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1.
中空纤维支撑液膜技术处理含铜废水   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
重金属废水的处理在环境保护和重金属资源综合利用方面都受到广泛的关注.采用中空纤维支撑液膜技术,用CuSO4水溶液模拟工业含Cu(Ⅱ)废水,二(2-乙基己基)磷酸(D2EHPA)/煤油为液膜相,盐酸为接受相,研究了液膜相组成、两相流速、流动方式等因素对中空纤维支撑液膜过程传质性能的影响.结果表明,料液相在管程流动时的传质通量大于料液相在壳程流动时的传质通量,传质通量随着管、壳程两相流速的增大及液膜相中载体浓度的增加而增大.模拟实验结果表明,中空纤维支撑液膜技术可同时实现废水中Cu(Ⅱ)的去除与浓缩,处理效果好.废水中Cu(Ⅱ)的去除率达97%以上,富集液中Cu(Ⅱ)浓缩倍数达5倍以上.  相似文献   

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介绍了液-液萃取、膜萃取和液膜萃取3种萃取处理含酚废水方法,叙述了它们的原理、特性、工艺以及应用优势和存在问题。认为高效、低毒、溶解度小、廉价萃取剂的开发,多种萃取剂混合协同作用的机理研究对提升整个萃取效率起关键作用;膜萃取应从膜材料着手,加强制备廉价、高通量的膜组件;并着力研究膜溶胀和膜污染的机理和控制方法;液膜法目前尚缺乏大规模工业化应用实例,如何提升其稳定性还需进一步的研究。  相似文献   

4.
中空纤维更新液膜技术处理含铬废水   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
以磷酸三丁酯(TBP,质量分数为40%)/煤油为萃取剂、氢氧化钠溶液为反萃剂,采用一种新型的液膜技术———中空纤维更新液膜(HFRLM)技术处理含铬废水。研究了HFRLM技术对废水中Cr(Ⅵ)的去除与浓缩效果。结果表明,中空纤维更新液膜技术可同时实现废水中Cr(VI)的分离与富集。处理后,废水中Cr(VI)含量小于0.5 mg/L,Cr(VI)的去除率达99.8%,达到国家排放标准;富集液中Cr(VI)浓度高达2 500 mg/L。该项技术在含铬废水的处理方面表现出良好的应用前景。  相似文献   

5.
液膜分离技术处理含铀废水   总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12  
探讨了一种乳化型液膜的组成和制备方法,以及用它去处理含铀废水的条件,我们在连续逆流试验中获得较满意的结果。  相似文献   

6.
以10%(体积分数)LIX984N/煤油为液膜相,2 mol/L硫酸溶液为反萃相,研究了中空纤维更新液膜(HFRLM)技术对模拟电镀废水中二价铜离子的去除及浓缩效果,并讨论了停留时间对二价铜离子去除率的影响.结果表明,中空纤维更新液膜技术可同时实现废水中二价铜离子的分离与富集.经7级处理后,废水中二价铜离子的含量低于1.0 mg/L,二价铜离子的去除率为99.0%,达到国家排放标准;富集液中二价铜离子的浓度达1700 mg/L,富集因子为25.中空纤维更新液膜技术在含铜废水处理方面具有广阔的应用前景.  相似文献   

7.
液膜分离法处理甲氰菊酯生产含氰化钠废水   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
程迪  宋广荣 《农药》1996,35(1):16-17
报道了一种液膜分离法处理甲氰菊酯生产中含氰化钠废水和废水中氰化钠回收的新工艺。讨论了方法的原理、工艺和经济效果。  相似文献   

8.
陈樱玉  潘雪峰 《广东化工》2012,39(6):124-124
液膜分离是一种高效、快速、节能的新型分离技术。文章综述了液膜分离技术处理化工废水的基本原理、技术进展及其应用实例。  相似文献   

9.
乳化液膜法处理含Cr(Ⅲ)废水   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
余晓皎  姚秉华  周孝德 《化工学报》2004,55(10):1736-1739
引 言液膜分离技术具有选择性好、分离速度快、设备简单、节能等优点 ,目前在石油化工、湿法冶金、医药、农业及废水处理等方面均有研究[1~ 3] ,有工业化应用报道[4 ] .铬在废水中有三价铬和六价铬两种存在形式 ,三价铬由于不易被消化道吸收 ,在皮肤表层和蛋白质结合可形成稳定络合物 ,故不像六价铬那样易引起呼吸道癌及皮炎和铬疮 ,但是 ,三价铬在肺内易蓄积 ,引起肺癌 .因此 ,研究环境系统中三价铬的分离及回收技术 ,很有意义 .含铬废水的处理主要有化学法、离子交换法和电解法 ,这 3种方法虽然比较成熟 ,但不能单独回收金属 ,而且费用…  相似文献   

10.
用无机膜处理含镍废水   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
阐述了无机膜分离技术处理含镍废水的中试和半工业化试验,分析了无机膜处理含镍废水的可行性。  相似文献   

11.
综述了近5年来电镀废水中铬(VI)的分析测定方法,主要包括分光光度法、催化光度法、荧光光度法、原子吸收法、电化学法、化学传感器法、化学发光法及共振光散射法等。  相似文献   

12.
The transport of chromium(VI) through a flat‐sheet supported liquid membrane containing Cyanex 921 as a carrier has been investigated. The permeation of the metal is investigated as a function of various experimental variables: hydrodynamic conditions, concentration of chromium(VI) and HCl in the feed phase, carrier concentration and diluent in the membrane and strippant concentration in the stripping phase. The mass transfer coefficient and the thickness of the aqueous boundary layer were calculated from the experimental data. Furthermore, the selectivity of Cyanex 921‐based flat‐sheet supported liquid membrane towards different metal ions and the behaviour of the system against other carriers are presented. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

13.
Phenols pose a risk to the environment and to human health. Phenol and its derivatives are toxic pollutants, frequently found in surface and tap waters, and in aqueous effluents from various manufacturing processes. In this paper, an experimental study regarding transport of phenol through a supported liquid membrane (SLM) using tributyl phosphate (TBP) and sesame oil as liquid membrane (LM) was performed. Factors affecting permeation of phenol such as initial phenol concentration, carrier concentration, feed phase pH and stripping phase concentration were analyzed using Taguchi method. Optimal experimental condition of phenol transport was obtained using analysis of variance (ANOVA) after 7 h extraction (feed concentration: 200 mg/L; carrier concentration (%TBP): 40%; feed pH: 2; strip phase concentration: 1.1 M). Mass transfer coefficient for this system was evaluated, and compared with similar works, and it was shown that it has the highest mass transfer rate. In addition to transport study, stability of the membrane was investigated by examination of stripping phase concentration, carrier concentration and salt concentration effects.  相似文献   

14.
介绍了乳状液膜的发展、基本概念、分类及其制备方法,对乳状液膜的传质机理和溶胀稳定性进行了分析。对乳状液膜分离技术在废水处理中的应用进行了具体介绍,并对乳状液膜分离技术的发展进行了分析和展望。  相似文献   

15.
羟基铁铝柱撑膨润土在含铬废水处理中的应用   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
以FeCl3、AlCl3和Na2CO3配制柱化剂,以钠基膨润土为原料,制备了羟基铁铝柱撑膨润土,并研究了其作为絮凝剂对含Cr(Ⅵ)废水的处理效果.结果表明:羟基铁铝柱撑膨润土对Cr(Ⅵ)有很好的去除效果,羟基铁铝柱撑膨润土投加量、pH及搅拌时间对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附有较明显的影响,其中羟基铁铝柱撑膨润土投加量的影响最为显著...  相似文献   

16.
This work experimentally investigates Cr(VI) reduction to Cr(III) using waste scrap iron in the form of zerovalent iron (ZVI) collected from the mechanical workshop of the Institute, both in batch and continuous operation. The reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) was found to be complete (~100%) depending on the experimental conditions. Lower pH values favour Cr(VI) reduction. Two concurrent reactions take place, that is reduction of Cr(VI) by Fe0 (ZVI) and by Fe2+ generated due to H+ corrosion of iron. Maximum around 22%, 11% and 2% Cr(III) remained dissolved in solution while the experiments were carried out at initial pH of 2, 4.67 and 7. Higher ZVI loading increases Cr(VI) reduction rate, however, consumption of iron is noted to be higher. The results indicate that the bed is exhausted rapidly at higher pH, initial Cr(VI) concentration and flow rate. This is attributable to predominance passivation of ZVI surface forming Cr(III)–Fe(III)‐oxide layer. SEM analysis of ZVI before and after the experiments confirms formation of passive oxide on iron surface is responsible for deterioration of Cr(VI) reduction efficiency due to its blanketing effect.  相似文献   

17.
This article presents a experimental study on the removal of hydrogen sulphide (H2S) from high salinity wastewater by emulsion liquid membrane (ELM). The ELM contains diethanolamine (DEA) as carrier, kerosene as solvent and span 80 as surfactant. The fundamental parameters (viz. surfactant concentration, carrier concentration, strip phase concentration, phase ratio, agitation speed and time) affecting the removal of H2S were investigated to select the optimum combination of process parameters. The results showed the optimal governing parameters were: inner phase NaOH aqueous solution 2.0 wt%, Surfactant (span 80) 5.0 vol%, carrier (DEA) 6.0 vol%, treat ratio 1:5, agitation speed 250 rpm, agitation time 15 min, respectively, and removal efficiency of 97.3% was achieved. © 2011 Canadian Society for Chemical Engineering  相似文献   

18.
Tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP) was used as carrier for the transport of chromium (VI) through a hexane bulk liquid membrane. The transport efficiency of chromium (VI) by TBP was investigated under various experimental conditions such as pH of the feed phase (Cr (VI) solution), concentration of the receiving phase (NaOH solution), concentration of TBP in membrane, rate of stirring, effect of transport time, type of solvent, Cr (VI) concentration in feed phase, and effect of temperature. The transport efficiency increased with increasing carrier concentration from 7.5 × 10− 2 to 2.25 × 10− 1 mol/L. At high pH (donor phase) the transport rate of chromate ions decreased. At high stirring speed (300 rpm) the Cr (VI) transport from the feed phase to the strip phase was completed within 5 h at 27 °C. Under optimum conditions: donor phase 4.8 × 10− 4 mol/L K2Cr2O7 solution at pH 1.0 ± 0.1, acceptor phase 1.0 mol/L NaOH solution, membrane phase 2.25 × 10− 1 mol/L, stirring speed 300 rpm, and temperature 27 °C, the flux rate was found to be 2.90 × 10− 7 mol/m2 s.  相似文献   

19.
全膜法处理电镀重金属废水   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用全膜法对深圳某电镀厂的污水处理系统进行改造,给出了调节池、反应水箱、循环水箱及膜装置的设计要点,介绍了其运行情况.该处理工艺联合了Duraflow膜装置和反渗透系统,可使重金属废水的中水回用率达到60%以上,回用浓水经处理后能达到GB 21900-2008<电镀污染物排放标准>的要求.  相似文献   

20.
液膜法分离回收废水中锰(Ⅶ)工艺及其分离机理研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
采用N7301为流动载体,Span-80为表面活性剂,煤油为膜溶剂,以H2SO4为内相试剂的乳状液膜体系分离回收废水中的MnO~-_4。研究了迁移机理,确定了制乳、分离等最佳操作条件。结果表明,对于7-125mg/L低浓度的含锰废水,一次性分离可降至0.1mg/L以下,锰的回收率达99.8%。  相似文献   

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