基于AHP和H-TOPSIS的火灾应急方案评估模型研究与应用

使用火灾应急方案评估模型科学准确地评估火灾,是正确地选择应急方案决策的前提.针对评估指标的复杂性和模糊性,提出了一种基于AHP和改进的TOPSIS相结合的方案评估模型.改进过的TOPSIS法对方案进行优劣排序,指标权重则由AHP法确定,最终得到评估结果.实例表明,该模型不仅操作简单而且有效、实用.     

基于层次分析法的招商评估模型研究

招商评估是帮助政府进行招商引资决策的重要辅助手段,但是当前的招商评估操作大部分都是人工完成的,不仅评估效率低下,而且评估结果不稳定,往往无法真实反映招商项目的优劣性。为了提高招商评估的可靠性,并加快评估的流程,介绍一种利用层次分析法建立招商评估模型的方法,从而实现基于计算机的自动化招商评估。     

基于层次分析法的旱情评估参数模型研究

利用层次分析法(AHP)对某市区、城乡结合部和农村缺水情况分别进行定量分析,通过量化评估参数,构建了旱情评估参数模型.利用该模型对旱情数据进行分析,可以为抗旱指挥决策者准确判断各区旱情、制定合理应对预案提供定量依据.     

基于AHP的飞行签派员资质评估模型研究

文章利用层次分析法对航空公司飞行签派员资质评估模型进行分析研究,初步建立了签派员资质评定机制,并不断完善签派员的资质管理,保障运行控制安全高效。     

基于应急物流能力提升的粮食储备库选址模型研究

突发事件下的应急粮食供应问题直接关系到受灾地区人民生命安全,针对我国应急粮食储备库数目较少、分布不均的窘境,粮食储备库选址的研究具备必要性和实用性,这也是应急物流领域重点关注的问题。研究发现,探索基于应急物流能力提升的粮食储备库选址影响因素,采用层次分析法(AHP),构建能够应对突发事件下应急物流粮食储备库的选址模型,从而提升应急粮食的供给力,缩小灾害损失,为未来应急物流粮食供给的路径优化研究奠定前期理论依据。     

一种基于D-S理论的信任评估模型的设计

提出了一种基于D-S理论的新型信任评估模型:利用证据理论和证据组合规则评估Agent的可信度,用矩阵方式增加信任度计算的信息量,引入信息量计算议题的权重和目标Agent总体信任度.实验表明,本模型较其他模型更加安全有效,为多Agent系统的信任管理研究提供了一个有价值的新思路.     

高校课堂教学质量评估指标体系的权重分配——基于层次分析法的实证研究

运用层次分析法,通过编制专家评价问卷来确定高校课堂教学质量评估指标体系的系统权重.教学效果和教学态度在评价课堂教学质量时发挥着主导作用.该评估指标体系不仅能够科学地评价课堂教学质量,对于教师改进课堂教学也具有重要的导向意义.     

加强食品安全事故应急演练与评估的对策探讨

随着社会对食品安全问题的关注度不断增加,食品安全事故应急演练已经得到广泛推广。所谓食品安全事故应急演练是指模拟真实的食品安全事故情景,引导参与者进行相关处理和评估活动,以提升政府部门及工作人员对食品安全突发事件的应急处置能力。本文从应急演练与评估相关理论概述入手,以青岛市三市联动食品安全突发事件应急演练为案例,分析目前应急演练与评估取得的经验与不足,并提出完善应急预案和工作机制,加强评估的建议。     

基于Matlab的大卖场服装零售绩效评估

以HG大卖场服装零售绩效评估为例,运用Matlab软件计算了卖场服装零售绩效评估指标的权重,避免了矩阵向量归一化、求解特征向量、特征根的繁琐运算,优化了计算过程,提高了数据精度,并使用模糊综合评价方法对HG卖场的服装零售绩效进行了评估。     

基于AHP构建食品相关产品质量安全形势指标体系与实证评估

为提高食品相关产品质量安全水平,为政府科学、快速评估食品相关产品质量安全状况提供依据,基于层次分析法（AHP）,从规范监管、质量安全、行业健康、热点关注四个维度构建了一套食品相关产品质量安全形势评估指标体系,下设15个二级指标,并基于该体系对某市食品相关产品质量安全状况进行了实证评估。结果表明,该市食品相关产品质量安全形势总得分为87.43分,处于良好水平。     

Acute phase response in emergency slaughtered dairy cows

The acute phase response and the diagnostic value of two serum acute phase proteins, haptoglobin and α(1)-acid glycoprotein, were studied in eighty emergency slaughtered Ayrshire or Friesian dairy cows. The results were compared with plasma proteins and enzymes and with the meat inspection data of the slaughtered cows. Cows with minor injuries, such as teat lesions, had low haptoglobin and α(1)-acid glycoprotein serum concentrations, the means being 0.01 and 0.54 gl(-1). The other emergency slaughtered animals exhibited acute phase response: the means for haptoglobin and α(1)-acid glycoprotein were 0.67 and 0.96 gl(-1), respectively. Serum gammaglobulin was also increased in these animals, and had a mean concentration of 22 gl(-1). These results indicate that acute phase proteins could be used for detecting diseased animals from the normal slaughterhouse material. Haptoglobin and α(1)-acid glycoprotein did not quantitatively predict the meat inspection result of the emergency slaughtered dairy cows. Serum γ-globulin concentration was more effective in this respect, being significantly higher (p < 0.05) in totally condemned carcases. Muscle traumas were the most frequent pathological finding in meat inspection. They also induced an acute phase response detectable by serum haptoglobin and α(1)-acid glycoprotein. Alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein correlated positively with the quantity of muscle trauma, the correlation coefficient being 0.54 (p < 0.01). The respective correlations for muscle specific enzymes serum aspartate aminotransferase and creatine kinase were 0.62 and 0.63 (p < 0.01).     

美国食品安全应急体系对我国的启示

主要以美国为例,从法律基础、管理体制、运行机制和食品安全监管应急措施等方面分析了美国食品安全应急管理体系,提出我国食品安全突发事件应急体系应完善的内容,以期对建立和完善我国食品安全突发事件应急体系提供借鉴。      

Life cycle assessment of high-protective clothing for complex emergency operations

The sector of protective textiles was one of the European Lead Market Initiatives launched in 2012. As a result seven research and development projects were financed to support new and innovative products to enter to this market to increase safety at work. Also the legislation within Europe has a tendency towards this aim having higher impact on professional than on private clothing. If it is not possible to decrease the risks of a work place, the employer shall provide personal protective equipment (PPE), of which protective clothing is an essential part. In order to facilitate the choice, use and control of PPE, a large amount of EN standards and technical reports have been developed and published including requirements, classifications, test methods to be used, terminology and SUCAM. However, in the selection criteria, the environmental impact related with the production, use and disposal of different materials available in the market. In order to overcome this limitation within the SAFEPROTEX project, environmental impact of three different uniforms was evaluated using Life Cycle Analysis in comparison to reference garments.     

四项对策完善食品安全突发事件应对的长效机制

食品安全突发事件的频频爆发对社会造成许多不良影响, 完善食品安全突发事件应对的长效机制势在必行。本文结合近年来我国食品安全事件应对的经验教训, 从食品安全突发事件应对理念、应对方式、违法整治和风险预警四个方面出发, 提炼相关要素并总结出四项对策, 以期为建立食品安全突发事件应对的长效机制提供参考。     

北京“十三五”时期食品安全风险评估与预警应急科技支撑工程

北京的食品主要由外埠供应,其食品安全环境日趋复杂,未知风险、人为风险和衍生风险较大。风险产生的主要原因包括全国不同地区产业基础参差不齐、大宗农副产品供应链存在问题、未全面采用与国际接轨的风险评估和控制技术,以及新技术、新工艺、新资源带来的食品安全新问题。"十三五"时期,建议北京市不断完善首都居民营养物质摄入和危害物质膳食暴露数据库,构建食品安全高风险物质毒理学评估技术平台、食源性致病菌和病因性食品溯源平台和食品安全预警应急体系。     

剂量反应分析在食品微生物风险评估中的应用

微生物风险评估(Microbiological risk assessment, MRA)是食品安全管理的重要工具之一,一直是国际食品安全研究的热点。微生物剂量-反应分析是进行食品微生物风险评估中的重要工具,描述了特定人群中特定病原体(或其毒素)暴露引起特定反应的概率。本文综述了食品微生物风险评估中剂量-反应分析的研究现状,阐述了剂量反应分析研究中存在的问题,并对其进一步需开展的工作进行了展望,以期为我国食品微生物风险评估和食品安全监管提供参考。     

An epidemic of scurvy in Afghanistan: assessment and response

In March 2002, there were reports of a hemorrhagic fever outbreak in western Afghanistan. It was later confirmed that the hemorrhagic symptoms and increased mortality were actually due to scurvy. Most aid workers did not include scurvy in the initial differential diagnosis because it is uncommon throughout the world and has mainly been reported in refugee populations in recent times. A rapid assessment confirmed the cases clinically, estimated a prevalence rate of 6.3% (a severe public health problem), and determined that the attack rates peaked each year in January and February (the end of the winter). Many Afghans have limited dietary diversity due to isolated locations, lengthy winters, the continuing drought of the last four years, asset depletion, and loss of livelihood. After numerous food and fortification options to prevent future outbreaks had been considered, vitamin C tablet supplementation was selected because of the relatively rapid response time as compared with other prevention methods. A three-month course of vitamin C tablets was distributed to 827 villages in at-risk areas. The tablets were acceptable and compliance was good. No cases of scurvy were reported for the winter of 2002-03. The case study from Afghanistan demonstrates that scurvy can occur in nonrefugee or nondisplaced populations; vitamin C supplementation can be an effective prevention strategy; there is an urgent need to develop field-friendly techniques to diagnose micronutrient-deficiency diseases; food-security tools should be used to assess and predict risks of nutritional deficiencies; and the humanitarian community should address prevention of scurvy in outbreak-prone areas.     

Mercury incidents rise, agencies issue warning

Health Advisory.