机械球磨法制备纳米晶Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B95的结构研究

对Ｆｅ７３．５Ｃｕ１ｎｂ３Ｓｉ１３．５Ｂ９成分的母合金进行了机械球磨，并对不同时间的球磨样品进行了Ｘ射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）和Ｍｏｓｓｂａｕｅｒ谱（ＭＳ）的测量，结果表明样品难以完全非晶化，形成了无序的αＦｅ－Ｓｉ固溶体的纳米晶，晶粒尺寸在５ｎｍ左右，同时共存一部分富集Ｎｂ，Ｂ元素的界面非晶相。在各种球磨条件下对αＦｅ－Ｓｉ固溶体中的Ｓｉ含量进行了计算。     

退火Fe_（73．5）Cu_1Nb_3Si_（13．5）B_9合金中α－Fe（S

用ＸＲＤ法研究了退火Ｆｅ７３．５Ｃｕ１Ｎｂ３Ｓｉ１３．５Ｂ９合金中α－Ｆｅ（Ｓｉ）晶化相的有序化过程．结果表明，Ｆｅ７３．５Ｃｕ１Ｎｂ３Ｓｉ１３．５Ｂ９非晶合金在４９０℃，１ｈ退火后，α－Ｆｅ（Ｓｉ）晶化相是具有ＤＯ３结构的有序相，有序畴为球形，直径为７．０ｎｍ，它随退火温度的升高而长大，在５９０℃退火后达１０．９ｎｍ，与α－Ｆｅ（Ｓｉ）的尺寸相当．此时，α－Ｆｅ（Ｓｉ）的有序度为０．８在８５０℃，１ｈ退火后，α－Ｆｅ（Ｓｉ）的ＤＯ３超点阵线条消失．在５５０℃等温退火时，α－Ｆｅ（Ｓｉ）的ＤＯ３有序畴先为椭球状，于６０ｍｉｎ退火后形成球状，直径为１０ｎｍ．     

等温退火Fe_（73．5）Cu_1Mo_3Si_（13．5）B_9合金的纳米晶结

本文用ＸＲＤ和ＴＥＭ研究了Ｆｅ_（７３．５）Ｃｕ_１Ｍｏ_３Ｓｉ_（１３．５）Ｂ_９非晶合金在５２０℃，２０－１２０ｍｉｎ退火后形成的纳米晶结构。结果表明，晶化相为局部具有ＤＯ_３超结构的α－Ｆｅ（Ｓｉ），尺寸约为１４ｎｍ，α－Ｆｅ（Ｓｉ）晶粒由ＤＯ_３有序区和无序区组成。随退火时间的延长，α－Ｆｅ（Ｓｉ）的体积分数，Ｓｉ含量及ＤＯ３有序区尺寸增加。在退火时间为６０ｍｉｎ时，残余非晶相处于一特殊结构状态。α－Ｆｅ（Ｓｉ）相和残余非晶相结构对合金的起始磁导率均有影响。     

THE ORDERING OF THE α-Fe(Si)PHASE IN Fe_(73.5)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(13.5)B_9 ANNEALED ALLOY

用ＸＲＤ法研究了退火Ｆｅ７３．５Ｃｕ１Ｎｂ３Ｓｉ１３．５Ｂ９合金中α－Ｆｅ（Ｓｉ）晶化相的有序化过程，结果表明，Ｆｅ７３．５Ｃｕ１Ｎｂ３Ｓｉ１３．５Ｂ９非晶合金在４９０℃，１ｈ退火后，α－Ｆｅ（Ｓｉ）晶化相是具有ＤＯ３结构的有序相，有序畴为球形，直径为７．０ｎｍ，它随退炎温度的升颃是长大，在５９０℃退火后达１０．９ｎｍ，与α－Ｆｅ（Ｓｉ）的尺寸相当，此时α－Ｆｅ（Ｓｉ）的有序度为０．８，在８５０℃     

Fe_（76．5－x）Cu_1Nb_xSi_（13．5）B_9纳米晶合金的结构和磁性研究

本文研究了Ｆｅ（７６．５－ｘ）Ｃｕ１ＮｂｘＳｉ（１３．５）Ｂ９纳米晶合金中Ｎｂ含量的变化（ｘ＝１－７）对结构和磁性的影响。结果表明，随ｘ值的增高，α－Ｆｅ（Ｓｉ）纳米晶相的尺寸减小，体积分数，含Ｓｉ量及其ＤＯ_３有序度降低。Ｎｂ含量对残余非晶相的结构有影响。合金的饱和磁致伸缩系数（λｓ）随ｘ值的增加而增大，在ｘ＝３时，合金的起始磁导率（μｉ）最大，矫顽力（Ｈｃ）最小。     

Fe73.5Cu1Mo3Si13.5B9微晶软磁合金的结构及其对磁性的影响

对Ｆｅ７３．５Ｃｕ１Ｍｏ３Ｓｉ１３．５Ｂ９微晶软磁合金的结构及其对合金磁性的影响了研究，结果表明，在最佳磁性能下，晶相点阵常数ａ＝０．２８４３ｎｍ，相当于Ｆｅ（Ｓｉ）固溶体中含Ｓｉ％（ｍｏｌ／ｍｏｌ）：１８－２０，体积百分数Ｖ＝７４．８％，晶粒尺寸Ｄ＝１４．６ｎｍ；残余非晶层厚度δ＝１．２３ｎｍ；当Ｔ退火≥５６０℃时明显有Ｆｅ－Ｂ化合物析出。Ｆｅ７３．５Ｃｕ１Ｍｏ３Ｓｉ１３．５Ｂ９合金的磁性不仅与     

预退火对Fe73.5Cu1Mo3Si13.5B9纳米晶合金形成的影响

采用Ｘ射线衍射，电子衍射及透射电子显微技术研究了Ｆｅ７３．５Ｃｕ１－ｘＭｏ３Ｓｉ１３．５Ｂ９非晶合金４１０℃预退火对随后４８０℃退火所形成的纳米晶结构的影响。结果表明，预退火对Ｆｅ７３。０５，Ｃｕ１Ｍｏ３Ｓｉ１３．５Ｂ９合金纳米晶结构的形成有重要影响。当预退火时间从０小时增加到３小时，合金在４８０℃，小时退火形成的晶相化α－Ｆｅ（Ｓｉ）的晶粒尺寸从１５ｎｍ减小到８ｎｍ。预退火使α－Ｆｅ（Ｓｉ）相的     

Fe_（76．5－x）Cu_（1．0）Nb_xSi_（13．5）B_（9．0）

研究了Ｎｂ含量ｘ对Ｆｅ＿（７６．５－ｘ）Ｃｕ＿（１．０）Ｎｂ＿ｘＳｉ＿（１３．５）Ｂ＿（９．０）纳米软磁合金的结构与磁性影响。研究结果表明，当Ｎ６含量ｘ约为３ａｔ％时，合金的软用性能最高；随Ｎｂ含量ｘ的增加，最佳软磁性能下合金显微组织结构中的αＦｅ－Ｓｉ纳米晶晶粒尺寸Ｄ、Ｓｉ含量、体积分数Ｖ＿ｃ均呈下降趋势，非晶相的短程有序范围δ增大；合金的磁性除与αＦｅ－Ｓｉ纳米晶有关外，还与合金中非晶相密切相关。用新近提出的双相无规磁各向异性模型讨论了合金的磁性与结构的关系。     

Cu和Nb对非晶态Fe—Si─B合金等温晶化过程的影响

采用示差扫描量热卡计（ＤＳＣ）得到了非晶态Ｆｅ─Ｓｉ─Ｂ合金加入Ｃｕ和Ｎｂ后的等温晶化放热曲线，结合Ｘ射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）分析，明确了Ｃｕ和Ｎｂ在形成纳米α─Ｆｅ（Ｓｉ）晶体相时的作用．此外，非晶态Ｆｅ（７６．５）Ｓｉ（１３．５）Ｂ９Ｃｕ１和Ｆｅ（７３．５）Ｓｉ（１３．５）Ｂ９Ｃ１Ｎｂ３等温晶化的α─Ｆｅ（Ｓｉ）放热峰呈明显的非对称形状     

铜、铌在非晶Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Sil3.5B9激波晶化中作用失效研究

用Ｘ射线衍射、差热分析、透射电镜分析研究了激波对非晶Ｆｅ７３．５Ｃｕ１Ｎｂ３Ｓｉ１３．５Ｂ９合金的作用,结果表明,激波能使非晶态转变为纳米晶。晶化主相α－Ｆｅ晶粒尺寸为２０～５０ｎｍ,晶格常数比纯Ｆｅ的小,并形成了多种中间相和亚稳相。同时发现激波处理的ＦｅＣｕＮｂＳｉＢ合金,铜和铌的作用失效。     

La0.5Y0.5Ni4.8Mn0.1Al0.1和La0.5Y0.5Ni4.8Al0.2合金的储氢性能研究

针对两种新型稀土型储氢合金La0.5Y0.5Ni4.8Mn0.1Al0.1和La0.5Y0.5Ni4.8Al0.2的储氢特性进行研究分析。实验表明,相同温度下,La0.5Y0.5Ni4.8Mn0.1Al0.1和La0.5Y0.5Ni4.8Al0.2合金的PCT曲线基本重合,且都具有优良的吸氢动力学性能;相比之下,后者的滞后系数要小于前者,吸氢量较大,吸氢速率也较快,故其储氢性能较优。300次吸放氢循环实验结果表明,La0.5Y0.5Ni4.8Al0.2合金的吸氢动力学性能虽然略有下降,但抗粉化性能较好。     

Dy0.6Tb0.3Pr0.1(Fe0.95Mn0.05)x取向晶体的结构与磁致伸缩

采用Ｃｚｏｃｈｒａｌｓｋｉ方法生长了Ｄｙ０．６Ｔｂ０．３Ｐｒ０．１（Ｆｅ０．９５Ｍｎ０．０５）ｘ（１．８５≤ｘ≤１．９５）取向合金。所有合金主相为立方Ｌａｖｅｓ相结构,择优取向不完整择优取向的方向与Ｘ的大小有关。研究了沿着这些样品的生长方向的磁致伸缩性能以及磁致伸缩性能与压力之间的关系。     

Thermal Stability of Amorphous Hydride Mg_(50)Ni_(50)H_(54) and Mg_(30)Ni_(70)H_(45)

The thermal stability of amorphous ternary hydrides Mg_(50)Ni_(50)H_(54) and Mg_(30)Ni_(70)H_(45) and their corre-sponding amorphous binary alloys Mg_(50)Ni_(50) and Mg_(30)Ni_(70) were studied with X-ray diffraction(XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC). Samples of the amorphous alloys were preparedby mechanical alloying and the amorphous hydrides were obtained by charging the alloys with gas-eous hydrogen at 3.0 MPa and 423 K. It was found that the amorphous hydrides released most oftheir hydrogen before the crystallization of the essentially hydrogen depleted amorphous alloy. Thecrystallization temperature of amorphous Mg_(50)Ni_(50)H_(54) elevated and that of amorphousMg_(30)Ni_(70)H_(45) did not change in relation to the original binary amorphous alloy. This is very excep-tional for amorphous hydrides. The reason for the effects of hydrogen absorption/desorption on thecrystallization of amorphous alloys was discussed.     

Zr65Al7.5Ni10Cu15Co2.5合金的玻璃转变温度

根据Ｚｒ６５Ａｌ７。５Ｎｉ１０Ｃｕ１５Ｃｏ２。５合金的纳米晶，晶体，液体和玻璃比热的测量结果，研究了合金的玻璃转变温度与全金的热力学函数，动力学参数以及加热速度的关系。结果表明，非晶态合金玻璃转变所需转变激活能很小，玻璃转变温度实际上是由于加热速度引起的不同状态的玻璃与液体的热力学平衡温度。     

Acousto-optic interaction in alpha-BaB(2)O(4)and Li(2)B(4)O(7) crystals

Experimental studies and analysis of acousto-optic diffraction in alpha-BaB(2)O(4) and Li(2)B(4)O(7) crystals are given. Ultrasonic wave velocity, elastic compliance and stiffness coefficients, and piezo-optic and photoelastic coefficients of alpha-BaB(2)O(4) and Li(2)B(4)O(7) crystals are determined. The acousto-optic figure of merit has been estimated for different possible geometries of acousto-optic interaction. It is shown that the acousto-optic figures of merit for alpha-BaB(2)O(4) crystals reach the value M(2)=(270 +/- 70) x 10(-15) s(3)/kg for the case of interaction with the slowest ultrasonic wave. The directions of propagation and polarization of those acoustic waves are obtained on the basis of construction of acoustic slowness surfaces. The acousto-optic diffraction is experimentally studied for alpha-BaB(2)O(4) and Li(2)B(4)O(7) crystals.     

Nanomechanical characterization of one-step combustion-synthesized Al(4)B(2)O(9) and Al(18)B(4)O(33) nanowires

Two kinds of aluminum borate nanowires, Al(4)B(2)O(9) and Al(18)B(4)O(33), were successfully synthesized by a one-step combustion method through control of the Al:B atomic ratio and synthesis temperature. Both nanowires are single crystalline but have distinguishing growth habits. Nanoindentation tests were performed directly on individual nanowires to reveal their mechanical properties. A 70% reduction in elastic modulus was found in Al(18)B(4)O(33) nanowires compared with their bulk counterpart. Al(18)B(4)O(33) nanowires exhibited higher hardness and elastic modulus than Al(4)B(2)O(9) nanowires.     

Natural Passivity of Amorphous Fe_(40)Ni_(40)P_(14)B_6 and Fe_(54.6)Ni_(38)Si_(4.1)B_(2.3)V_1 Alloys

The natural passive films forrned on Fe_(40)Ni_(40)P_(14)B_6 and Fe_(54.6)Ni_(38)Si_(4.1)B_(2.3)V_1 amorphous alloys long-term exposed in air have been studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Auger electron (including Ar+ ion depth profiling) spectroscopy (AES). The following aspects have been investigated: (1) chemical states of the elements in the films. binding energies and the chemical shifts measured by XPSf (2) structure and composition of the films fand (3) thickness of the passive films determined by AES depth profiling and XPS analysis.     

Plasma surface treatments of poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) and poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV)

The surfaces of poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) and poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) were modified by oxygen and nitrogen plasma treatments. The physical and chemical surface characteristics were evaluated by contact angle tests, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The plasma treatments caused an increase in both contact angle and roughening, altered the surface morphology, inserted polar groups, and, consequently, enhanced the hydrophilicity for both PLLA and PHBV polymers.     

Work Functions of Pd_(83.5)Si_(16.5)and Cu_(70)Ti_(30)Glassy Alloys

The work functions before and aftercrystallization of two glassy alloys,Pd_(83.5)Si_(16.5) andCu_(70)Ti_(30) have been measured by means of the con-tact potential difference method in the secondaryelectron field at room temperature under 10~(-5) Pavacuum.The results show that the work functionsof both glassy alloys are higher than those of thecorresponding crystalline alloys.