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对添加稀土β成核剂的无规共聚聚丙烯(PPR)非等温结晶动力学进行了研究,采用修正Avrami方程的Jeziorny法和莫志深法对差示扫描量热法(DSC)所得的数据进行处理。结果表明,纯PPR的非等温结晶行为适合Jeziorny法和莫志深法,同时莫志深法可以很好地描述β成核剂改性PPR(βPPR)的非等温结晶行为,但Jeziomy法不能。添加0.05%(质量分数)的β成核剂就可以起到成核作用,提高PPR的结晶度,并使得PPR的结晶温度升高;但是在相同的冷却速率下,纯PPR达到一半结晶度所需的时间(t_(1/2))和结晶峰半峰宽(△W)比βPPR的值要小;同时达到相同的结晶度βPPR所需的冷却速率要大于纯PPR的,这说明β成核剂的加入降低了PPR的结晶速率。 相似文献
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以丙烯酰氯、对羟基苯甲酸和对羟基苯甲醚为原料,采用酰化反应制备了一种乙烯基单体,并采用自由基聚合反应合成出聚合物型成核剂聚4-甲氧基-4′-丙烯酰氧苯甲酸苯酯(PMAPAB);研究了PMAPAB对高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)结晶和熔融行为以及晶体形态的影响,并分析了HDPE的非等温结晶行为。结果表明:该聚合物用量为0.25%,1.5%时,均能促进HDPE的结晶,提高HDPE的结晶速率及结晶度,降低其晶粒的尺寸并使其分布更为均匀,当PMAPAB用量为0.25%时,能达到最佳的成核效果。 相似文献
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Ian M. Reaney Peter F. James William E. Lee 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1996,79(7):1934-1944
Phase evolution in calcium phosphate-based glass ceramics has been examined. Pure CaO:P2 O5 readily formed a glass which surface nucleated upon annealing, but volume nucleation at 680°C was observed only after the addition of the nucleating agents, TiO2 and A12 O3 . Phase separation of Ti and Al occurred along with the nucleation and growth of a calcium phosphate phase, similar to β-Ca2 P2 O7 . Heat treatments at higher temperatures and/or for longer times resulted in crystallization of A1- and Ti-rich, phase-separated regions. A glass with a higher CaO:P2 O5 ratio (approximately 2:1) could be prepared only when a total of 25-35 mol% of TiO2 , A12 O3 , and SiO2 were present in the batch. The glass phase-separated into respective SiO2 - and CaO/P2 O5 -rich regions on cooling. The SiO2 -rich regions did not influence crystallization and remained amorphous throughout the heat treatments. In the CaO/P2 O5 -rich regions, homogeneous volume nucleation of a Ti-rich phase readily occurred followed by the heterogeneous nucleation and growth on these nuclei of a calcium phosphate phase. Although this phase was macroscopically composed of spherulites, TEM revealed that they consisted of intertwined nanodendrites whose individual arms were approximately 20 nm wide and 50 nm long. 相似文献
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采用熔融共混法,用成核剂对聚乳酸(PLA)进行成核改性.通过差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、偏光显微镜(PLM)及力学性能和热变形温度(HDT)等测试,研究成核剂对PLA的结晶、力学和耐热性能的影响.结果表明:改性PLA的结晶温度和结晶度提高,晶体尺寸减小,且PLA的晶型结构没有改变;改性PLA的拉伸强度、拉伸屈服强度和刚性降低,韧性有所提高;将注射成型的改性PLA样条进行退火处理后,耐热性有很大提高. 相似文献
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Lothar Wondraczek Joachim Deubener Scott T. Misture Regina Knitter 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2006,89(4):1342-1346
The formation of crystalline Li4 SiO4 and Li2 SiO3 from lithium orthosilicate glasses has been studied by means of in situ high-temperature X-ray diffraction. The first phase that crystallizes from the glass could not be identified, but was followed by the transformation to crystalline orthosilicate and metasilicate. Orthosilicate formation was tracked at temperatures between 600° and 650°C, whereas at higher temperatures, the formation of a small amount of crystalline metasilicate occurs. The kinetics of the initial phase of both crystallization processes are described by the Avrami–Erofeev equation, resulting in activation energies of 90 kJ/mol for the formation of the unidentified phase, and 68 kJ/mol for the formation of Li4 SiO4 . The rate constant for the crystallization of the unidentified phase is 0.014 s−1 at 510°C, equaling that of the orthosilicate formation at 630°C. After isothermal heat treatment for 100–800 s, depending on temperature, 80%–95% of the sample is crystallized and further crystallization is controlled by diffusion in both cases. 相似文献
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成核剂对不同特性粘数PET结晶性能的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了新型复合成核剂水滑石(HT)/离聚物(Surlyn8920)/聚乙二醇(PEG)对不同特性粘数聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)非等温结晶性能的影响。通过差示扫描量热仪测试了PET的结晶峰温度T_(mc)和熔融峰温度(T_m)。结果表明,复合成核剂各组分及PET的质量比为0.5:3.0:3.0:100.0时,各种PET的过冷度(T_m-T_(mc))均显著减少.半结晶时间(1gt_(1/2))也明显降低。而且,复合成核剂对不同特性粘数PET结晶性能的改善是一致的。 相似文献
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复合成核剂对PBT结晶行为的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用熔融共混法制备了聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)和成核剂二苄山梨醇(DBS)或苯甲酸钠(SB)的共混物,通过差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、偏光显微镜(PLM)分析了各成核剂对PBT的结晶行为的影响,结果表明:添加任何一种成核剂均能明显改善PBT的结晶行为,即加快结晶速度、提高结晶度、细化晶体及完善晶体形态;其中复合成核剂要明显优于单一成核剂,复合成核剂中SB的影响程度要大于DBS。还采用热重分析(TGA)仪对体系的热性能进行了研究,发现成核剂的加入并未降低体系的热性能。 相似文献
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研究了成核剂纳米氧化镁和纳米氧化硅对聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)结晶速率的影响。通过等温结晶差热分析(DSC)研究了纳米氧化镁在不同含量、不同温度下对PET等温结晶行为的影响。用纳米氧化镁和纳米氧化硅填充PET体系的非等温结晶DSC,由所得冷结晶峰温度值和热结晶峰温度值的对比,探索纳米成核剂对PET结晶速率的影响及其规律。研究结果表明:纳米成核剂均能明显提高PET的结晶速率,而纳米氧化镁比纳米氧化硅对促进PET的结晶效果更好;添加不同含量的纳米氧化镁对PET在不同温度下的等温结晶影响不同,在所研究的范围内,1.0%的添加量较有利于PET的结晶。 相似文献
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研究了成核剂有机山梨醇类、取代芳基磷酸酯盐和有机羟基铝盐三种不同成核剂对阻燃聚丙烯(PP)改性塑料力学性能影响,并通过差示扫描量热仪(DSC)表征成核剂对阻燃改性PP结晶的影响.结果表明成核剂有利于改善阻燃PP力学性能,提高PP的结晶峰温度和晶粒均匀度,其中取代芳基磷酸酯盐类成核剂的效果最好. 相似文献
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陈明华 《现代塑料加工应用》2011,23(3):11-13
为了提高高流动性聚丙烯(HFRPP)的综合性能,采用成核剂NA-21对HFRPP进行改性,研究了成核剂用量对HFRPP结晶性能及力学性能的影响,并与国外同类产品进行了比较.结果表明,成核剂NA-21诱导HFRPP生成了α晶型;当成核剂质量分数为0.2%时,弯曲模量增加了34%,冲击强度增加了2.81倍,改性HFRPP的... 相似文献