锂离子液流电池电极悬浮液研究进展

锂离子液流电池将锂离子电池的工作原理与传统液流电池的结构特点相结合,是一种正处于基础技术开发阶段的新型电化学储能电池技术,具有输出功率和储能容量彼此独立、成本较低等特点,适用于未来电网储能领域。电极悬浮液作为实现锂离子液流电池充放电功能的主体材料,其导电性能和流动性能是影响锂离子液流电池倍率特性和能量密度的重要因素。论文结合实验数据对该方向面临的主要技术问题及研究重点进行了分析,认为电极悬浮液的研究需要从导电机理、质量比容量、流变性能等方面进一步深入研究,并建立标准评价体系。     

Research progress of electrode suspensions of lithium-ion flow batteries

锂离子液流电池将锂离子电池的工作原理与传统液流电池的结构特点相结合,是一种正处于基础技术开发阶段的新型电化学储能电池技术,具有输出功率和储能容量彼此独立、成本较低等特点,适用于未来电网储能领域。电极悬浮液作为实现锂离子液流电池充放电功能的主体材料,其导电性能和流动性能是影响锂离子液流电池倍率特性和能量密度的重要因素。论文结合实验数据对该方向面临的主要技术问题及研究重点进行了分析,认为电极悬浮液的研究需要从导电机理、质量比容量、流变性能等方面进一步深入研究,并建立标准评价体系。     

液流电池储能技术研究进展北大核心CSCD

储能技术是构建以新能源为主体的新型电力系统,实现双碳目标的关键支撑技术。液流电池储能技术具有安全可靠、寿命长、环境友好等优势,成为规模储能的首选技术之一。本文通过对传统液流电池储能技术包括铁铬液流电池储能技术、全钒液流电池储能技术、锌溴液流电池储能技术和液流电池新体系包括基于溴基氧化还原电对的液流电池新体系、醌基液流电池体系、吩嗪基液流电池体系、TEMPO类液流电池体系、紫精类液流电池体系的研究进展进行探讨,综述了各类液流电池储能技术的发展历程及其技术成熟度,着重介绍了各类液流电池储能技术的特点和进一步发展所面临的关键科学问题,重点分析了不同种类的液流电池储能技术实用化进程中的关键技术瓶颈。通过总结分析国内外液流电池储能技术的发展态势,对液流电池储能技术未来发展方向进行了展望。     

The research &development status of vanadium redox flow battery

全钒液流电池是当今世界上规模最大,技术最先进,最接近产业化的液流电池,在风电,光伏发电,电网调峰等领域有着极其良好的应用前景.本文对全钒液流电池的工作原理进行了详细介绍,并对影响全钒液流电池发展的关键技术进行深入分析,结合其国内外的技术发展现状,对全钒液流电池的发展趋势做了客观的评估,并展望了全钒液流电池发展前景.     

光伏系统液流电池储能优化配置北大核心CSCD

液流电池具有长时储能成本低、系统安全性高等特点,适用于大规模长时储能的应用场景,通过对液流电池系统进行合理的规划配置,可以平抑新能源发电系统的间歇性和波动性,对于保障电网安全稳定运行具有重要意义。目前缺乏基于液流电池技术特性和运行特性展开的新能源系统与液流电池优化配置方法研究,随着我国能源快速转型,充分发挥液流电池技术及运行特点,优化配置新能源系统中液流电池容量,对建立新型电力系统有着积极作用。本工作以光伏与液流电池联合发电的局域网为研究对象,提出了适用于光伏系统的液流电池储能优化配置方法,通过对液流电池系统中各个模块系统的运行特性、系统初投资和全寿期运维成本进行了深入地研究分析,基于液流电池系统具有功率与容量模块相分离的特点,对大规模液流电池系统的功率和容量配比进行了优化设计。综合液流电池系统模块优化设计的结果,对光伏与液流电池联合发电的局域网系统进行运行策略优化,在保证局域网供电稳定运行的同时,以液流电池系统初投资与全寿期运行成本之和最小为目标函数,求解得到优化液流电池优化配置方案。算例应用表明,大规模液流电池系统功率和容量配置为1 MW/8 MWh时为经济性最优的兆瓦级液流电池模块设计,25年运行期LCOE为0.292元/kWh;在本工作应用的局域网中储能优化配置的目标函数在储能配置为20 MW/160 MWh方案达到最优解。     

钒氧化还原液流储能电池

介绍了钒氧化还原液流储能电池(VRB)的原理及特点,并与其他储能电池体系进行了比较;论述了VRB的国内外研发现状。由于VRB具有循环寿命长、能量效率高、深度放电性能好、运行费用少及环境危害小等优点,使VRB非常适合用于风力发电场及太阳能光伏发电站以及电网调峰等的储能,其开发及在储能领域应用具有十分重要意义。     

Recent progress in zinc-bromine flow battery energy storage technologies

以活性物质溴化锌为电解液主要成分的锌溴液流电池,其电极及隔膜材料均由塑料构成,具有低成本,长寿命,绿色环保等特点,适合进行大规模的电能存储,在可再生能源接入,分布式发电及智能电网等领域有着巨大的发展潜力.本文介绍了锌溴液流电池的技术原理与组成,分析了其技术特点,概述了目前的研究开发状况,对未来的前景进行了展望,指出进行关键材料的自主研发及批量化生产,优化电堆及系统的结构,控制产品生产工艺质量等是未来研究工作的重点.     

液流电池模拟仿真研究现状与展望北大核心CSCD

液流电池作为一种典型长时储能电池,是可再生能源为主体的新型电力系统的重要组成部分。液流电池技术的不断发展对工程化电堆开发和系统设计提出了更高要求,相比于传统实验测试方法周期长成本高的特点,模拟仿真技术高效而便捷,近年来在液流电池高功率电堆和大容量储能系统设计方面起到了重要作用。本文将基于现有研究工作,重点围绕液流电池基础科学问题的模拟仿真、电堆数值模拟与动态仿真、储能系统模拟仿真与设计三个方面,对液流电池模拟仿真研究现状进行综述和分析,最后对未来液流电池模拟仿真技术的进一步发展提出了展望。     

清华大学液流电池工程研究中心

<正>清华大学液流电池工程研究中心依托清华大学化学工程系的科研成果,联合承德万利通实业集团有限公司,以新能源领域的储能产业发展为背景,将膜科学与储能技术相结合,研究开发大规模蓄电储能的液流电池技术与工艺。研究内容涵盖膜材料分子设计、膜内传质机理、膜制备技术及工艺放大、全钒液流电池技术和工艺等。将科学研究与产业实践相结合,通过工程实践凝练     

清華大学液流电池工程研究中心

<正>清华大学液流电池工程研究中心依托清华大学化学工程系的科研成果,联合承德万利通实业集团有限公司,以新能源领域的储能产业发展为背景,将膜科学与储能技术相结合,研究开发大规模蓄电储能的液流电池技术与工艺。研究内容涵盖膜材料分子设计、膜内传质机理、膜制备技术及工艺放大、全钒液流电池技术和工艺等。将科学研究与产业实践相结合,通过工程实践凝     

A review of large‐scale electrical energy storage

This paper gives a broad overview of a plethora of energy storage technologies available on the large‐scale complimented with their capabilities conducted by a thorough literature survey. According to the capability graphs generated, thermal energy storage, flow batteries, lithium ion, sodium sulphur, compressed air energy storage, and pumped hydro storage are suitable for large‐scale storage in the order of 10's to 100's of MWh; metal air batteries have a high theoretical energy density equivalent to that of gasoline along with being cost efficient; compressed air energy storage has the lowest capital energy cost in comparison to other energy storage technologies; flywheels, super conducting magnetic storage, super capacitors, capacitors, and pumped hydro storage have very low energy density; compressed air energy storage, cryogenic energy storage, thermal energy storage, and batteries have relatively high energy density; high efficiencyin tandem with high energy density results in a cost efficient storage system; and power density pitted against energy density provides a clear demarcation between power and energy applications. This paper also provides a mathematical model for thermal energy storage as a battery. Furthermore, a comprehensive techno‐economic evaluation of the various energy storage technologies would assist in the development of an energy storage technology roadmap. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Application and prospect of zinc nickel battery in energy storage technology

本文介绍了近几年电力储能在全球储能领域的现况及电力储能在现有储能系统中的应用规模。针对目前较成熟的电化学储能电池进行了分析,着重分析了锌镍电池的特点,首先对锌镍电池的低温放电性能、寿命、大电流充放等性能进行了阐述,模拟储能系统充放电实验的结果表明锌镍电池具有循环寿命长和充放电效率高等特点。其次对单液流锌镍电池的工作原理进行了介绍,就目前单液流锌镍电池的各个型号的中试产品以及50 kW·h储能系统进行了总结和讨论,分析表明锌镍电池作为一种新型的蓄电池,其循环寿命长、安全性能好、制造和维护成本较低,随着近几年新材料的发展,锰正极的锌基电池实验成功,促进了锌空气电池、锌铁电池等系列锌基电池的研发,锌镍电池未来在储能市场将会大放异彩。     

Polymer Electrolyte Membranes for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries: Fundamentals and Applications

Electrochemical energy storage systems are considered as one of the most viable solutions to realize large-scale utilization of renewable energy. Among the various electrochemical energy storage systems, flow batteries have increasingly attracted global attention due to their flexible structural design, high efficiencies, long operating life cycle, and independently tunable power and energy storage capacity. Although promising, a number of challenges including the high cost of flow battery materials hinder the broad market penetration of flow battery technology. Polymer electrolyte membrane, as a key component in flow batteries providing pathways for charge carriers transport and preventing electrolytes crossover, takes over 25% of the entire cost of the battery system. Apparently, the membrane not only plays pivotal roles in the operation characteristics of a flow battery, but also largely influences the financial cost of the battery system. To provide insights and better understanding of membranes towards enhancing their performance and cost-effectiveness, we therefore present recent advances and research outcomes on the development of polymer electrolyte membranes as well as their applications in flow batteries, particularly all-vanadium redox flow batteries. Various aspects of polymer electrolyte membranes including functional requirements, characterization methods, materials screening and preparation strategies, transport mechanisms, and commercialization progress are presented. Finally, perspectives for future trends on research and development of polymer electrolyte membranes with relevance to flow batteries are highlighted.     

Vanadium redox flow batteries: a technology review

Flow batteries have unique characteristics that make them especially attractive when compared with conventional batteries, such as their ability to decouple rated maximum power from rated energy capacity, as well as their greater design flexibility. The vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFB) seem to have several advantages among the existing types of flow batteries as they use the same material (in liquid form) in both half‐cells, eliminating the risk of cross contamination and resulting in electrolytes with a potentially unlimited life. Given their low energy density (when compared with conventional batteries), VRFB are especially suited for large stationary energy storage, situations where volume and weight are not limiting factors. This includes applications such as electrical peak shaving, load levelling, UPS, and in conjunction with renewable energies (e.g. wind and solar). The present work thoroughly reviews the VRFB technology detailing their genesis, the basic operation of the various existing designs and the current and future prospects of their application. The main original contribution of the work was the addressing of a still missing in‐depth review and comparison of existing, but dispersed, peer reviewed publications on this technology, with several original and insightful comparison tables, as well as an economic analysis of an application for storing excess energy of a wind farm and sell it during peak demand. The authors have also benefited from their background in electric mobility to carry out original and insightful discussions on the present and future prospects of flow batteries in mobile (e.g. vehicle) and stationary (e.g. fast charging stations) applications related to this field, including a case study. Vanadium redox flow batteries are currently not suitable for most mobile applications, but they are among the technologies which may enable, when mature, the mass adoption of intermittent renewable energy sources which still struggle with stability of supply and lack of flexibility issues.Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

可再生能源系统的能源储存

介绍了电能储存在三种商业模式和各种储能技术包括水力蓄能，压缩空气蓄能，超导磁力储能，流体电池组，蓄电池，飞轮蓄能，储热，在此基础上，对非电网可再生能源储能系统特别是风力发电和储能方案进行了详细的分析，认为这是非常适合偏远地区的新技术。     

Development of the all‐vanadium redox flow battery for energy storage: a review of technological,financial and policy aspects

The commercial development and current economic incentives associated with energy storage using redox flow batteries (RFBs) are summarised. The analysis is focused on the all‐vanadium system, which is the most studied and widely commercialised RFB. The recent expiry of key patents relating to the electrochemistry of this battery has contributed to significant levels of commercialisation in, for example, Austria, China and Thailand, as well as pilot‐scale developments in many countries. The potential benefits of increasing battery‐based energy storage for electricity grid load levelling and MW‐scale wind/solar photovoltaic‐based power generation are now being realised at an increasing level. Commercial systems are being applied to distributed systems utilising kW‐scale renewable energy flows. Factors limiting the uptake of all‐vanadium (and other) redox flow batteries include a comparatively high overall internal costs of $217 kW^?1 h^?1 and the high cost of stored electricity of ≈ The commercial development and current economic incentives associated with energy storage using redox flow batteries (RFBs) are summarised. The analysis is focused on the all‐vanadium system, which is the most studied and widely commercialised RFB. The recent expiry of key patents relating to the electrochemistry of this battery has contributed to significant levels of commercialisation in, for example, Austria, China and Thailand, as well as pilot‐scale developments in many countries. The potential benefits of increasing battery‐based energy storage for electricity grid load levelling and MW‐scale wind/solar photovoltaic‐based power generation are now being realised at an increasing level. Commercial systems are being applied to distributed systems utilising kW‐scale renewable energy flows. Factors limiting the uptake of all‐vanadium (and other) redox flow batteries include a comparatively high overall internal costs of $217 kW^?1 h^?1 and the high cost of stored electricity of ≈ $0.10 kW^?1 h^?1. There is also a low‐level utility scale acceptance of energy storage solutions and a general lack of battery‐specific policy‐led incentives, even though the environmental impact of RFBs coupled to renewable energy sources is favourable, especially in comparison to natural gas‐ and diesel‐fuelled spinning reserves. Together with the technological and policy aspects associated with flow batteries, recent attempts to model redox flow batteries are considered. The issues that have been addressed using modelling together with the current and future requirements of modelling are outlined. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

国内储能技术应用进展

储能是智能电网、可再生能源接入、分布式发电、微网以及电动汽车发展不可或缺的支撑环节,但其产业链尚不成熟,特别是一些关键技术的开发还难以满足整个新能源产业的发展需要。分析了我国储能技术在发展中存在的主要问题、发展方向与政策支持,虽然各类储能技术不断实现突破,但短时期内还将存在“多种储能技术并存,共同发展”的格局,重点讨论了机械储能、电磁储能和电化学储能的特点和应用场合。目前国内有多家企业都在研制开发和应用这些新能源储能电池,对各类储能技术应用进展情况进行了介绍。     

储能技术的研究开发现状及展望

储能系统在稳定电网、利用可再生能源方面起着重要作用。介绍了各种储能方式及其特点．综述了大型储能技术的研究开发状况,其中氧化还原液流电池具有成本低、效率高、寿命长等优点,商业化前景看好。     

Recent progress of electrode materials for room-temperature sodium-ion stationary batteries

随着风能、太阳能等可再生能源的不断发展,储能作为影响其发展的关键技术越来越受到人们的关注。在储能领域,锂离子电池以高能量密度、长循环寿命、高电压等诸多优点在电子领域已得到广泛的应用,并成为未来电动汽车动力电池的最佳选择。但因锂资源储量有限、分布不均匀,而且原材料成本比较高,所以锂离子电池在电网大规模储能方面的应用遇到了瓶颈。与锂相比,钠不但具有与锂相似的物理化学性质,更具有资源丰富、分布广泛、原料成本低廉等优势。近些年室温钠离子电池再次引起了人们的研究兴趣,特别是在电网储能方面表现出极大的应用潜力。虽然目前已报道了多种钠离子电池电极材料,但大都离实用化以及进一步产业化尚有一定的距离。本文重点介绍一些性能较为突出的室温钠离子电池电极材料,并指出要实现钠离子电池的产业化,需要开发空气中稳定、高安全、高容量、高倍率、循环稳定、低成本的新型正、负极材料。     

Application and development trends of energy storage technology in the field of traffic

纵观当前全球电力系统发展规划,智能电网,可再生能源和分布式发电,微电网以及电动汽车都列入了各国电力系统发展的重点方向,而储能技术正是实现上述领域发展必不可少的技术支撑.目前,储能技术较高的成本阻碍了其在电力系统中的应用.若将电动汽车动力电池作为电力系统的储能元件,便可使其作为传统交通工具的同时,充当电力系统的一种潜在的备用电源.通过电动汽车V2G模式和动力电池的梯次使用,将帮助电网调峰调频,促进电动汽车动力电池的产业化和多种应用,降低电动汽车的生产和使用成本,最终实现交通能源消费的电力化.本文在对电动汽车储能相关技术,基础设施建设及与之匹配的商业模式进行梳理和分析的基础上,展望电动汽车储能的发展潜力并提出相应的政策建议.