基于LabVIEW车体稳定性光电检测技术研究

采用光电检测和计算机数据处理技术来检测火炮在射击过程中稳定性的光电设备,代替目前使用的划针、划板的机械测量方法,实现火炮稳定性的非接触测量。简述这种检测设备的工作原理及基于LabVIEW进行数据处理并显示坐标点.     

基于神经网络的火炮射击振动衰减研究

振动对火炮的射击精度有较大的影响。建立了一种基于神经网络的火炮减振系统非线性动态模型，用位移和速度作为模型的输入，以控制量和其变化率作为输出，并给出了网络的学习算法。仿真显示，该控制器具有良好的稳定性，结构受控后振动衰减迅速，且控制器结构简单。     

基于制造特征的火炮零件工艺决策技术研究

为简化结构复杂的火炮零件工艺设计流程,有效地提高工艺设计效率和可靠性,提出了一种基于制造特征的火炮零件工艺加工决策方法.采用参数化建模方法建立火炮零件模型,运用遗传算法对火炮零件工艺决策逻辑机制进行推理,并对制造特征进行识别与提取,从而快速确定火炮零件的工艺决策.以火炮炮尾为例进行了验证,结果表明,火炮零件模型可快速生成零件工艺流程,为火炮零件的加工制造提供条件.     

火炮磁流变后坐阻尼器的设计与可控性分析

以高冲击、高速环境下的某口径火炮反后坐装置为研究对象,讨论了后坐阻力对火炮静止性和射击稳定性的影响,研究了磁流变阻尼器对火炮后坐运动的控制作用。设计了火炮磁流变后坐阻尼器及冲击试验平台;考虑冲击载荷激励下惯性力的影响,建立了火炮反后坐装置动力学模型并进行了计算仿真,对所设计长行程磁流变阻尼器进行了冲击试验,测试其在冲击载荷下的动态特性,并进行了后坐过程半实物仿真控制。试验结果表明设计的长行程火炮用磁流变阻尼器可有效抑制冲击载荷激励作用,为进一步实现火炮后坐力与行程控制的一体化设计和工程应用奠定了基础。     

基于虚拟样机技术和广义简约梯度算法优化火炮射击稳定性

传统的火炮设计和分析均基于“平面、对称和静平衡”三个基本假设，实际上是一种静态的分析方法，虚拟样机技术的出现为基于动力学的火炮动态分析提供了新的途径。在建立火炮动力学模型的基础上，利用虚拟样机技术系统地研究了高低机刚度和阻尼、大架刚度和阻尼、土壤介质刚度和阻尼、后坐质量偏心和耳轴位置偏心对火炮射击稳定性的影响。通过引入相对灵敏度分析公式，解决了具有不同量纲的影响因素的比较难题，进而获得影响火炮射击稳定性的重要结构参数。针对目前优化技术存在非线性优化问题的局限性，以火炮射击稳定性为目标，采用广义简约梯度算法对火炮射击稳定性进行了优化，得到一组使火炮稳定性最优的匹配结构参数，仿真及优化算例证明了利用虚拟样机技术对火炮系统动态特性仿真的可行性和灵活性。最后，展望了虚拟样机技术在武器装备领域应用的前景。     

立靶测试系统校准方法可行性分析报告

正立靶密集度是衡量火炮武器射击准确度性能的重要战绩指标,在火炮研制阶段,常用立靶密集度指标来检验火炮系统是否满足设计要求,在部队训练和火炮批量生产、弹药交验时,也常常要进行立靶密集度射击试验。立靶密集度试验是国军标规定的火炮外弹道试验中必须进行的试验项目,兵器行业内现有的坦克炮、舰炮及步兵战车等无论是科研阶段还是批生产阶段,均须按GJB2973A-2008《火炮内弹道试验方法》和GJB2974-1997《火炮外弹道     

基于虚拟高冲击样机的装备寿命预测研究

讨论了虚拟样机(virtual prototyping)的意义和必要性，简要介绍了ADAMS仿真系统。以承受高冲击激励的火炮为研究对象，分析了影响火炮工作性能的主要因素，总结了火炮正常工作的三个基本准则。运用Fortran语言编制了火炮故障仿真模块，在ADAMS环境下建立了火炮高冲击虚拟样机。结合层次分析法(AHP)确定了性能的影响权重，制定了基于虚拟高冲击样机的火炮工作性能评估方案，进而对火炮剩余寿命进行预测，仿真结果证明了评估和预测研究的有效性。最后，展望了虚拟样机的应用前景和下一步的研究重点。     

火炮射击时全炮运动测试方法

目的 介绍了通过测试射击时火炮上的一些点相对于某些静止点的距离变化,进行数据处理。方法 求出火炮任一瞬间所出的位置状态。结果与结论 由此可求出火炮在射击时的运动过程,为研究发火炮的稳定性、射击精度和动力学问题提供依据。     

基于ADAMS与CPSO算法的火炮结构参数优化设计研究

针对火炮动力学模型是多部件、强非线性的系统,直接在ADAMS环境下对火炮结构参数进行优化,可能存在实现难度大、迭代次数过多、优化效果不明显等问题,提出了基于ADAMS与CPSO算法相结合的火炮结构参数优化设计方法．在利用Pro/E与ADAMS建立火炮虚拟样机并进行仿真试验的基础上,采用混沌粒子群算法对火炮结构参数进行优化,从而获得火炮结构参数和炮口扰动优化结果．根据优化值与初始值的对比分析,证明了文中所提优化设计方法合理可行．     

火炮射击时全炮运动测试方法

目的　介绍了通过测试射击时火炮上的一些点相对于某些静止点的距离变化 ,进行数据处理 .方法　求出火炮任一瞬间所出的位置状态 .结果与结论　由此可求出火炮在射击时的运动过程 ,为研究发火炮的稳定性、射击精度和动力学问题提供依据     

Shelf-life estimation of gun propellant stockpile

Gun propellant stability is an important consideration when assessing the safety of gun ammunition. In order to predict deteriorating stability of propellant stockpiles over lifetime, the master sample surveillance program has long been used by U.S. military laboratories. In this paper, we utilize the information obtained from the Navy's master sample surveillance program and employ a random effects linear model to estimate the safe shelf-life of gun propellant stockpiles. Estimation methods are discussed and applied to 5-inch 54-caliber Navy Cool (NACO) propellants. Several recommendations are made to improve the current practice of the surveillance program and subsequent data analyses.     

不同测试方法对射孔弹穿孔性能的评价

采用地面模拟装枪穿钢靶试验、整枪穿环形混凝土靶试验和地面模拟装枪穿砂岩靶试验3种不同的测试方法评价一种114型射孔弹穿孔性能。结果表明:在射孔弹方案研制阶段,选择地面模拟装枪穿钢靶试验,试验成本较低,对优化穿深性能有指导意义;地面模拟装枪穿砂岩靶试验作为射孔弹研制后期的评价方法,贴合射孔弹对地层的射孔效能,对油气增产和射孔弹应用更具指导意义。     

Mechanical design aspects of the HYVAX railgun

The hypervelocity experiment (HYVAX) railgun (Fig. 1) is designed to produce projectile velocities greater than 15 km/s in a 13-m-long, round bore gun. The HYVAX gun incorporates a modular design enabling it to operate in either a distributed energy-storage mode or a single-stage mode. The gun is composed of seven O.3-m-long power input modules and nine 1.2-m-long accelerating modules. The gun is designed for a 100-shot life. To accommodate this, the bore may be enlarged from an initial diameter of 10.8 mm to a final diameter of 12.7 mm. This will allow the bore to be refinished several times during the life of the gun. To minimize mechanical and arc damage to the gun between bore refinishing operations, the gun will incorporate a low pressure helium projectile injector. Projectiles will be injected under vacuum at 350 m/s. The gun will be operated at a peak current and voltage of 600 kA and 6 kV respectively. The gun will undergo three phases of testing. The first phase will be the characterization of the gun's performance using a 3.0-m-long section of the gun comprising two power modules and two accelerating modules. This testing will be accomplished using two of the seven capacitor bank modules shown in Fig. 1. The second test phase will use a distributed power configuration and seven capacitor bank modules, as shown in Fig. 1, to demonstrate a velocity of 15 km/s with a 1-g projectile. The predicted performance of the gun for this test phase is illustrated in Fig. 2. In the third phase of testing we will use a magnetic flux compression generator (MFCG) to power the gun with a goal of demonstrating a velocity of 25 km/s.     

Development of a three-stage, light-gas gun at the University of Dayton Research Institute

An elusive goal of the hypervelocity impact community has been the evaluation of the ballistic response of space hardware to impact velocities ranging from 8 to 11 km/s using projectiles with known properties. The design, development, and use, during the 1960s, of a three-stage, light-gas gun at McGill University is reviewed. The developers of this gun claim that they were able to launch cylindrical, 12.7-mm-diameter Lexan disks with masses of 1.5 and 1.1 g to velocities of 9.6 and 10.5 km/s, respectively. This paper presents the results of an internally funded program at the University of Dayton Research Institute (UDRI) to duplicate the published performance of the McGill University launcher. A support structure and various components of a third stage which used an 8.1-mm-diameter launch tube were added to the UDRI 75/30-mm, two-stage, light-gas gun, making the arrangement of the components similar to the one used by McGill University. Work on the development of the UDRI three-stage, light-gas gun is a continuing effort, with the goal of successfully launching small diameter (3 mm or less) aluminum spheres to velocities in excess of 9 km/s. To date, the highest projectile velocity achieved with the UDRI three-stage, light-gas gun has been 8.65 km/s.     

Enhanced CNC lathe capability by addition of a grinding spindle

CNC grinding machines are widely used to obtain a good surface finish and tight tolerances. However, these machines are expensive, therefore manufacturers are considering adding a grinding spindle, interchangeable with a boring bar, to a turning lathe. To facilitate this, complex software is required because the programmer must control the whole surface of the grinding wheel not just the tool or cutter tip, as in turning or milling. This paper presents a general algorithm to simplify the grinding programme. The programmer will use this algorithm to create a subroutine suitable for the machine. The subroutine may then be used for all grinding operations. The programmer will need only to describe the contour of each workpiece, as for a CNC lathe program, in a separate small program. The algorithm has been applied to a hollow spindle lathe equipped with Sinumeric 840 C numerical control, and several gun barrels were turned and ground using the proposed approach. Satisfactory results were obtained.     

Hypervelocity macroparticle accelerator experiments at CEM-UT

Several railgun experiments designed to accelerate projectile masses of 2 to 5 g to velocities greater than 6 km/s were performed. Two parallel rail-type accelerators with 12.7 mm square bores were used for the experiments. One gun is 2 m long, has molybdenum rails and alumina ceramic insulators. The other is 1 m long, has molybdenum rails and granite insulators. The greatest velocity achieved to date during the experiments was 5.1 km/s. During the test program, the following ideas to enhance launcher performance were tested: stiff-gun structures to reduce plasma leakage and rail movement, refactory bore materials to reduce ablation and frictional losses, and prefilling the gun bore with gases which will eliminate precursor arcs. After three experiments utilizing the 2 m long launcher, with peak currents ranging from 660 to 780 kA, a gun barrel comprised of 96% pure alumina ceramic insulators and 99.9% pure molybdenum rails has survived with minimal damage and no degradation of seals     

Space charge effects and dynamic interactions in the case of a broad and intense ion beam bombarding an insulated substrate

A small single grid ion gun system, isolated by a quartz tube, was investigated. The dependence of the potential of the floating substrates was measured, and its dependence on grid voltage and pressure was determined. This potential could be controlled by changing the parameters of the ion gun. This seems to be a new possibility for controlled deposition of insulating materials with ion beams of low energy. And it explains results which were obtained in deposition of diamond-like carbon films on insulating substrates.     

The performance of fighting vehicle hydraulic gun buffers

This paper describes research into the performance of high-energy gun recoil absorbers, usually referred to as gun buffers, for use on military fighting vehicles. A test facility, built at the University of Birmingham, to simulate the gun reaction loads imposed on the recoil absorbers is described. Tests to examine the sensitivity of the buffer performance to change in recoil mass, velocity, fluid and density are presented. A theoretical model to predict the buffer behaviour is derived which enables parameters such as fluid compressibility, aeration and elasticity of the system to be investigated. The theoretical predictions are shown to agree with data obtained from tests.