new transmitter-based precoding scheme for the code-division multiple access-time division duplex (TDD) downlink. Multiple access interference and intersymbol interference are significantly reduced while the mobile station's structure is reduced to a filter matched to the user's spreading code. The method assumes knowledge of the channel at the transmitter which is feasible under TDD. The new algorithm uses a minimum mean-squared error criterion with power constraint. When compared with existing schemes, INVF increase the system performance while maintaining a low computational cost. The theoretical analysis is supported with simulation results. Analytical bit-error rates for any precoding algorithm is also calculated.