"校企一体":高职创新创业教育的可行之路

目前我国绝大多数艺术设计类院校和相关专业已对学生创业教育问题达成共识,并积极开展了相关的研究与实践.然而在探索过程中,也普遍遇到了诸多问题和困惑,其中较为突出的是如何解决具备艺术设计类行业领域创业经验和教育经验双重素质的师资问题、如何让学生全面掌握艺术设计创业公司经营者所必须具备的经营管理知识能力、如何让创新创业教育保持长期有效的良性发展,业已成为艺术设计类行业领域创业教育成功与否的关键.本文结合探索实践,就"校企一体'培养艺术设计类学生创业能力"进行了分析论述.     

“校企一体”:高职创新创业教育的可行之路

目前我国绝大多数艺术设计类院校和相关专业已对学生创业教育问题达成共识,并积极开展了相关的研究与实践。然而在探索过程中,也普遍遇到了诸多问题和困惑,其中较为突出的是如何解决具备艺术设计类行业领域创业经验和教育经验双重素质的师资问题、如何让学生全面掌握艺术设计创业公司经营者所必须具备的经营管理知识能力、如何让创新创业教育保持长期有效的良性发展,业已成为艺术设计类行业领域创业教育成功与否的关键。本文结合探索实践,就"‘校企一体’培养艺术设计类学生创业能力"进行了分析论述。     

基于创新思维角度的教学模式探索与实践——以陶瓷艺术设计专业器物方向为例

通过分析陶瓷艺术设计（器物方向）专业教学中存在的问题,阐述创新思维在艺术设计教育中的重要性,探索一种新的教学模式以促进学生的创新思维和陶瓷艺术设计能力的培养,提升教学效果。总结在教学模式推广和实施中可能遇到的问题和挑战,提出应对策略和改进措施,以促进陶瓷艺术设计教育的发展和创新能力的培养。     

天然有机化学教学中提高学生创新意识和创新能力的探索

文章结合自身的教学实践,对如何在天然有机化学教学中提高学生创新意识和创新能力作了归纳,所采用的方法有五种,列举如下：修订教学大纲,突出本校学科特色;利用教师科研优势丰富和更新教学素材;教学与课外创新活动结合,探索开放式教学模式;加强实验课教学;改革和完善评价体系。     

化工类专业实践性教学环节的改革与创新教育的研究

南华大学化学化工学院在建设"四结合、多层次本科化工教育创新体系"的过程中,加强了实践环节教学,在第二课堂上开展学生课外科技活动的,突出了科研能力的培养,形成了以课堂为主,实验、综合设计、毕业设计和科研项目研究相结合的具有特色的创新教育模式,取得了阶段性成果.     

新工科背景下环境科学与工程省级特色专业建设与思考

特色专业是质量工程建设重要环节。根据新工科特征,围绕工程教育的新理念、学科专业的新结构、人才培养的新模式、教育教学的新质量、分类发展的新体系等内容开展实践,提出环境科学与工程特色专业建设目标与思路,从人才培养模式、教学团队、课程建设、教学模式改革、实践教学、制度创新等方面探索。打造以环境科学与工程为主的材料、化工等交叉学科专业群,形成较强教学科研团队,为新工科专业建设探索出一条有效途径。     

艺术设计与研究开发中心实训工场教学模式的研究

实训是实践教学实现职业教育培养目标的重要教学环节，尤其是艺术设计专业更应强化。围绕人才培养目标，培养高等职业技术人才，如何建立和完善实训基地，各院校都在不懈的探索。近年来各个学校内涵建设进行的如火如荼，针对高职院校实践教学相对薄弱的现状，突出、强化实践教学，创新高职学生实践能力、职业能力培养，完善实践教学已经迫在眉睫。     

“调味品特色”食品加工技术专业实践教学体系的构建与探索

针对我校食品加工技术专业的发展规划,对教学体系进行了探索与实践,初步构建出"调味品特色"食品加工技术专业创新应用型人才培养实践教学体系,但还需要进行长期的、不断的探索与实践,以更好地培养"调味品特色"食品加工技术专业人才。     

“新工科”背景下材料专业实践教学体系研究

以教育部对"新工科"建设的要求和国际工程教育专业认证为行动指南,探索材料专业实践教学培养新模式。通过构建"实验+实训+实习+创新创业+论文"的五位一体的实践教学体系,通过优化某一课程实验内容,改进教学方法,重点突出工程教育的培养,实现学校学生培养与社会用人需求的无缝对接。     

环境工程创新型人才培养模式探索和实践

针对创新实践型人才的需求缺口进行培养是高校人才培养的大势所趋,而创新实践型人才的培养需要认真的落实到教学的各环节才能实现。本研究从培养方案、教学团队、科研平台、校企合作以及整合资源优化教育条件等方面入手,对环境工程教学体系进行研究,整合师资力量以增强实践教学的能力,构建完整的、有现实意义的实践教学体系。实施创新型人才培养模式的探索和实践,使该专业的特色更加凸显,为社会输送更多优秀务实的专业人才。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

Novel polyurethane coating technology through glycidyl carbamate chemistry

Glycidyl carbamate chemistry combines the excellent properties of polyurethanes with the crosslinking chemistry of epoxy resins. Glycidyl carbamate functional oligomers were synthesized by the reaction of polyfunctional isocyanate oligomers and glycidol. The oligomers were formulated into coatings with several amine functional crosslinkers at varying stoichiometric ratios and cured at different temperatures. Properties such as solvent resistance, hardness, and impact resistance were dependent on the composition and cure conditions. Most coatings had an excellent combination of properties. Studies were carried out to determine the kinetics of the curing reaction of the glycidyl carbamate functional oligomers with multifunctional and model amines. Detailed kinetic analysis of the curing reactions was also undertaken. The results indicated that the glycidyl carbamate functional group is more reactive than a glycidyl ether group. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, on October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Highly moisture-proof polysilsesquioxane coating prepared via facile sol-gel process

A highly moisture-proof polysilsesquioxane coating was obtained from a new bis-silylated precursor, which was synthesized from 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and m-xylylene diisocyanate (m-XDI) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) and verified by ¹H MAS NMR. For direct comparison purposes, an SiO₂ coating was also prepared by the Stöber method using tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) as the reactant. Interestingly, the coating obtained from the polysilsesquioxane sol exhibited a much higher moisture resistance capability than its counterpart, which was attributed to its more compact feature between nanoparticles as characterized by N₂ absorption experiment and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Furthermore, its high transparency of about 92% showed potential for application in the protection of optical crystals.