The study of youth online: a critical review and agenda

The increasing and pervasive use of online technologies, especially social media, has inspired scholars to investigate how the Internet influences communication. As young people represent the fastest growing adopters of new online technology, much of this research targets youth activity online. But how is the communication discipline taking up this issue, broadly? Typically left to new media and computer-mediated communication scholars, we argue youth online activity raises new and exciting possibilities for researchers across the communication discipline. In this paper, we present a qualitative content analysis of communication research about youth and the Internet. Our analysis of over 700 journal articles provides a clear picture of past and present trends in communication research of youth online activity. Furthermore, we discuss the top four content themes, including: uses and gratifications, engagement, identity, and the uniqueness of youth experience. Critically, we articulate how such research organizes and positions youth in meaningful ways, paving the way for issues of inclusion. We call for a shift from a “difference” framework to one that more explicitly considers “complexity” before suggesting opportunities for future research that crosses and unites subdisciplinary boundaries.     

“智能+”与全媒体视域下的中国新媒体发展布局分析

近几年来,我国对于互联网和相关新媒体工作的规划已经开始呈现密集的特点。在我国相关政策的支持下,新媒体发展理念得到重新规划。通过“智能+”的方式有效推动新媒体向数字生态系统方面发展。先说明“智能+”与全媒体视域下中国新媒体的总体内容,然后说明中国新媒体的未来发展趋势。     

An automated sensor nodes’ speed estimation for wireless sensor networks

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have become more and more notorious thanks to their numerous advantages. But, some of the WSN weaknesses, inherent to sensor nodes’ particularities (low memory, finite battery, etc.), make these networks vulnerable especially for some particular scenarios such as nodes’ mobility which alters the correct network functioning and completely compromises its normal behavior. Thus, we propose in this paper a novel mobility prediction model called the general Bayesian-based mobility prediction (G-BMP) model where sensor nodes’ speed values are derived based on a Bayesian inference paradigm and upon the occurrence of “expired links” and “non-expired links” events. Moreover, to make the implementation of G-BMP possible on sensor devices, we introduce some simplifications during the computation and the transmission of speed distributions. The evaluation of G-BMP using python illustrates the accuracy of the model in deriving the correct speed values in a timely manner. We also compare the performance of G-BMP to the native BMP model that only considers the expired link events when updating the nodes’ speed distributions. The results show that the convergence to real speed values within sensor nodes is faster with G-BMP than that with the native BMP model. In addition, all the simulations illustrate the accuracy of the simplifications used to reduce the overhead generated by the frequent exchange of speed distributions.     

智能时代有线电视转型升级的新思路

随着信息科技水平的不断进步和发展,大数据平台逐渐成为媒体发展的“主战场”,人工智能也伴随着大数据时代的到来逐渐与媒体融合。而有线电视作为传统媒体的代表,储存着海量信息,要想在新媒体时代破茧成蝶,就必须掌握正确的转型方式,提高市场竞争力。结合大数据、人工智能、5G等新兴技术的发展趋势,从智能内容审核、电视终端智能收集、市场决策方式以及5G技术方面进行分析,为有线电视提供发展的新思路与新选择。     

进入融媒时代新闻评论呈现的新态势

近年来,融媒时代的新闻评论在媒体人的积极探索与实践下,呈现出良性发展的新态势。主要呈现出3个方面的特征,即“功能项”的提升,新闻评论“风向标”功能的高扬、“定海神针”功能的强化和“助燃器”功能的发挥;“价值链”的延展,新闻评论价值在交流中竞现、在对流中拓展、在汇流中延伸;“新形象”的展现,具有“短平快”的速率、互动化的方式和接地气的话语。     

Rational Design of Organic Semiconductors for Texture Control and Self‐Patterning on Halogenated Surfaces

Understanding the interactions at interfaces between the materials constituting consecutive layers within organic thin‐film transistors (OTFTs) is vital for optimizing charge injection and transport, tuning thin‐film microstructure, and designing new materials. Here, the influence of the interactions at the interface between a halogenated organic semiconductor (OSC) thin film and a halogenated self‐assembled monolayer on the formation of the crystalline texture directly affecting the performance of OTFTs is explored. By correlating the results from microbeam grazing incidence wide angle X‐ray scattering (μGIWAXS) measurements of structure and texture with OTFT characteristics, two or more interaction paths between the terminating atoms of the semiconductor and the halogenated surface are found to be vital to templating a highly ordered morphology in the first layer. These interactions are effective when the separating distance is lower than 2.5 d_w, where d_w represents the van der Waals distance. The ability to modulate charge carrier transport by several orders of magnitude by promoting “edge‐on” versus “face‐on” molecular orientation and crystallographic textures in OSCs is demonstrated. It is found that the “edge‐on” self‐assembly of molecules forms uniform, (001) lamellar‐textured crystallites which promote high charge carrier mobility, and that charge transport suffers as the fraction of the “face‐on” oriented crystallites increases.     

Molecular Stacking Induced by Intermolecular C–H···N Hydrogen Bonds Leading to High Carrier Mobility in Vacuum‐Deposited Organic Films

Simple bottom‐up fabrication processes for molecular self‐assembly have been developed for the construction of higher‐order structures using organic materials, and have contributed to maximization of the potential of organic materials in chemical and bioengineering. However, their application to organic thin‐film devices such as organic light‐emitting diodes have not been widely considered because simple fabrication of a solid film containing an internal self‐assembly structure has been regarded as difficult. Here it is shown that the intermolecular C–H···N hydrogen bonds can be simply formed even in vacuum‐deposited organic films having flat interfaces. By designing the molecules containing pyridine rings properly for the intermolecular interaction, one can control the molecular stacking induced by the intermolecular hydrogen bonds. It is also demonstrated that the molecular stacking contributes to the high carrier mobility of the film. These findings provide new guidelines to improve the performance of organic optoelectronic devices and open up the possibilities for further development of organic devices with higher‐order structures.     

Presidential Address: Digital Media Use and the Experience(s) of Childhood: Reflections Across the Generations

Does media use define the experience of childhood? The present article, based on Jordan's Presidential Address at the International Communication Association's 66th annual conference, argues that while we often view media technologies as dividing generations, it is equally valuable to consider how they connect generations and enhance their well‐being. It highlights the challenges of systematically studying youth and media in this way, particularly in an environment where “everyone's an expert” and judgments are based on personal experiences. The article concludes by arguing that as a field we must recognize that the experience of “childhood” is not monolithic. The study of media in children's lives must reflect the familial, economic, social, political, and geographic contexts in which they develop.     

There Are No Old Media

Despite its ubiquity in scholarly and popular publications, relatively few attempts have been made to interrogate the meanings and implications of the notion of “old media.” This article discusses this notion in the context of theoretical debates within media and communication studies. Defining old media as artifacts, technologies, or in terms of their social use is problematic, because media constantly change, resisting clear‐cut definitions related to age. The article therefore proposes to treat new media as a relational concept: not an attribute characterizing media as such, but an element of how people perceive and imagine them. Rhetoric, everyday experience, and emotions are key contexts where new ground can be found to redefine the concept of “old media.”     

“一带一路”背景下高职院校国际化人才培养探析

国际化人才是指具有国际化意识的, 具有一流的知识结构和国际化视野, 在全球化竞争中善于把握机遇和争取主动的高层次人才。高职院校肩负高职教育的发展使命, 应高度重视“一带一路”倡议带来的发展机遇, 改变原有的办学思路, 调整和优化人才培养模式。要用内涵发展带动特色发展, 用特色发展带动创新发展, 用创新发展带动国际化发展, 真正做到将“国际化”融入学校的发展战略, 将学生的国际化视野作为人才培养的重要目标之一, 以期为中国和“一带一路”沿线国家培养出合格的国际化复合型专业人才。     

Some Dared Call It Torture: Cultural Resonance,Abu Ghraib,and a Selectively Echoing Press

This study draws upon research on “indexing” and “cascading activation” to explore U.S. political and news discourse surrounding the Abu Ghraib prison scandal. Specifically, we systematically analyze White House, military, congressional, and news messages. In so doing, we incorporate scholarship on social identity theory to suggest why news media challenge certain White House frames but uncritically echo others. Our data demonstrate that White House frames were consistently challenged by Democrats in the opposing party, but that these competing congressional messages were largely absent in news coverage. These results challenge previous research on news coverage of Abu Ghraib. We discuss how these patterns align with and expand Entman's cascading activation model of press‐state relations, and consider the implications for future scholarship.     

新闻评论节目的电视发展战略窥探——以《老梁观世界》为例

随着电视新闻行业在新媒体时代引擎下的迅速发展,新闻评论节目近年来在影视领域逐渐备受关注,金飞、周立波等新闻明星也进入广大观众的视野之内。梁宏达老师主持的《老梁观世界》等新闻评论节目,以其目光的敏锐、观点的犀利,得到时事爱好者和新闻关注者的普遍认同,但也招致一定争议。以《老梁观世界》为研究对象,通过对老梁评论艺术的分析研讨,试图以点带面窥探新媒体时代新闻评论节目的电视发展战略。     

Nate Silver and Campaign 2012: Sport,the Statistical Frame,and the Rhetoric of Electoral Forecasting

Political communication scholars have long noted the prevalence of sports metaphors in media coverage of campaigns, especially through references to the “horse race.” During the 2012 presidential election, however, a cluster of terms associated with science and math emerged as an alternative model for monitoring the campaigns' progress. This “statistical frame” was best symbolized by Nate Silver, a former baseball analyst whose attention to politics was among the most celebrated aspects of the 2012 election. This essay evaluates the rhetorical effect of the statistical frame, which helps to shift attention away from outmoded political communication practices associated with predictions and punditry. This shift has implications for political media, political campaigns, and our understanding of the relationship between politics and sport.     

Chancen und Potentiale multimedialer Systeme in Bildung und Ausbildung

This survey on the central trends of information technology shows that the old labour market becomes increasingly a market of cognitive processes. Human work and technical information processing compete directly with each other, the latter growing more successful. This situation requires a principally new orientation of education qualifying the homo sapiens informaticus with an adequate complementarity of human and technical information processing. In particular, all old curricula have to be redesigned, the aim being “psychic mobility with information technology”. In this context it is indispensable to make all media systems in schools and universities available as notebooks. Part of this is that the state, being obliged to educate and to train, supplies the proper organizational structures for information access.     

新媒体科学传播亲和力的话语构建研究

新媒体是科学传播的重要中介,话语是科学传播的实现载体,亲和力是科学传播的重要"情商",也是话语传播艺术的核心,是关系科学传播效果、拉近公众与科学距离的黏合剂。新媒体具有复杂、开放而动态的语境特征,借力这一语境构建科学传播的话语活力和效力,要聚焦新媒体、科学传播、话语、亲和力四者之间的紧密而复杂的关系。提出"新媒体技术虚拟语境"这一概念,并在这一特殊语境中探讨科学传播亲和力的话语构建的重难点。     

Segmenting consumers based on social media advertising perceptions: How does purchase intention differ across segments?

Digitalization, personalization and globalization shape how companies contact and communicate with their consumers who have different needs and wants. In these highly competitive heterogeneous markets, it becomes crucial to reach consumers in an easy, low-cost and more targeted manner. Social media advertising is one of the effective ways of attracting potential customers, retaining attention of current customers and influencing them through persuasive content. Despite its plentiful and obvious advantages, the variation among consumers’ responses to social media advertising remains as a major challenge. Hence, this study aims to identify different consumer segments based on the social media advertising features, discover differences in their individual traits, and examine variation among those segments in terms of the factors that predict their purchase intentions. By utilizing cluster analysis, consumers are segmented according to their perceptions regarding social media advertising features: perceived relevance, performance expectancy, hedonic motivation, informativeness, and interactiveness. It is revealed that consumers are grouped under three segments, namely: “susceptible”, “dispassionate”, and “impervious”. It is found that there are statistically significant differences among these segments in terms of being easily persuaded, impulse buying tendency, self-confidence, and social network proneness in which consumers in “susceptible” segment are more easily persuaded, have high level of self-confidence, have more impulse buying tendency, and are more prone to social networks when compared to other groups. It is also discovered that there are differences among these segments in terms of the factors that determine their purchase intentions for the products presented in social media advertising. The purchase intention of consumers in “susceptible” segment for products exhibited in social media advertising, is determined by perceived relevance, ease of being persuaded, self-confidence and social network proneness. On the other hand, the purchase intention of consumers in the “dispassionate” segment is shaped by informativeness, ease of being persuaded, and social network proneness. Finally, the purchase intention of consumers in “impervious” segment is influenced by hedonic motivation, perceived relevance, impulse buying tendency, and ease of being persuaded. Nevertheless, when the whole sample is considered, it is observed that consumers’ purchase intentions for the products and services presented in social media advertising are influenced by the following factors: perceived relevance, performance expectancy, informativeness, impulse buying tendency, ease of being persuaded, and social network proneness. Understanding differences across segments can help companies design, manage and convey their social media advertising campaigns to their target audience in a convincing, timely, effective, and efficient way, which in turn, let them gain competitive advantage in highly volatile and dynamic markets.     

5G时代下虚拟现实技术与自媒体产业融合研究

5G时代下自媒体产业的主体更加多元,产业内容更加丰富以及自媒体的内容趋向直观化发展。虚拟现实技术应用到自媒体的发展过程中,有利于自媒体的品牌形象打造、推动自媒体的创新发展,并且能够提升自媒体的交互能力。5G时代下,自媒体产业与虚拟现实技术的融合,应当从内容生产、宣传推广、传播技术和发展定位四个角度进行。     

一种提升城区网格道路5G覆盖率的新方法

城区网格道路是移动通信用户重要的使用场景。与其他用户静止场景相比,道路上UE移动性导致客户感知相对较差。传统城区网格道路测试优化存在整治不彻底、优化效率低、工单重复派、工作无重点等痛点。提出了一种提升城区网格道路5G覆盖率的新方法,引入测试问题圆域的概念,实现了零星测试问题点的有效聚合,并用“聚合度”“重复度”定量标识测试问题优先级;通过测试问题圆域“理想方位角”和“合适小区”的计算,提出了测试问题最优覆盖小区的计算方法,可有效输出问题圆域的优化方案。所提方法已在现网部署,有效支撑了全网城区网格道路测试优化工作,5G覆盖率由89.95%提升到98.86%,应用效果较好。     

Recognition and elimination of SSDF attackers in cognitive radio networks

The nature of cognitive radio (CR) technology creates a lot of opportunities for attackers. When an attack occurs, the function of the primary network is affected and thus the overall system performance will be reduced. In the present paper, we introduce and simulate a novel method for identifying spectral sensing data falsification (SSDF) attack and recognizing the malicious users (MU), which we refer to as “Recognition and Elimination of SSDF Attackers”. Our proposed scheme uses the generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) approach for solving the MUs detection problem. In this method, we do not need previous information about the network and number of the MUs and secondary users (SUs). In addition to detecting the occurrence of an attack, our method can recognize attackers. By recognizing the MUs, their negative effect will be eliminated and the cognitive radio network (CRN) performance will return to normal condition. Consequently, our scheme can save resources by identifying the strategy of the known attackers. Simulation results reveal that our detection and recognition scheme is better than some of methods available.

     

Implementation of a Communications Channelizer using FPGAs and RNS Arithmetic

The emergence of mobile Internet services has introduced a set of transmission and presentation standards that aim to address multimedia. At the same time, the limited resources of cellular networks and terminals set strict requirements to the bandwidth-limited transmission and presentation. We propose a new abstract model to adapt and represent multimedia in mobile environments to meet these restrictions. The model includes a layered mapping of semantic and physical entities and is combined under the taxonomy of “multimedia adaptation” to optimize an end-to-end mobile service. Our technique is media and presentation format independent and easily absorbs additions. We conclude with an example mobile service that utilizes the proposed techniques.