钢包用刚玉-尖晶石砖

以电熔白刚玉、电熔尖晶石、氧化铝微粉为主要原料,经高温烧成,制成高纯刚玉－尖晶石钢包衬砖。制品性能优良,耐渣蚀、抗渗透。在钢包上使用取得良好效果     

Tests of olivinite-based ladle refractory brick

A lining of burned forsterite—chromite brick, with the olivinite mined at the Khabozerovskoe deposit as the base, was tested in the 385-ton steel-teerning ladle of the converter plant at the Severstal' Works. The brick was made by the method developed at the St. Petersburg Institute of Refractories. The characteristics of the brick are given. The ladle lining was tested on a wide range of converter steel grades. At the end of the service period, the lining was examined and the nature of its wear was identified. The experimental lining withstood 23 heats. It is thought promising to use refractory brick of the forsterite composition in large-tonnage steel-teeming ladles.     

Increasing the life of ladle brick

Conclusions A technology was developed for the manufacture of ladle brick of high resistance. The difference between the proposed method and that used at present is in the increase in alumina content of the bond part of the batch. The nonplastic may be ordinary grog made of first or second-grade clays normally used in the manufacture of ladle bricks. The optimum Al₂O₃ content in the bond part of the batch is 55–60%.A compulsory condition for increasing the service life of the ladle brick, in addition to a high content of alumina, is the density of the bonding part of the batch. Therefore, the firing temperature of the goods should be determined not by the porosity of the finished product in general, but by the porosity of the bond part of the batch.The chief norms for the manufacturing technology are as follows: a) a batch content of 50–55% ordinary grog made of first and second-grade clays, water absorption not more than 5%; b) a batch content of 50–45% mixture of combined grist of high-alumina grog and clay; the ratio of grog to clay in the mix should be from 6535 to 7030.The conclusions of the present article have been proved by manufacturing an industrial batch of goods and testing them in linings of ladles [14]. The technology has been included in a project for reconstructing the Bogdanovich refractories plant.     

Semiacid clays for making ladle brick

Conclusions The close relationship between the mineral composition, primary and secondary structures of clays, and their properties was confirmed.From semiacid clays we obtained ladle brick whose resistance in service is as good as that of high-grog brick made by the Borovich Refractories Combine.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 4, pp. 22–26, April, 1967.     

High-density ladle brick from Arkalyk clay

Conclusions The Bogdanovich Refractories Plant has developed a production technology for a high-quality high-density brick from clay from the Arkalyk deposits. Service tests with the brick showed that it increases the durability of the lining of steelcasting ladles of varied capacity by a factor of 1.6–2.0.To obtain the best results, the Arkalyk clays must be blended before being used.Deceased.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 3, pp. 28–31, March, 1977.     

铝镁尖晶石炭砖在盛钢桶上的应用

以铝镁尖晶石炭砖取代铝镁不烧砖在首钢第三炼钢厂９０ｔ盛钢桶上应用时效果良好．其侵蚀速率低，工作面反应层与变质层很薄，有较好的抗热震性能，尤其对抵抗碱性熔渣的侵蚀和渗透明显优于铝镁不烧砖。试验结果表明铝镁尖晶石炭砖的使用寿命比原用铝镁不烧砖提高一倍以上。     

Testing ladle brick made by various factories

Conclusions The resistance of linings in steel-casting ladles depends on the working conditions and the construction of the lining, the quality of the brick laying during repairs of the working layer, and the resistance of the ladle brick. The greatest effect on the wear of the lining in ladles is exerted by the following working conditions: chemical composition of the slag, temperature of the metal being cast, the dwell time of metal and slag in the ladle during one casting, the height of the slag layer in the ladle, the thickness of the lining in each belt of the structure. The quality of the structure in the ladles is mainly determined by the size of the joints, the care with which they are filled with mortar, uniformity of drying and warming-up of the ladles before filling them with metal.The resistance of the ladle brick depends mainly on the apparent porosity and nature of the pores and the concentration of fluxes and mullite in the brick.The highest resistance in service was shown by Zaporozh'e ladle brick made from Polozhe kaolin and having the lowest apparent porosity. The concentration of iron oxides in the brick was moderate, and on average equalled 1.39%.In terms of falling resistance the ladle brick of the remaining concerns can be placed in the following order: Chasov-Yar, Semiluks, Bogdanovich, Magnitogorsk, and Borovich.In order to increase the resistance of steel casting ladle linings it is necessary to increase the resistance of the ladle brick by reducing the apparent porosity, using raw materials with low concentrations of fluxes and improving the firing in order to obtain the maximum conditions of the ladle, reducing to a minimum the quantity of slag and reducing the casting time; to use a more rational thickness for laying the ladles over the courses, taking into account better use of their capacity.Translated from Ogneupory, No.5, pp. 27–32, May, 1970.     

不烧铝尖晶石钢包砖的研究

研究了不烧铝尖晶石钢包砖的结合剂、基质组成及相变化,提出了基质中相组成的计算公式。生产的不烧铝尖晶石钢包砖,在钢包渣线部位使用,取得了较好的使用效果。     

Chamotte and semiacid ladle brick from Barzassk clays

Conclusions The Barzassk (basic O1 and O2, and semiacid PK1) clays are suitable for making chamotte and semiacid ladle brick. The production of refractories from these clays can be organized using the technological production scheme for chamotte articles made by semidry pressing. In order to increase the strength of the green products made from semiacid clays it is necessary to reprocess the bodies with an addition of sulfite lye on runner mixers with rollers.The resistance of the experimental chamotte and semiacid brick in a 300-ton ladle was practically the same as that of ladle brick made from Buskul'sk clay produced by the Magnitogorsk Metallurgical Combine.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 5, pp. 1–5, May, 1969.     

Producing dense ladle brick with a kaolin bond

Conclusions The use of finely milled chamotte, triethanolamine, and bentonite in chamotte-kaolin batches considerably improves their moldability and sintering capacity, which enables us to obtain dense ladle brick with a porosity of 11–12% with a kaolin bond.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 4, pp. 10–13, April, 1972.