捷联寻的弹药惯性视线重构及制导系统设计

捷联导引头测量信息中耦合了弹体姿态信息,无法直接运用于制导指令解算.基于下视的捷联寻的方案,建立了从探测视线信息和弹体姿态信息中提取惯性视线角的理论解耦模型以及在倾斜稳定情况下的简化形式.通过非线性微分滤波器——跟踪微分器获得平滑的惯性视线角速率,设计了捷联寻的弹药制导综合系统.弹道仿真结果表明:基于下视的捷联寻的方案能够有效实现近程制导弹药的精确制导,具有一定的工程价值.     

捷联成像导引头相关跟踪算法研究

捷联式成像导引头的光学探测基准随弹体姿态运动而动态变化,其目标图像的运动形式呈现复杂的非线性时变特性,传统扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)方法难以有效地针对目标运动模型进行波门设置及视线估计。为此,本文首先建立了以目标机动在惯性成像坐标系内的投影为输入,弹体姿态信息作为时变参数的目标帧间运动模型,并在此基础上提出了一种新的相关跟踪算法。该算法通过应用中心差分卡尔曼滤波( CDKF)理论有效解决了成像跟踪中的波门设置问题,提高了目标位置的估值精度,同时提出一种改进的变尺寸模板更新策略,抑制了目标图像的形变和模板漂移对匹配精度的影响,进一岁提高了系统的跟踪的精度,并通过仿真验证了算法的良好跟踪性能。     

捷联多模导引头弹体角运动解耦设计

捷联导引头输出的信号中耦合有弹体姿态角运动信号,不宜直接用于弹体控制。文中采用直接安装在导引头上的速率陀螺输出的弹体角运动信号对雷达输出信号进行解耦,并针对多模导引头给出解耦电路。     

捷联导引头去耦算法研究

捷联导引头是空空导弹导引头的一个重要发展方向,由于其天线与弹体固连,隔离弹体姿态扰动对导引头测量信息的影响是其急需解决的关键技术之一。本文在分析捷联导引头特点的基础上,提出了一种角速度补偿型捷联去耦算法,并利用导引头波束指向在惯性空间变化率为零的特点,推导出三维空间中捷联去耦算法的实现形式,最后通过计算机仿真验证了算法的有效性。     

捷联雷达导引头天线平台角稳定技术研究

针对传统速率陀螺平台在小型雷达导引头上应用的局限性,分析了捷联式天线平台系统特点。基于多级坐标变换,对捷联式天线平台角速度稳定算法进行了研究,且采用角度卡尔曼滤波和多普勒跟踪回路的信息估算出目标视线角速度。仿真结果表明,多级坐标变换算法能有效保持天线平台捷联稳定,采用卡尔曼滤波和多普勒跟踪回路的信息估算目标视线角速度精度高、计算量小。     

滚仰式捷联导引头跟踪原理与仿真

分析了滚仰式捷联导引头的跟踪原理。由刚体转动运动学原理推导出滚仰式捷联导引头隔离弹体扰动的指令角速度,通过坐标变换对滚仰式导引头的跟踪控制指令进行了分析,并综合考虑横滚、俯仰两轴平台动力学模型、力矩电机模型,建立了滚仰式捷联导引头捷联稳定与跟踪的一体化模型,在Matlab/Simulink环境下进行的仿真表明,所建立的一体化模型是可行的。     

相控阵雷达导引头捷联波束稳定算法研究

相控阵雷达导引头是空空导弹导引头发展的一个重要方向,由于相控阵天线与弹体固连,捷联波束稳定是其急需解决的关键技术之一。在分析相控阵雷达导引头特点的基础上,提出了捷联波束稳定的方案,利用弹目视线在惯性空间不变的原理,推导并得出适应于相控阵雷达导引头的捷联波束稳定算法,并通过计算机仿真验证了算法的有效性。     

基于虚拟场景的捷联图像制导半实物仿真关键技术

将捷联图像制导导引头实物和遥控中心引入仿真回路,利用虚拟场景,不仅为测试、改进导引头和目标识别与跟踪算法提供试验条件,更直观显示出弹丸的实时受控飞行弹道和相关数据。文中重点讨论了系统中的关键技术:虚拟场景生成系统、弹-目相对运动关键参数的计算以及系统实时性和子系统之间的协调同步问题等。该系统已成功应用于某型捷联图像制导导弹武器系统的半实物仿真试验中,取得了令人满意的效果。     

基于 RBF 神经网络的滚仰式导引头控制系统设计

为保证滚仰式捷联导引头的稳定控制,提出了一种基于 RBF 神经网络整定的 PID 控制策略,用于导引头稳定回路校正环节。根据滚仰式捷联导引头的运动学与动力学关系,结合导引头稳定回路校正环节采用的 RBF 神经网络 PID 控制算法,建立了滚仰式捷联导引头稳定与跟踪一体化仿真模型;仿真结果表明：滚仰式捷联导引头稳定回路采用 RBF 神经网络整定的 PID 控制器后,其动态性能优于传统 PID 控制器,建立的仿真模型能够对机动目标实现快速稳定跟踪,在工程应用中可提供有益参考。     

半捷联导引头稳定平台的双环滑模变结构控制

为了使半捷联导引头系统在多种扰动和不确定性因素的环境下仍然具有很强的鲁棒性,建立了导引头半捷联稳定平台数学模型,通过分析干扰力矩和弹体扰动及本身结构参数的变化对半捷联稳定平台的影响,提出了双环滑模变结构控制器设计方案。理论推导和仿真结果表明:双环变结构控制对弹体扰动和干扰力矩具有很强的鲁棒性,对系统结构参数具有较好的自适应性,在有精确角位置传感器硬件保障和优良的微分算法条件下可望在半捷联导引头稳定平台伺服回路中获得应用。     

Nitrosation and Nitration of Tetraacetyldibenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane

Tetraacetyldibenzylhitane (TADBIW) was subjected to debenzylation by nitrosating with inorganic materials available commercially to synthesize tetraacetyldinitrosohexaazaisowurtzitane (TADNSIW). TADNSIW was purified, and its structure was determined by FTIR, 1H NMR, MS and element analysis. The debenzylation reaction of TADBIW gave quantitative benzaldehyde as a by-product. This indicates that the reaction produces an imine cation as an intermediate. Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW) was prepared from unpurified TADNSIW with the yield over 96.0 % and the purity more than 98.0 %. And the mechanism of the reaction from TADNSIW to HNIW is proposed to be oxidation of nitroso and nitration of acetyl on the molecule of TADNSIW, This reaction system involved is simple, and the reaction can complete within a short time and under mild conditions. The product can be easily to separate and the waste disposed readily.     

A Robust Algorithm for Watermarking 2D Vector Maps with Low Shape-Distortions

The technique of watermarking has been introduced into 2D vector maps for many potential applications such as protecting the copyright of important GIS （geographical information system） data and tracing the data source of military maps. In most previous works, although the validity of the map data could be preserved during the embedding procedure, the shape-distortions of the map elements are usually neglected which would tend to degrade the invisibility of the watermarking schemes. A shape-preserving algorithm for watermarking 2D vector maps is presented in this paper. A 1D distance sequence extracted from the original map is adopted as the cover data instead of 2D coordinates. A watermark bit is represented by changing the distributions of the cover data. The embedding procedure induces lower shape-distortions than in former works. Experimental results indicate better invisibility of the proposed scheme, as well as its robustness to certain attacks such as map simplification, interpolation, additive noise and most geometric transforms.     

Open Rule-setting System Applied to Conceptual Design of Engines

Open rule-setting method advanced in this paper concentrates on providing designers of engines with a convenient way to express their design innovations and develop the expected prototypes in the early CAD stage, and constitute effective models for the following analysis process of CAE and CAPP. The problems arisen in the process of conceptual design with the traditional experience-based development method are analyzed. Based on those analyses, open rule-setting method is presented and some associated technical problems are discussed. The functional framework of open rule-setting system was built as software engineering methods. The speciality of the engine product as a kind of complex product and the requirement of the engine product based on its structural particularity to rule-setting system are considered carefully. A demonstration is supplied to illustrate how the open rule-setting method enhances the efficiency and quality of the engine conceptual design.     

Research on Linux Network Device Driver

By analyzing the working principle of Linux network device driver, discussing the Linux network driver structure and its key technologies, the general network driver structure and its design methodologies in Linux system are summarized. Through modifying the network device driver of Linux device driver 3rd version snull, c and improving the COW technology, the Zero-Copy technology in Linux （kernel version 2.6.11 ） is implemented. In the end, the success test tells us that the thorough analysis of network device driver is the foundation of many applications, and it also provides a certain improvement to a lot of real applications, even to military application development.     

Improvement and Experiment of the Reamer in Vibra Cutter Against Wave Edge of Titanium Sheet Alloy Parts

By analyzing the influencing factors of part quality making of sheet alloy of titanium by vibra cutter, the shape of upper reamer is set as cylinder and wedge-shaped form, and the lower reamer as plain and hemicycle form, and its main structural parameters are defined as well. Then it is validated further that such improved vibra cutter reamer can be used to process curve-edged parts of titanium alloy sheet. The experimental result shows that the titanium alloy sheet parts processed by above equipment have no sharpen angles for convex parts and evident crevasse of concave-edged part. In summary, such improvement can eliminate the free-waved edge and improve the manufacture quality of titanium alloy sheet parts greatly.     

Experimental Study on the Small Flyer Initiating Behavior of Fine-grained Explosives

The initiating behavior of fine-grained explosives by small flyer is studied. The diameter of small flyer in this device is 1 ram. The test results indicate that the granularity of explosives has great effect on its flyer initiating sensitivity.The flyer initiating sensitivity of the fine-grained explosives is higher and the critical initiating energy is lower than that of common explosives. For common explosive, the flyer initiating sensitivity increases as the density is reduced. But for the fine-grained explosive, the test results are exactly opposite.     

Algorithm for Multi-laser-target Tracking Based on Clustering Fusion

Multi-laser-target tracking is an important subject in the field of signal processing of laser warners. A clustering method is applied to the measurement of laser warner, and the space-time fusion for measurements in the same cluster is accomplished. Real-time tracking of multi-laser-target and real-time picking of multi-laser-signal are introduced using data fusion of the measurements. A prototype device of the algorithm is built up. The results of experiments show that the algorithm is very effective.     

Influence of Installing Error on the Surface Shape Precision of the Axial Symmetry Aspheric Workpiece in Lapping

A method to calculate the surface shape error, which is caused by the installing error between the workpiece and the lapping tool in the process of form lapping, is proposed. The mathematical model which the installing translation error influences on the workpiece surface shape error is established. The changing rule of the error is simulated through the calculating example of the paraboloid workpiece. The results indicate that the surface shape error of the workpiece is increasing with the increase of the installing translation error, it is also increasing gradually along the center point of the curve surface to the edge, and the influence is severer to the curve surface with great curvature than that of the small curvature when the translation error is the same.     

Experimental Research on Output Performances of Giant Magnetostrictive Actuator

The paper introduces the performances of magnetostrictive actuators and its applications, discusses the design methods for the structure and internal magnetic circuit of a giant magnetostrictive actuator, and makes tests on the output displacement and force characteristics for an actuator using homemade magnetostrictive material. The experimental result shows that the actuator has satisfactory output precisions and ranges in transient and stable states, and can be used in lowfrequency vibration control system of precise equipment.     

Robust Graded Sliding Mode Tracking Control for Low Speed Spinning Ballistic Missiles

The nonlinear dynamic model of spinning ballistic missiles is established during the first boosting phase of the missile. Based on the conventional backstepping sliding mode control and the assumption of a two time-scale separation of missile dynamics, a graded sliding mode controller is designed with two sub-sliding surfaces which have invariability to external disturbances and parameter perturbations, and a matrix which comprises three first order low pass filters is introduced to prevent ＂explosion of terms＂. Owing to the upper bounds of the uncertainties are difficult to obtain in advance, adaptive laws are introduced to estimate the values of the uncertainties in real-time. Eventually, the numerical simulation results given to show the proposed controller can ensure the steady flight of missiles.