带L形横撑的大跨CFST桁式拱桥稳定性分析

为研究新型L形横撑在大跨度钢管混凝土(CFST)桁式拱桥稳定中的有效性,以合江三桥为工程背景,采用数值计算和理论分析相结合的方式对其受力性能和稳定性进行比较分析,并利用正交试验和方差分析方法对L形横撑在大跨度CFST桁式拱桥稳定中的显著性进行了检验。结果表明：①对于L形拓扑横撑类型,当K形斜撑设置在主拱肋上弦且靠近拱脚一侧时,主拱的稳定性最好;②与常用的K形、X形和米字形横撑相比,L形横撑对主拱最大轴力、最大面内弯矩、最大面外弯矩、最大应力和竖向变形的影响均较小,仅对主拱水平变形有一定影响;③当各参数在合理的取值范围内时,使用L形横撑代替常用的K形、X形或米字形横撑,不会显著降低大跨度CFST桁式拱桥的分支点和极值点稳定性,工程师在该类拱桥的稳定设计中可以放心选用。     

正交异性钢桥面板典型疲劳裂纹分类及其原因分析

正交异性钢桥面板的疲劳裂纹按照其产生的原因可分为两类:第一类由主应力引起,如纵肋对接焊接头部位;另一类由面外变形引起,如纵肋与面板焊接连接部位、纵肋与横肋交叉连接部位、腹板垂直加劲肋与面板焊接连接部位.这4种裂纹是迄今为止发现数量最多的裂纹.产生这些裂纹的原因分为外因和内因,外因就是反复作用的汽车活载,特别是超载车辆,...     

上海沪南公路大跨钢箱梁腹板设计

上海沪南公路跨线桥主桥采用(80.0+120.0+110.0+80.5)m四跨变截面钢箱连续梁桥,主桥钢箱梁最高达6 m。通过研究国内、外相关标准和规范,制订高腹板结构设计和检算思路,指导该桥高腹板设计。在纵桥向不同区段腹板采用4种不同的板厚度。腹板横肋纵向间距1.25 m,加劲肋采用T形构造;腹板纵肋采用一字型构造。其中,中墩顶附近梁段下缘的腹板纵肋与横肋焊接,其余部位腹板纵肋在横肋处断开。参照相关规范,对腹板最小厚度、强度及纵肋设置位置的合理性、纵肋刚度、横肋间距和刚度、区格局部稳定性进行检算。     

纵肋-横隔板弧形切口应力响应的面外特征研究

为获得正交异性钢桥面板横隔板弧形切口母材在典型轮载作用下的应力响应的面外特征,开展了随机车流下正交异性钢桥面板弧形切口应力监测和分析。研究表明:一辆卡车通过横隔板弧形切口将产生与轴组数量对应的应力幅,其应力响应不能分辨轴组内单轴;在超载卡车作用下横隔板弧形切口将产生很大的应力响应,应力峰值可能会大于钢材的容许应力,而此时弧形切口处于双向受压状态,活载应力幅为压应力幅;研究同时发现,横隔板会受到面外弯曲作用,靠纵肋-横隔板焊缝下端越近,其面外变形越大,产生的面外应力越大。     

正交异性钢桥面板受力特征研究

论述正交异性钢桥面板的结构受力特点,对易出现裂纹的构造受力情况进行分析。通过ANSYS有限元软件,分别对公路正交异性桥面和铁路正交异性桥面建立模型,在移动荷载作用下,对桥面的竖向变形、横隔板部位的面外变形,以及U肋与腹板交叉部位构造的应力变化规律进行分析。研究结果表明:弧形缺口处面外和面内的变形、U肋与面板、U肋与横隔板交叉焊缝的起焊点和弧形缺口部位的最小净截面处的应力是引起正交异性板疲劳的主要因素,其主要受相邻2个横隔板范围内荷载的影响;荷载在桥宽方向只影响与其相邻(左右两侧)的两个U肋的肋角应力。     

波形钢腹板组合曲线箱梁应力分析

通过对3根单箱单室波形钢腹板组合曲线箱梁(简称CCBG(CSWs))进行试验研究,分析在三分点加载工况下,试验梁的破坏形态、正应力和横截面应力分布规律以及腹板的厚度和横隔板的数量对试验梁承载力的影响。结果表明:CCBG(CSWs)的破坏形态为腹板屈曲破坏,顶、底板裂纹以45°斜向和横向贯通裂纹为主分布;正应力在距荷载作用点175 mm范围内有突变;应变突变位置,由跨中位置向两端扩散;随着腹板厚度和中横隔板数量增加,组合结构的承载力有所提高,应力分布趋于稳定。     

设置跨内横隔板的箱形梁畸变效应分析

为了分析跨内横隔板布置对箱形梁畸变效应的影响,提出一种适用于跨内有横隔板的箱形梁畸变效应解析法。应用基于最小势能原理的能量变分法建立畸变控制微分方程并导出以克雷洛夫函数表达的初参数解。将跨内横隔板对畸变变形的约束作用通过未知畸变矩代替,并根据变形协调关系及初参数解确定未知畸变矩大小,从而获得有跨内横隔板的箱形梁畸变效应解析解。用该文解析法和ANSYS有限元法分别计算悬臂箱梁试验模型和简支箱梁算例的畸变效应,并分析跨中横隔板布置及截面参数变化对简支箱梁畸变效应的影响规律。研究结果表明：该文解析解与模型试验实测值及ANSYS有限元数值解均吻合良好;仅在跨中布置1道横隔板虽然可以减小畸变变形及畸变横向弯矩,但使畸变翘曲双力矩显著增大;随着悬臂板宽度的增大,腹板与顶板交接处的畸变翘曲应力迅速减小;腹板厚度变化对腹板与底板交接处的畸变翘曲应力也有显著影响。     

波折腹板钢梁柱弱轴半刚性连接性能研究

为研究波折腹板钢梁柱弱轴半刚性连接的性能,采用有限元软件ANSYS建立三维实体有限元模型,对连接进行加载模拟,得到弯矩-转角曲线、最大荷载时的节点区位移和von Mises应力云图、端板及节点附近柱腹板应变和变形,分析连接的受力性能。讨论了梁腹板高度、端板厚度和螺栓直径对弯矩-转角曲线的影响。研究结果表明:与梁受拉翼缘连接处的端板及与节点区域柱上加劲肋附近的腹板变形是梁柱产生相对转动的主要因素;梁腹板高度对连接的初始转动刚度及抗弯承载力有显著的影响;当板厚度与螺栓直径较小时,端板厚度与螺栓直径的变化对节点连接性能有较大的影响;随着外荷载的增加,弯矩-转角曲线由线性特征转为非线性。     

车辆荷载对隧道护拱衬砌安全性影响分析

为探讨施工车辆荷载对隧道护拱结构安全性的影响机制,以某高速铁路隧道下穿既有县道工程为依托,采用ANSYS进行施工车辆超载作用下护拱衬砌结构响应数值分析,系统分析了护拱结构的应力、变形特征,评价了护拱衬砌结构的安全性。研究结果表明:1)车辆荷载作用下,隧道护拱结构产生较大的拉应力和压应力,数值远超过填土自重荷载,车辆后轴作用在明洞正上方时为护拱衬砌的最不利工况;2)护拱衬砌拱顶产生竖向沉降变形,拱脚产生向内水平收敛变形,竖向变形最大值为0.037 mm,远大于水平变形;3)护拱衬砌拱顶承受拉应力,拱脚与围岩接触处也承受拉应力,拱脚有脱离围岩的可能性,护拱衬砌主应力最大值均未超过混凝土容许应力。研究成果可为类似工程提供参考。     

横撑对钢管混凝土拱桥稳定性能的影响

文章以某大跨径上承式钢管混凝土拱桥为研究对象,对比分析了五种不同的横撑布置形式对结构的受力性能、稳定性能的影响.研究结果表明:横撑的布置形式对结构的面外弯矩影响显著,在设计时应将这一影响纳入考虑范围;米字形撑容易造成较大的面外弯矩,使用时需要注意米字形撑接头附近的结构安全;在大跨径钢管混凝土拱桥中可以合理的使用K形撑或...     

Numerical method for predicting the elastic lateral distortional buckling moment of a mono-symmetric beam with web openings

When used as floor joists, the new mono-symmetric LiteSteel beam (LSB) sections require web openings to provide access for inspections and various services. The LSBs consist of two rectangular hollow flanges connected by a slender web, and are subjected to lateral distortional buckling effects in the intermediate span range. Their member capacity design formulae developed to date are based on their elastic lateral buckling moments, and only limited research has been undertaken to predict the elastic lateral buckling moments of LSBs with web openings. This paper addresses this research gap by reporting the development of web opening modelling techniques based on an equivalent reduced web thickness concept and a numerical method for predicting the elastic buckling moments of LSBs with circular web openings. The proposed numerical method was based on a formulation of the total potential energy of LSBs with circular web openings. The accuracy of the proposed method's use with the aforementioned modelling techniques was verified through comparison of its results with those of finite strip and finite element analyses of various LSBs.     

Shear behavior of partially encased composite I-girder with corrugated steel web: Numerical study

Shear behavior of partially encased composite I-girders with corrugated web has been investigated analytically and numerically in this paper. A 3-D finite element model with geometric and material nonlinearity is established and verified by the experiments. Subsequently, a parametric study is carried out to examine the effects of geometric and material properties on the shear behavior which includes corrugation, height, thickness, connection degree between steel web and concrete encasement. It is found that the ultimate shear strength of steel I-girders is improved with increases in the thickness, height and yield strength of corrugated web, while the ultimate shear strength of partially encased composite I-girders increases with the thickness, yield strength of corrugated web and the thickness, compressive strength of concrete encasement. However, the stud stiffness has little influence on the ultimate shear strength. Moreover, the concrete encasement improves the shear strength of steel I-girders, the degree of improvement increases with the thickness and compressive strength of the concrete, but decreases drastically with the thickness of corrugated web. Therefore, it is suggested that concrete should be poured on the corrugated web with thin thickness or low yield strength to prevent buckling occurrence before yielding of steel web. Finally, shear strength prediction equations are proposed and verified by numerical results. The calculated shear strength agree well with the numerical results for steel I-girders before and after composite with concrete, which indicates that the proposed analytical equations can be applied to predict the shear strength of such partially encased composite girders with corrugated web.     

Structural behaviour and design of lightweight structural panels using perforated cold-formed thin-walled sections under compression

Cold-formed thin-walled steel sections are widely used as primary loadbearing members in lightweight panels that form walls in residential and other low rise structures. In cold regions, the webs of the steel sections are often perforated to reduce the cold bridging effect in order to increase thermal comfort and reduce energy waste. Perforating the web of a steel section will reduce its loadbearing capacity. This paper presents the results of an experimental and numerical study to investigate the compression behaviour of lightweight structural panels using perforated sections. The primary objective of the tests is to provide experimental data to validate the numerical simulations, which were carried out using the commercial finite element analysis software ABAQUS. The validated FE analysis was used to develop a simple design calculation method to convert a section with perforated web to a section with solid web. In the equivalent solid web, the thickness of the solid web would have the same elastic local buckling strength as the original perforated web with the gross thickness while the thickness of the unperforated flanges remains unchanged. By converting a thin-walled section with perforated web to a solid section with an effective web thickness, the conventional design methods for thin-walled structures can be applied.     

工形截面钢拱考虑腹板局部屈曲的承载力设计方法研究

把工形截面钢拱的腹板做高做薄是提高其承载力的有效方法之一。该文采用大挠度弹塑性壳单元模型,研究焊接工形截面两铰圆弧钢拱在允许腹板局部屈曲条件下的平面内稳定承载力及其设计方法,其中考虑钢拱几何初始缺陷和残余应力的影响。首先,对钢拱在均匀轴压力作用下的承载力和破坏机理进行有限元数值分析和参数研究,考察拱截面腹板高厚比、钢拱几何长细比、截面翼缘腹板板厚比和翼缘宽厚比对钢拱稳定系数的影响。在设定的钢拱翼缘宽厚比范围内,基于大量的钢拱承载力数值分析结果,提炼出腹板高厚比和翼缘腹板板厚比组合效应的等效正则化腹板高厚比,进而获得钢拱稳定系数与等效正则化腹板高厚比以及钢拱正则化长细比之间关系的计算公式。其次,研究压弯组合作用下钢拱腹板高厚比变化对钢拱整体稳定承载力的影响,揭示钢拱压弯组合作用下的破坏机理及稳定承载力。最后通过对大量钢拱算例进行不同压弯组合工况下的极限承载力分析,提出了钢拱在一般荷载或组合荷载作用下承载力设计的计算公式。     

H型钢开坯轧制变形分析

借助有限元分析软件MSC SuperForm2 0 0 2对H型钢开坯轧制进行了模拟。分析了金属变形特点和轧件充满情况。研究表明 ,箱形孔中轧件腹板的变形与宽展较小 ,异形孔中轧件腹板与翼缘的的变形很不一致 ,腹板出变形区后厚度存在反弹增加现象。异形孔中轧件不能很好地充满孔型 ,异形孔中轧制压力较大。     

内置薄壁H形钢-木组合梁受弯性能研究

为实现钢材与木材的高效组合,提高钢木组合梁受弯性能,提出了一种内置薄壁H形钢-木组合梁。为研究其破坏过程、破坏形态及组合受力性能,以翼缘木板宽度、抗剪连接栓钉间距、薄壁H形钢厚度、翼缘木板厚度、腹板木板高度和腹板木板厚度等为变化参数开展了受弯试验。并提出了可用于预测内置薄壁H形钢-木组合梁挠度和受弯承载力的计算公式,进行了有限元分析。结果表明：依据内置薄壁H形钢-木组合梁破坏过程及特征,可出现受拉翼缘木板受拉断裂、腹板木板受拉区开裂以及受压翼缘木板受压破坏或薄壁H形钢受压翼缘严重压屈和严重粘胶剥离的受压破坏三种破坏模式;在配置截面面积比约3.5%的薄壁H形钢的情况下,内置薄壁H形钢-木组合梁的受弯承载力、抗弯刚度、耗能和延性相对于纯木梁明显提高;腹板木板高度、翼缘木板宽度、翼缘木板厚度和抗剪连接栓钉间距等参数影响内置薄壁H形钢-木组合梁受弯性能较为明显,增加腹板木板的高度、翼缘木板的宽度、翼缘木板的厚度和减小抗剪栓钉间距可明显提高内置薄壁H形钢-木组合梁的受弯承载力;增加薄壁H形钢厚度,可使内置薄壁H形钢-木组合梁受弯承载力和刚度得到一定程度的提高;腹板木板的厚度对内置薄壁H形钢-木组合梁的受弯承载力影响不甚明显。所提出内置薄壁H形钢-木组合梁的挠度及受弯承载力计算式和有限元模型合理有效,计算结果与试验结果吻合良好。     

预应力钢-混凝土组合结构受力性能的ANSYS分析

通过ANSYS有限元分析软件,建立了两跨预应力钢-混凝土组合结构连续梁的非线性分析模型,通过变换组合梁的高度和各钢板的厚度等参数分析梁的应力、挠度的变化等,综合比较分析腹板高度,底板厚度,腹板厚度,顶面板厚度和混凝土板厚度等因素对组合梁的影响并得出对梁的应力和挠度影响强弱依次为:腹板高,混凝土板高,腹板厚,底板厚和顶板厚。     

冷弯薄壁型钢C形梁受剪性能分析

为研究冷弯薄壁型钢C形梁的受剪性能,在已有试验基础上,采用ABAQUS有限元分析软件建立非线性数值模型,对比试验与有限元结果的受剪承载力、试件破坏特征、荷载 跨中挠度曲线等;进而探讨了C形梁剪跨比、腹板高厚比、腹板厚度以及钢材强度等因素对冷弯薄壁型钢C形梁受剪性能的影响。结果表明:剪跨比是影响冷弯薄壁型钢C形梁破坏特征的主要因素,当剪跨比在0.5~1.1之间时,C形梁处于纯剪切受力状态,此时破坏模式为剪切屈服;当剪跨比在1.1~2之间时,C形梁处于弯剪受力状态,此时破坏模式为弯剪破坏;随剪跨比的增加,冷弯薄壁型钢C形梁的受剪承载力及刚度均减小;当腹板高厚比在50~150之间时,冷弯薄壁型钢C形梁的受剪承载力及刚度随腹板高厚比增加而增大,跨中挠度减小;随着腹板厚度的增加,冷弯薄壁型钢C形梁受剪承载力及刚度明显提高;增加钢材强度可显著提高冷弯薄壁型钢C形梁受剪承载力,但对冷弯薄壁型钢C形梁的刚度影响较小。     

冷弯薄壁型钢钢板-螺栓梁柱节点滞回性能与恢复力简化模型研究

本文采用数值方法对冷弯薄壁型钢钢板-螺栓连接节点静力性能进行研究,讨论了三种梁柱腹板宽度情况下螺栓间距、连接板厚度、腹板厚度和翼缘宽度等因素对此连接性能的影响。研究结果表明,梁柱腹板宽度、连接板厚度、梁柱腹板厚度是影响该连接节点静力性能的主要因素,而改变螺栓间距、梁柱翼缘宽度对节点的初始刚度和极限承载力的影响均不明显。结合数值分析结果,给出三种截面形式节点的设计构造建议。节点滞回性能研究结果表明:冷弯薄壁型钢钢板-螺栓连接节点的延性系数在3~4左右;节点的耗能系数随转角位移增加逐渐增加,其在地震中能较好的吸收和耗散能量;随着梁柱腹板宽度的增大,延性系数与耗能系数逐渐增大。最后在现有的恢复力曲线简化模型基础上,提出了改进的双线性模型,形式简洁并具有较好的精度。     

Shear capacity of plate girders with trapezoidally corrugated webs

In this paper, the shear capacity of plate girders with trapezoidally corrugated webs is numerically studied using a non-linear finite element method. Effects of large deflections are taken into account and a perfectly elastic-plastic material model obeying a von Mises yield criterion is assumed. The following geometric parameters that influence the shear capacity of such girders are investigated: (1) the overall dimension of the web panel; (2) the web thickness; (3) the corrugation depth of the web; (4) the corrugation angle; and (5) the width of the plane sub-panel of the web. More specifically, the influence of these parameters both on the ultimate shear capacity and on the remaining shear capacity in the post-buckling range, as well as on the buckling modes, are reported. Based on the numerical results, empirical formulae that were proposed earlier for the prediction of the shear capacity are examined and suggestions for an optimal design of such girders in shear are given.