葛根膳食纤维漂白工艺的研究

以H2 O2 为漂白剂,探讨了H2 O2 用量、反应时间、反应温度和pH对三种葛根膳食纤维(DF)漂白效果的影响,并用正交试验确定了葛根膳食纤维漂白的最佳工艺条件。结果显示:两种家葛膳食纤维漂白影响具有相同的主次关系,即pH >H2 O2 用量>漂白时间>温度,最佳工艺为:H2 O2 3%,pH 1 0 ,温度70℃,时间6 0min。而野葛膳食纤维影响因素的主次关系为:H2 O2 用量>pH >温度>漂白时间,最佳工艺为:H2 O2 3%,pH 1 1 ,温度80℃,时间6 0min。     

小麦麸膳食纤维脱色工艺的研究

麦麸是膳食纤维丰富的天然来源,而麦麸膳食纤维的颜色是制约其在食品工业中广泛应用的最主要因素之一,因此本文主要采用H2O2对麦麸膳食纤维进行了脱色研究。分析了脱色剂用量、脱色时间、脱色温度、pH和料水比对麦麸膳食纤维脱色效果的影响。经过工艺优化,得出其影响的主次顺序及最佳脱色条件,即pH>脱色时间>脱色剂用量>脱色温度>水料比,最佳脱色条件是:H2O2用量8%,pH9,温度70℃,时间4h,水料比7∶1。经过最优工艺脱色的麦麸膳食纤维白度达到85以上,并显著改善了麦麸膳食纤维的品质,使其溶胀性、持水性和持油性都得到了一定的提高。      

梨渣中膳食纤维的提取

本文对梨渣中膳食纤维的含量、提取及漂白工艺进行了研究。结果表明 :梨渣中膳食纤维总量约占梨渣重量的80% ,主要为水不溶性膳食纤维。其中所含的水溶性成分对其工艺性能有显著的影响 ;水不溶性膳食纤维可用H2O2 进行脱色处理 ,其最佳工艺条件为 :pH7 0、6 %H2O2、脱色时间60min ;经处理后的水不溶性膳食纤维具有良好的工艺性能。     

高得率浆H_2O_2置换漂白及其滤液循环利用

对三倍体毛白杨高得率浆H2O2单段置换漂白进行了研究,得出了最佳条件：H2O25g/l,温度80℃,pH12,Na2SiO3、NaOH、H2O2的用量比3∶3.6∶5,置换速度0.8ml/s,动态置换后的静置时间30～60min。在该条件下,漂白时间大大缩短,白度增值可达28.1～29.6%ISO,最终白度可达80%ISO。对该条件下H2O2置换漂白滤液循环利用对漂白效果的影响进行了研究。结果表明：H2O2置换漂白滤液循环利用对漂后浆料白度和返黄值均无不利影响,可以节约用水量甚至药品用量。     

氧碱蒸煮麦草浆的活化H2O2漂白

研究了活化H2O2漂白过程中药品用量、漂白时间、温度、漂液pH值以及2种活化剂——TAED(四乙酰乙二胺)和乙酸酐协同作用等因素对浆料白度的影响，结果表明，采用三段漂P1P2A，当P1段H2O2用量6％、TAED用量3％、乙酸酐用量5％，TAED在pH值为9．5左右加入(本实验中时间约为50min左右)；P2段H2O2用量4％、TAED用量2％、乙酸酐用量4％；A段H2SO3用量2％时，可获得较高的浆料白度(75．2％ISO)。漂白浆所测强度指标均与普通烧碱-AQ浆的CEH漂白浆相似。     

钼酸盐对桉木KP浆H_2O_2漂白的改善效果

研究了钼酸盐对桉木硫酸盐氧漂浆酸性 H2O2 漂白的改善效果,探讨了各种影响因素（钼酸盐用量、漂液 pH 值、H2O2 用量、氧强化的碱抽提和洗涤方式）对酸性 H2O2 漂白结果的影响。结果表明：添加少量的钼酸盐能有效地促进酸性 H2O2 的脱木素反应,提高脱木素效率,增加纸浆的白度。当钼酸盐用量为 0.1％ 时,脱木素程度比单纯的 H2O2 漂段提高 27.8％,白度增加 4.3％（ISO）,而粘度的损失不大。     

提高废纸脱墨浆H2O2漂白效果的研究

该文采用过氧化氢(H2O2)漂白废新闻纸脱墨浆,研究了影响H2O2漂白效果的诸多因素,包括H2O2的用量、NaOH用量、螯合剂DTPA用量和pH等。研究结果表明,废新闻纸脱墨浆采用H2O2漂白时,H2O2无效分解的程度较大;加入DTPA可以减少H2O2的无效分解,提高H2O2的漂白效果。改变H2O2漂白参数的试验表明,H2O2用量为2.0%、NaOH用量为1.0%(均相对于绝干浆质量)较为合适。     

柠檬皮膳食纤维制备工艺的研究

对柠檬皮可溶性膳食纤维的提取、柠檬皮膳食纤维漂白工艺及其功能特性进行了研究.结果表明,提取水溶性膳食纤维的最佳条件为：pH 2.0,温度70℃,时间30 min,加水量30mL/g,得率14.41%（以干柠檬皮计）;柠檬皮膳食纤维用H2O2进行脱色处理,其最佳条件为：pH12、6%H2O2、温度45℃,脱色时间5h;柠檬皮膳食纤维其溶胀性为10.88mL/g,持水力为8.28g/g.     

发酵制取柠檬皮膳食纤维及其脱色工艺研究

采用正交试验优化绿色木霉发酵制取柠檬皮膳食纤维的最佳工艺，以发酵温度、pH值、发酵时间为主要因素，按L9（3^3）正交组合设计试验，结果表明：提取膳食纤维的最佳组合为发酵温度28℃、发酵时间72h、pH值6．3。同时还进行膳食纤维的脱色处理试验，以过氧化氢（H2O2）为脱色剂，探讨了H2O2的用量、反应时间、反应温度及其pH对柠檬皮膳食纤维脱色效果的影响，并通过正交试验确定了柠檬皮膳食纤维脱色的最佳工艺条件，即：H2O2用量5％，pH10，温度45℃，时间3h。     

钼酸盐对桉木KP浆H2O2漂白的改善效果

研究了钼酸盐对桉木硫酸盐氧漂浆酸性H2O2漂白的改善效果,探讨了各种影响因素（钼酸盐用量、漂液pH值、H2O2用量、氧强化的碱抽提和洗涤方式）对酸性H2O2漂白结果的影响。结果表明：添加少量的钼要到盐能有效地促进酸性H2O2的脱木素反应,提高脱木素效率,增加纸浆的白度。当钼酸盐用量为0.1%,脱木素程度比单纯的H2O2漂段提高27.8%漂段提高27.8%,白度增加4.3%（ISO）,而粘度的损失不大。     

毛竹纤维浆粕CEpH漂白工艺的研究

对毛竹预水解硫酸盐浆进行常规CEpH漂白,研究C、Ep、H漂段工艺参数对漂后浆性能的影响,确定CEpH漂白的最佳工艺条件。结果显示：C段漂白的最佳工艺为：用氯化量6％,漂白时间为60min,漂白浆浓为4％;Ep段漂白的最佳工艺为：用碱量2．5％,漂白时间90min,H2O2用量0．5％,反应温度为75℃,浆浓10％;H段漂白的最佳工艺为：浆浓10％,时间120min,温度40℃,用碱量1：3,有效氯用量3％。在上述最佳漂白工艺条件下纤浆粕性能为：白度88．6％ISO,灰分0．52％,α-纤维素94．64％,聚戊糖3．51％,粘度11＋85mPa．s,卡伯值0．5。     

AS-AQ麦草浆氧脱木素后的过氧化氢漂白

研究了氧脱木素后的AS-AQ麦草浆H2O2漂白工艺,并对漂前预处理进行了探讨。结果表明：采用预处理剂X对浆料进行H2O2漂前预处理能够显著提高漂浆白度;在提高H2O2漂白效率方面,预处理剂X预处理优于EDTA、DTPA等传统预处理方式;柠檬酸钠可以替代Na2SiO3用作H2O2漂白稳定剂。H2O2漂白最适宜的工艺条件为：浆浓12%,H2O23%,NaOH1.2%,柠檬酸钠1%,温度95℃,时间120min。在优化条件下,漂终白度达83.9%ISO。     

Enzymatic bleaching in commercial colored Cheddar whey retentates

The effect of enzymatic bleaching with lactoperoxidase (LP) or exogenous peroxidase (EP) on the color and flavor of commercially produced whey protein concentrates (34% or 80% protein on a dry weight basis) was evaluated. Optimum levels of added H₂O₂ and optimum bleaching times were determined in commercial retentates by quantifying norbixin destruction. Retentates were then bleached and sensory and volatile analyses were conducted. In some retentates, LP-induced bleaching was not observed; however, EP-induced bleaching was effective under all conditions. Enzymatically-induced bleaching (both LP and EP) occurred faster at 35 °C than at 4 °C. Solids level also affected the speed of bleaching; samples with lower solids bleached in less time than those with higher solids. Bleached retentates, regardless of treatment, were higher in aroma intensity and cardboard flavor and were also higher in aldehydes. LP activity and subsequent bleaching of commercial retentates was variable while EP-induced bleaching was consistently effective.     

变色柞木刨切薄木的漂白工艺研究

以双氧水为漂白主剂,利用不同的漂白配方对变色柞木刨切薄木进行漂白试验。在适宜的漂白温度下,以双氧水浓度、硅酸钠浓度、漂白时间为考查因素进行正交试验,并对漂白后柞木刨切薄木的色差和白度进行检测和分析,结果表明,优化漂白工艺为双氧水浓度3%,硅酸钠浓度0.7%,常温下漂白30min,浴比为10:1,漂白溶液pH值为10。     

光叶楮白皮生物法制浆可漂性的研究

对光叶楮白皮生物浆化学组分进行了比较分析,并采用不同漂白方法对其进行了漂白实验。结果表明,光叶楮白皮生物浆具有较好的易漂性,经H2O2漂白后,白度达到55.5%;单段次氯酸盐漂白的有效氯用量高于3%时,白度变化较小;氧脱木素的用碱量增至4%时,白度已达到70.6%,再增加用碱量,白度提高和KMnO4值降低幅度较小;氧脱木素后进行H2O2补充漂白,可使白度达76.5%,达到了生产长纤维纸浆的白度要求。     

H2O2/NOBS活化体系在棉织物冷轧堆漂白中的应用

 针对传统棉织物冷轧堆漂白法耗时长和耗碱高等问题,研究H₂O₂/NOBS活化体系在纯棉织物冷轧堆漂白中的应用。通过单因素试验和正交试验法分析各工艺因素对漂白效果的影响,探讨其作用原理,开发了整套的应用工艺技术。合适的工艺条件为:H₂O₂质量浓度30 g/L,NOBS与H₂O₂物质的量比1∶4,NaOH质量浓度6 g/L,堆置时间6 h。结果表明:该活化漂白工艺在改善漂白织物品质的前提下能够大大减少耗碱量,缩短冷轧堆时间,具有生态环保和高效节能的优势。     

Optimization of low temperature bleaching of cotton using statistical modelling

Very high temperatures (e.g. ~98 °C) are mainly used to perform hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) bleaching of cotton fabrics in industrial practice. Such harsh conditions can lead to high fabric damages and high energy consumptions. In recent years, an extensive research is being done to reduce the temperature for industrial cotton bleaching process. Similar attempt has been made in the present work, where the synthesized polyamidoamine dendrimers have been used as a stabilizer in the place of sodium silicate. The low temperature bleaching was optimized using a statistical model. An optimized recipe was formulated based on the half factorial central composite design and numerical optimization solution by Design-Expert 6.0 software. The performance of the optimized sample was compared with the sample using traditional method of bleaching and achieved the lower bleaching temperature of 70–80 °C than the traditional bleaching temperature with fabric’s whiteness index comparable.     

Single Bath Full Bleaching of Flax Fibers Using an Activated Sodium Chlorite/Hexamethylene Tetramine System

Abstract

A novel chemical formulation for bleaching flax fibers (machine tow) in one-step process was established. The process is based on activation of sodium chlorite by hexamethylene tetramine (HMTA) in the presence of a nonionic wetting agent. The factors affecting the bleaching such as HMTA concentration, temperature, and duration of the treatment were studied to optimize the bleaching conditions. The bleached flax fibers were assessed for critical properties; namely, whiteness index, loss in fiber weight, tensile strength, carboxyl groups, and carbonyl groups. Based on the results obtained the optimum formulation for bleaching the flax fibers is consisting of: [NaClO2] = 5 g/l, [HMTA] = 0.25 g/l and [wetting agent] = 1 g/l provided that bleaching is carried out at 90°C for 3 hrs using a material-to-liquor ratio (M/L) of 1:50. For comparison purposes, different types of flax fibers; namely, grey, card, and waste fibers were bleached under the optimum bleaching conditions of the machine tow flax fibers, and their properties after bleaching were also examined. Furthermore, tentative mechanisms for the reactions involved in bleaching using NaClO2/HMTA system were suggested. It seems that, when the optimum formulation was used, HMTA activates decomposition of NaClO₂ to mainly liberate nascent oxygen rather than chlorine dioxide.     

有机酸法玉米秸秆皮浆短流程TCF漂白特性

选择短流程漂白技术对有机酸法玉米秸秆皮浆(OABCSRP)进行漂白,研究了碱处理(E)、压力H2O2(PO)和H2O2(P)及其组合漂白工艺对OABCSRP浆特性的影响。结果表明,碱处理对OABCSRP浆脱木素选择性高,是后续漂白的重要基础,当用碱量4.0%时,浆的得率为95.4%、脱木素率为23.5%、黏度为115 mPa.s、亮度为44.2%;短流程E(PO)漂白可作为中高白度文化用纸浆料的漂白,在E段用碱量4.0%、PO段H2O2用量为2.0%时,可获得得率87.6%、黏度53.5 mPa.s、亮度79.9%的漂白浆,E(PO)漂白浆具有较好的打浆和纸张性能;短流程E(PO)P漂白在H2O2总用量为2.5%时,可获得得率为86.4%、黏度为59.6 mPa.s、亮度为82.7%的漂白浆。     

亚麻粗纱超临界二氧化碳无水煮漂技术研究进展

针对现有亚麻煮漂工艺流程长,耗水耗能高,环境污染严重等难题,总结了传统亚麻粗纱化学煮漂法、化学生物煮漂法和生物酶煮漂法工艺过程,并提出了亚麻粗纱超临界二氧化碳流体煮漂工艺技术。分析了超临界二氧化碳流体特性及酶在超临界二氧化碳流体中的应用现状;结合亚麻粗纱超临界二氧化碳流体煮漂装置,阐述了超临界状态下,在各异温度场、压力场和流体场态下,利用复配的木聚糖酶、纤维素酶夹带剂,在反应釜体中对亚麻粗纱进行无水煮漂,并针对超临界二氧化碳煮漂方法的特点,提出了亚麻粗纱煮漂研究中亟需开展的研究工作。