河南省测土配方施肥技术的应用现状、存在问题及发展前景

简单介绍测土配方施肥技术在河南省的推广应用现状。分析其推广过程中存在的问题:只测土,不配肥;测土结果滞后,配方肥应用存在时空局限性;土壤样品检测结果的可靠性不能保证;对测土配方施肥技术认识不足。针对存在问题,提出河南省测土配方施肥技术的推广建议,展望其发展前景。     

我国测土配方施肥中的问题探讨

阐述国内测土配方施肥椎广现状;剖析在测土配方施肥过程中出现的错误认识和争议观点;提出推广测土配方施肥的主体,企业肥料配方的制定原则,推广测土配方施肥面临的问题;并探讨测土配方施肥有效机制。     

试论配方施肥技术和化肥企业农化服务

论述当前配方施肥技术中存在的问题,指出化肥企业开展农化服务是搞好配方施肥工作的有效途径,对企业农化服务部门测土配方施肥工作中的具体做法提出了建议.     

黄淮地区基施型复混肥料的设计

根据黄淮地区土壤的种类及养分状况，结合作物的常见产量及目标产量，介绍其简化基施型复混肥料的配方设计，以利于测土配方施肥技术的普及与推广.     

美国艾奥瓦州测土配方施肥技术

介绍美国艾奥瓦州测土配方施肥工作中土壤样品采集处理、分析测试、化验室质量控制和施肥指标体系等关键环节,探讨其采用的先进技术和方法,提出提高我国测土配方施肥技术的建议。     

德州获中央测土配方施肥补贴415万元

<正>近日,德州市获中央测土配方施肥项目补贴资金415万元,今年德州市计划推广测土配方施肥技术1157万亩,占全省的十分之一。测土配方施肥是以土壤测试和肥料田间试验为基础,根据作物需肥规律、土壤供肥性能和肥料效应,在合理施用有机肥料的基础上,提出氮、磷、钾及中、微量元素等肥料的施用数量、施肥时期和施用方法,实现各种养分平衡供应,满足作物的需     

测土配方施肥成效与展望

阐述从2005年国家启动测土配方施肥补贴项目及推广测土配方施肥技术以来所取得的成效;推广测土配方施肥技术存在的主要问题;对今后推广测土配方施肥工作提出几点意见。     

山东省4200万元资金补贴59个测土配方施肥示范县

从省农业厅在4月28日召开的"全省测土配方施肥工作会议"上获悉,今年我省将大规模开展测土配方施肥活动,加大投入力度开展测土配方示范县建设,落实4200万元测土配方施肥补贴资金。今年3月,农业部召开的全国测土配方施肥工作会议明确提出,在全国     

测土配方施肥工程给我国腐植酸肥料企业带来的机遇与挑战

着重讨论了我国目前正在实施的测土配方施肥工程与肥料生产经营企业发展之间的关系,探讨了腐植酸肥料企业参与测土配方施肥工程的途径、要求以及战略意义,并简要地介绍了测土配方施肥工程的技术与操作环节.     

腐植酸是深化“测土配方施肥”的发展方向——从宁夏供销社联合社深化腐植酸测土配方施肥透视科研与产业发展的动向

我国从2005年启动测土配方施肥项目以来,3年中累计安排中央财政补贴资金16亿元,在1200个县推广应用测土配方施肥技术。2008年,中央财政补贴测土配方施肥项目资金11．5亿元,项目实施县将达1861个,覆盖2／3以上农业县。很显然,农业部实施的“测土配方施肥”计划,政策对头,措施得力,财政补贴到位。但是,目前实施的“测土配方施肥”计划仅把氮、磷、钾根据不同需求组配到一起,并不能起到活化土壤、改良土壤和有效激发肥效的作用。面对农业环境、农业可持续发展和农产品安全等对施肥提出的越来越高的要求,测土配方施肥需要从更优化、更长远的角度进一步深化开发。根据测土配方施肥的特点和要求,结合腐植酸的特性,利用腐植酸深化测土配方施肥是一项有益的措施。     

浅析用异烟酸-吡唑酮分光光度法测定水中氰化物

如何提高水中氰化物测定的准确性,阐述经过十几年的从事分析工作的实践,总结、提出改进原有的分析方法的建议。     

炭黑含量测定方法标准对比研究

对比了3个国内外炭黑含量测定方法标准,探讨了管式电炉法、马弗炉法、热重分析仪法等3种测试方法的差异,并据此对GB/T 13021—XXXX《聚乙烯管材和管件炭黑含量的测定（热失重法）》标准的修订提供了建议。结果表明,GB/T 13021—1991包含的测定方法较为单一;建议GB/T 13021—XXXX标准修订时,在管式电炉法中,增加若使用氧气含量小于0.002 %的氮气则可不进行除氧等规定,并增加试验前对样品舟的清洁和称重要求;增加马弗炉法（传统马弗炉法和微波马弗炉法）和热重分析仪法;马弗炉法建议称重步骤采用ISO 6964?2019的规定;热重分析仪法建议在ISO 6964?2019规定的基础上,增加取样部位和取值说明要求。     

毛豆配方施肥试验初报

通过经典五处理毛豆施肥试验,分析试验地土壤有效养分情况和施肥效应等。试验结果表明,毛豆氮磷钾施肥效应为N〉K〉P。田间简比试验表明,推荐毛豆施肥配比为m（N）：m（P2O5）：m（K2O）=1：0．8：1,配方施肥取得最高产量,且每667m^2节本增效324元。     

Determination of Total Glucosinolates in Cruciferous Seeds by Semimicro-gravimetry and Spectrophotometry with Tetrachloropalladate

For the determination of the glucosinolate content in cruciferous seeds by spectrophotometry with tetrachloropalladate it is necessary to classify the samples according to their different absorption spectra of the corresponding Pd-complexes into groups. Standard samples are recommended for the preparation of the different calibration curves, which have to be analysed by photometry as well as by a reference method. In order to eliminate the influence of the colour of the extracts and the Pd-reagent solution on the analytical results double-cell blank cuvettes have been used. A modified gravimetric method on a semimicro scale was employed as reference method. This latter method is recommended as sole procedure if only few samples have to be analysed. Using the proposed alterations of the Pd-method improvements of the accuracy and the precision of the results and the sensitivity of the method can be achieved.     

Effects of fertilizer and weeding in no-tillage and tilled maize

Field trials were carried out on Apomu soil (Psammentic usthorthent) and Egbeda soil (Oxic paleustalf) in southern Nigeria to investigate the effects of fertilizer and weeding on growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) under no-tillage and tilled land preparations.On the newly cleared Apomu soil, broadleaved weeds comprised the major portion of the weed flora, with the shrubs being more important under no-tillage. More grasses and sedges were present when the soil was tilled. Regardless of tillage method, there was a 38% yield reduction due to weeds in the unfertilized plots, with yield in tilled plots being almost double that in no-tillage plots. Effect of weed competition in maize can be partially overcome by fertilization as yield reductions due to weeds were 19% in the fertilized plots. Weeding was shown to be necessary even with a first crop following bush clearing especially when the soil fertility was low.On both soil types maize yield responded to fertilizer application. Yield of no-tillage maize was less than that of tilled maize with no or low rates of N application, but with adequate N fertilization yield from no-tillage maize equalled that of tilled maize. Lower yield of no-tillage maize may in part be attributed to severe N stress during early growth. Consequently on low fertility soil, no-tillage maize production is not recommended without adequate N fertilization.     

防老剂TMQ有效成分的含量分析

分别采用GB/T 8826—2011中高效液相色谱法定量分析、红外光谱法定性分析和薄层色谱法半定量分析防老剂TMQ有效成分二聚体含量。结果表明:高效液相色谱定量采用面积归一法进行数据处理分析防老剂TMQ的有效成分二聚体含量时具有一定的局限性,建议采用内标法或外标法进行定量分析;对于有疑问的分析结果,可以结合薄层色谱法半定量结果进行分析。     

科学施肥与现代农业

论述科学施肥是现代农业中的一个重要内容,要大力推进先进的施肥技术,研发高效优化的新型肥料产品,普及推广科学用肥的方法,促进现代农业发展。介绍各种作物营养套餐施肥方案及示范试验测产结果。     

不同施肥处理对设施农业土壤主要阴离子含量的影响

该试验选择具有16年棚龄的北方大棚,选用腐植酸、沸石为主要材料,通过测土施肥的试验方法,研究设施农业次生盐渍土的阴离子含量状况。结果表明：施用无机肥料可以快速增加土壤表层0～20cm的阴离子盐分含量,但对20cm以下土壤阴离子影响不明显。测土配方施肥处理、测土配方施肥＋腐植酸处理、测土配方施肥＋沸石处理、测土配方施肥＋腐植酸＋沸石处理与农民常规施肥相比,在降低土壤盐分含量方面效果显著,各处理均能有效降低土壤的盐分离子NO3^-、SO4^2-、Cl^-、HCO3^的含量水平。     

P-equilibrium fertilization in an intensive dairy farming system: effects on soil-P status,crop yield and P leaching

In the coming decade, European dairy farms are obliged to realize a balance between phosphor (P) inputs to their farmland (in inorganic fertilizers and manure) and outputs (in crop products), the so-called P-equilibrium fertilization. The objective of the present study is to analyze the long-term effects of P-equilibrium fertilization on soil-P status (total soil-P and available soil-P), crop yield and P leaching on dry sandy soil, using data from experimental dairy farm ‘De Marke’, where P-equilibrium fertilization has been applied since 1989. For grassland, P availability is expressed in P-Al and for arable land in Pw. Total and available P status were monitored in the upper topsoil (layer 0–0.2 m). Total soil-P was also monitored in the lower topsoil (layer 0.2–0.4 m) and in the subsoil (0.4–0.6 m). From 1989 to 2006, Pw and P-Al (means of all farmland) decreased by 26 and 25%, respectively. In the same period, mean total-P content of the farmland decreased by 16%. There was a large variation in initial P status (1989) of the various plots. The rate of decline in all soil-P indicators was positively correlated to their initial values. In plots with the lowest initial values, P status did not change, while in plots with high initial values it tended to stabilize at lower levels. At equilibrium-P fertilization, Pw is estimated to stabilize at 20. This is lower than the recommended P status of Dutch soils used for maize cropping. P-Al is estimated to stabilize at 30–40, which corresponds to the current recommendations for grassland. The data show that at P-equilibrium fertilization, soil available-P status is higher in a maize-ley rotation than in permanent grassland. The decline in total P and available P did not affect crop yield, nor did it affect the P concentration in groundwater, but at ‘De Marke’, P emission to groundwater is generally low. The results obtained suggest that P-equilibrium fertilization can be compatible with efficient crop production.     

水稻专用肥与常规肥稻田施用技术研究

通过水稻专用肥与常规化肥稻田应用的试验比较 ,分析氯基型水稻专用肥的作用机理及增产效应。提出每公顷施水稻专用肥 (13- 6 - 6 ) 90 0 kg加尿素 15 0 kg比较适宜 ,并提出相应的施肥技术