用蒸发冷凝水进行采暖

1997年我厂进行氯碱系统的改扩建工程,使烧碱的产量由原产1万t扩建到了3万t,因为投资有限,生产、生活用汽仍靠原来的2台20 t燃煤锅炉来供汽。夏季两台锅炉全开基本能满足生产所需,到了冬季采暖期,2台锅炉满负荷运行仍满足不了生产、生活用汽。经过改扩建后由于产量加大,蒸发工序所耗的蒸汽也大大增加,其用汽量占锅炉全部产汽总量的80％以上。蒸发工序离锅炉     

蒸发水量计算公式对循环冷却水节水的影响

蒸发水量是循环冷却水的补充水量的主要组成部分,其计算的准确与否直接影响着用水量的大小。通过对国内常用的蒸发水量的计算公式计算结果比较表明,国家标准《工业循环水冷却设计规范》中给出的蒸发水量计算方法计算的蒸发水量是最小的,设计中应采用该公式。     

浅谈我厂烧碱蒸发真空和冷却水系统的改造

通过对烧碱蒸发真空系统和冷却水系统的改造，使真空系统冷却水做到了闭路循环使用，提高了真空度和蒸发生产能力，节省了能源。     

利用水泥厂窑头余热作为采暖热源的工程实践

陕西生态水泥股份有限公司富平水泥厂2×　　4　500t/d生产线项目此前利用AQC低压锅炉补气管道中蒸气作为采暖热源,存在水温不足、冷暖水不能回收等缺点。针对这一问题,我所提出了一种新的工艺,在该项目成功实施,该工艺利用水泥窑头废气余热作为全厂的公辅设施采暖和职工洗浴热水的热源,具有实施简单,操作方便,运行稳定等优点。     

陶瓷联合车间的高温热水采暖

分析了陶瓷厂联合车间的特点及采暖要求,指出了高温热水采暖的优越性,给出了进行高温热水采暖时应注意的问题。     

余热发电循环冷却水外排水的回收利用

<正>我厂5000t/d生产线余热发电系统,在2008年11月份建成并投入使用。因为余热发电系统对凝汽器循环冷却水的水质要求较高,需要加阻垢剂和水稳剂等对水质进行软化处理,所以,水中的盐量不断富集,为了防止水的浓缩倍率超限而使凝汽器腐蚀损坏,同时降低循环水的温度,设计上要求根据化验指标,对循环冷却水按比例不断补充替换,被替换掉的循环冷却水经水池中上部设置的溢流口排入厂区排洪沟排掉,年外排水量约26万吨。     

回收RO浓排水和煤矿井排水用于循环冷却水

通过回收反渗透浓排水和煤矿井排水用于电厂循环冷却水补充水的la运行结果,介绍了完全使用工业排水作为循环冷却水,并在较高的浓缩倍率下安全、稳定运行的循环水处理方式和运行控制方法的实际经验。依据改造运行la后的节水和运行成本表明,实施该项节水技术改造后,电厂的生产成本明显降低,具有显著的经济效益和社会效益。并提出进一步挖掘节水潜能的可能性。     

Theory and practice of resin-catalyzed epoxidation

Summary Commercial polystyrene sulfonic acid resins have been shown to be effective in catalyzing epoxidation of unsaturated fatty esters with hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid because they catalyze peracid formation but do not promote by-product formation when used under proper conditions. Special resins with less cross-linkage have been shown to yield mostly by-products. Best catalyst life has been obtained with a special resin prepared with a low metal content. A continuous process based on the cascade principle has been demonstrated in the laboratory. The problem of resin re-use for both continuous and batch processes can best be solved by using the optimum 10–15% based on oil weight and by replacing about 10% of the resin after each use. Presented at the annual meeting of the American Oil Chemists’ Society, Cincinnati, O., September 30–October 2, 1957.     

废酸水浮选低品位磷矿的理论分析及生产实践

通过对磷矿浮选原理的分析,提出了利用湿法磷酸工厂中洗涤磷石膏渣的酸性废水代替传统的硫酸浮选低品位磷矿的方案,并通过实验确定了工艺参数.经过40万t装置两年的生产实践,浮选回收率可达94%以上,利用废酸水40万m3/a,年节约约670万元,可大大减轻环保压力,社会效益良好,并可作为磷肥工业节能减排的示范样板.     

煤气回收净化装置循环水系统的操作实践

通过煤气回收净化装置循环水四个子系统的热量衡算,指出了循环水系统存在的问题,并提出了循环水系统的改进措施．进行了操作实践,实施后取得了较好的效果。     

Bagasse saving and water recovery in cogeneration system using superheated steam dryer

The cogeneration system in sugar factory uses bagasse with high moisture content as the fuel for the boiler, which results in low boiler efficiency. The system also produces superheated steam, which is extracted from the turbine, and mixed with cooling water to produce saturated steam required by the evaporation system. The potential use superheated steam to reduce bagasse moisture content is ignored in the standard practice of the sugar factory. In this article, an investigation is made into the improvement of the cogeneration system by using superheated steam dryer to reduce the moisture content of bagasse. Mathematical models are developed for the typical system without superheated steam dryer and the improved system with superheated steam dryer. They are then used to compare the performances of both systems. It is found that, under the condition that the required steam flow rate for the evaporation process and the power output are the same, the improved system requires less bagasse consumption, and has larger energy utilization factor. In addition, water that would be lost with flue gases in the typical system is recovered in the improved system.     

Ramp Type Heating in a Semiconductor Medium under Photothermal Theory

The present investigation is concerned with study the two-dimensional deformation in a semi-infinite semiconducting medium subjected to ramp type heating. The deformation in the medium is caused subjected to a thermal source of ramp-type nature applied along the free surface of a semiconducting medium. The semiconductor thermoelastic medium is under the influence of an internal heat source of constant magnitude. Integral Transform method has been used to obtain the transformed expression of displacement components, stress components, temperature distribution, and carrier density. The transformed expressions are then inverted using numerical inversion technique. The effect of ramp-type source and thermoelectric coupling parameter on the components of displacement, force stress, temperature distribution, and carrier density has been shown graphically.     

电厂循环冷却水系统极高浓缩倍数运行工程实践

对高效水质稳定剂配方在极高浓缩倍数下运行进行工程验证,从腐蚀速率、菌落总数、污垢沉积率、凝汽器端差和真空度变化等指标,以及实际机组检查来评定实际运行效果。结果表明,在以河水为补充水源,浓缩倍数为13的条件下运行,碳钢腐蚀速率为0.031 0 mm/a,304不锈钢腐蚀速率为0~0.000 4 mm/a,铜的腐蚀速率为0~0.000 4 mm/a,菌落总数为1 100 CFU/m L,均小于GB 50050—2007《工业循环冷却水处理设计规范》的要求;污垢沉积速率除1次超标外,其余为2~10 mg/(cm2·月);凝汽器端差等主机参数稳定,机组内部实际检查结果没有异常。循环冷却水系统在极高浓缩倍数下运行,有较好的节水效益。     

Theory and practice in using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to detect hydrocarbons in emissions from gas turbine engines

This paper describes the procedures used to detect hydrocarbons in emissions from gas turbine engines using non-intrusive Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The basic theory of FTIR is described together with the spectroscopic concepts necessary to be able to perform observations of hydrocarbons (HC). The processes of identification and quantification of the compounds present in combustion gases from infrared spectra are described and these techniques are applied to laboratory experiments using kerosene fuel burners. The results of field trials where exhausts from commercial aircraft were studied and unburnt hydrocarbons features in the C-H stretch region were measured are discussed. Quantitative measurements of HC were performed using the hexane equivalent concentration technique.     

高纯二氧化氯二次供水消毒系统的应用

纯度和使用成本限制了二氧化氯的应用,在DTJ-HP法高效、高纯稳定二氧化氯溶液生产技术基础上研制的高纯二氧化氯二次供水消毒系统很好的解决了这个问题,该装置以氯酸钠、双氧水、硫酸为主要原料,通过PLC可编程控制系统,实现了运行成本低、性能稳定、无泄漏、安全可靠。根据发生器的额定消耗量计,投加量为0.1~0.3 mg/L的浓度下,水质达标,每吨水消毒成本仅为0.002~0.005元。