环境工程专业导论课程的设计与教学实践

专业导论课程对于帮助学生找到个人发展坐标、明确学习目标和树立正确的专业思想具有重要引导作用。针对环境工程专业的学科特点,分析了开设环境工程专业导论课的必要性和课程定位,构建了环境工程专业导论课的课程体系,剖析了该课程在教学理念、教学方式方面的关键问题。专业导论课程是专业教学的首要环节,从事专业教育的每位教师应该群策群力,研讨课程设置,切实为坚定学生专业意识和专业兴趣起到积极的推动作用。     

在化工专业新生中开设工程导论课程的探索与实践

分析了低年级大学生学习积极性不高的原因,阐述了在工科专业低年级开设工程导论课程的必要性,从课程内容、教学组织形式、教学反馈等方面介绍了我校在化工专业一年级学生中开设工程导论课程的探索与实践。工程导论课程对学生工程意识和专业兴趣的培养起到了积极推动作用。     

专业导论课程的教学改革与实践探索——以化学相关专业为例

专业导论课程的开设,对于帮助学生了解专业性质和内容、掌握学习方法、及早规划自身发展有着十分重要的导航作用。本文以华中科技大学化学与化工学院为例,分析了其专业导论课程创新性的课程设置,阐述了其采用的教学方法和资源整合方式,以及在实践中不断探索取得的教学成效。导论课程对学生专业意识和专业兴趣的培养起着积极的推动作用,高等院校应在实践中不断摸索,全面推进专业导论课程的开设,切实提高人才培养质量。     

生物工程专业开设《生物工程专业导论》课程的探索与实践

专业导论课对大学本科新生快速建立所学专业基本概念,宏观了解专业历史沿革、发展前沿和社会价值,加深对所学专业的感情和增强学习兴趣及主动性等方面具有明显地促进作用。文章探讨了《生物工程专业导论》课程开设的必要性,并对其教学内容、教学手段、考核方式方面进行了介绍和总结。     

新升本科院校专业导论课教学思考

专业导论课对大学新生了解专业情况以及专业学习有重要作用,因此探索专业导论课的教学,加强专业导论课程建设对提高大学教学质量,培养学生素质具有积极的意义。新升本科院校在专业导论课教学方面比较薄弱,在专业导论课的教学方面存在一些问题,需要从专业导论课的定位、教学内容、教学方法等方面进行改进,提高专业导论课教学质量。     

基于《生物工程专业导论》课程的教学改革初探

专业导论课程是面向本科新生的第一门专业基础课,因而在教学过程中帮助学生把握本专业的发展现状,激发学生对本专业的学习热情显得尤为重要。文章以生物工程专业为例,探讨了专业导论课程开设的重要性、教学内容以及教学方式的改革,从而达到专业导论课程的教学目标。     

化工导论一流课程建设研究与实践

化工导论课程是面向化工与制药类专业一年级学生开设的专业基础课程,旨在引导学生认知化 工行业发展历史和趋势、明确专业学习目标、培养专业兴趣和专业思维,为学生后续的专业知识学习和 创新能力培养奠定基础。基于化工导论课程教学中存在的问题,文章提出“五位一体”的课程建设思路 和“四元融合”的课程思政育人体系,并介绍了“三段五阶”教学模式的实践。化工导论课程建设取得了 一定成效,学生的专业认同感和工程创新能力显著提高。     

化学分离技术课程教学实践的探索

阐述了在高职工业分析与检测专业中开设分离技术课程的重要性和可行性，并根据化工企业对人才的需求和本课程的特点，以及近几年的教学实践经验等对如何上好这门课进行了有益的探索。     

中外合作办学条件下《食品质量与安全专业导论》课程教学改革研究

《食品质量与安全专业导论》是我校食品质量与安全专业第一学期开设的唯一一门专业必修课程,主要概括本专业的核心课程和专业领域的发展现状,以增强学生的专业意识和专业信心。本文针对中外合作办学模式下本专业学生存在的共性问题,结合该课程的教学经验,进行了三方面的教学改革探索,以期对其他中外合作办学专业课程提供一定的借鉴。     

面向本科留学生国际班的“环境科学与工程导论”课程教学改革探索

国际化环境保护专业人才,是我国生态环境保护和生态文明建设的重要力量。建设好《环境科学与工程导论》这一入门启发性课程,对于学生的专业学习和职业发展,至关重要。本文以天津大学为例,从课程团队建设、教学模式等方面,对面向留学生国际班开设的《环境科学与工程导论》课程的教学改革进行了初步探索,以期为环境领域国际化人才培养提供支撑。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。