EFI及其安全性研究

为了解决传统PCBIOS的局限性及其面临的问题,Intel公司提出了可扩展固件接口(EFI)的规范标准。作为下一代BIOS,EFI为启动操作系统前的程序提供了一个标准环境。文中详细介绍了EFI,指出EFI存在的一些安全问题,并分析相关的安全机制,指出了实现EFI安全必须考虑的因素。     

Design, qualification and production of integrated sensor interface circuits for high-quality automotive applications

The product development of integrated sensor interface circuits for automotive applications requires various additional features accounting for the harsh environment in automotive applications. Unlike in a pure prototype development yield is key to achieve the required automotive quality targets of zero ppm. The paper first describes the general automotive requirements like electro-static discharge (ESD) and reverse polarity protection. Then the design flow from specification until start of production for an industrial product development is outlined. Finally, the requirements for automotive circuits qualification based upon the international standard AEC Q-100 are described. Furthermore, the automotive test requirement and additional measures such as the dynamic part average testing and statistical bin analysis are discussed to achieve at zero ppm quality. The paper includes a real product example of ZMD.     

基于EFI和双核处理器的加密文件系统研究

通过对EFI技术研究,结合目前使用的双核处理器设计了一种安全性更高的加密文件系统。该系统将加解密操作转移到同操作系统隔离的EFI系统中,由设计的EFI Agent完成,满足系统安全性需要。     

可扩展固件接口的网络设备驱动

提出了基于EFI的网络设备驱动设计方法.通过研究EFI固有的驱动模型,分析通用网络驱动接口和简单网络协议,为网络设备驱动的实现提供了基本的接口和服务.分析了EFI网络设备的结构和组成,根据其特点,提出了3层结构模型的EFI网络设备驱动设计方案,阐述了如何以EFI驱动形式实现EFI网络设备驱动.通过设计并实现网络设备的基本功能,提出了EFI网络设备驱动的基本流程.     

基于C8051f040的CAN与SMBus协议适配器

设计了一种基于高性能C8051f040单片机的CAN与SMBus协议适配器系统.介绍了C8051f040单片机内部CAN控制器与SMBus协议的特点及适配器的工作原理,并给出了软硬件的设计思想和具体实现方法.实际测试表明:上位机通过该适配器系统与焊机进行数据通信,对数据进行处理,很好地实现了对汽车生产线焊机智能控制的目的.该系统具有抗干扰性好,工作效率高,使用方便等优点.     

汽车电磁仿真技术与应用

随着汽车智能化和网联化的发展,对汽车电磁兼容（electromagnetic compatibility,EMC）设计提出了更高的要求.在这一背景下,需要加快提升汽车EMC仿真预测的设计方法和手段,将电磁仿真预测融入整车开发过程中,减少后期整改的时间和成本,以适应新趋势所提出的EMC需求.本文主要介绍了汽车电磁仿真国内外的发展现状,对基于FEKO软件的汽车电磁仿真方法、仿真过程中发现的问题进行了阐述.     

Integral 3-D thermal, electrical and mechanical design of an automotive DC/DC converter

Power electronics is finding increasingly more applications in high temperature environments where power density is also a driving factor. The engine compartment of a passenger vehicle is one such example. In this paper, an integral thermal, electrical, and mechanical design of a high power density dc/dc converter operating in the thermally harsh automotive environment is discussed. The interactions and interdependencies between the three design disciplines are considered. It is illustrated how these interactions can be manipulated and used to an advantage in meeting the harsh temperature and high power density requirements of the automotive converter. Packaging and circuit techniques are identified that can be used to this end. Two case studies of a 2-kW 14-V/42-V dc/dc converter for application in the automotive environment are considered. The first prototype achieved a power density of 170 W/in/sup 3/ while the second prototype, operating with a higher environmental temperature achieved a power density of 120 W/in/sup 3/. The experimental structures and practical results are presented. Technology issues concerning the three-dimensional construction of the prototypes that need research attention are also identified.     

Electrical environmental characteristics for automotive electric systems

The electrical environment is one of the most important factors in the design of high reliability electronic systems mounted on automobiles. Studies were made of the generation mechanisms and characteristics of both transients and high-frequency conducted noise generated in automotive electrical components. The high-frequency conducted noise data were obtained in terms of amplitude-frequency through real-time statistical treatment of the acquired data. The most important transient for automotive electronic systems has been found to be the alternator load dump transient caused by battery disconnection, and the most influential high-frequency conducted noise is caused by contact breaking. The high-frequency conducted noise characteristics can be expressed in the amplitude-frequency relation in the frequency range of 100 kHz-80 MHz.     

Multiattribute utility analysis in design management

A methodology is presented by which engineering design managers can consider technical aspects of a design concurrently with economic aspects of the manufacturing system in selecting among alternatives and directing the design effort. The concept of design flexibility as an attribute which captures both technical and economic considerations in one quantifiable performance measure is developed and incorporated into deterministic multiattribute utility analysis. The alternative of greatest overall utility to the decision-maker is identified, and sensitivity analysis is performed to identify and quantify desirable trade-offs between attributes. The problem of materials selection and design in the automotive industry is presented as a case study. The methodology was applied to five automotive companies in the United States and Europe, and results from two companies are used to illustrate the insights gained     

一种通用的汽车车身电子单元测试工装的研究设计

描述了一种汽车车身电子单元通用测试工装的设计方法,将测试工装分为上位机和下位机两部分,上位机与应用相关,它是测试项的组合体,在PC上以软件包组合的形式实现,下位机与应用无关,它是信号通道的组合体,它以实时嵌入式系统的形式设计实现了车身电子单元相关的多种信号性质的通道,它作为信号的通道和接口,实现与被测单元的硬件连接、测试接口的配置和监测.通过不同的上位机测试软件和下位机与被测单元不同的连接方式,不仅可以通过特定测试软件的裁剪实现对被测汽车电子单元开发过程中的测试和生产过程中的测试,还可以通过选择不同的测试软件实现对不同汽车电子单元的测试.     

基于FPGA的汽车电子设计

随着汽车电子产业的快速发展,传统MCU、ASIC已很难满足汽车电子设计灵活性、稳定性、低成本、快速开发等要求.提出一种基于FPGA的汽车电子设计方案.介绍FPGA的特点及其在汽车电子设计中的应用,并介绍一款基于Nios II软核处理器.用SoPC技术设计的具有密码锁及GSM/GPS防盗系统的汽车电子系统,FPGA将成为未来汽车电子设计的理想选择.     

基于FPGA的汽车电子设计

随着汽车电子产业的快速发展．传统MCU、ASIC已很难满足汽车电子设计灵活性、稳定性、低成本、快速开发等要求,提出一种基于FPGA的汽车电子设计方案。介绍FPGA的特点及其在汽车电子设计中的应用,并介绍一款基于NiosⅡ软核处理器。用SoPC技术设计的具有密码锁及GSM／GPS防盗系统的汽车电子系统,FPGA将成为未来汽车电子设计的理想选择,     

Automotive electronics power up

People are spending increasing amounts of time in their cars. As a result, automakers are equipping vehicles with more and more power-draining creature comforts as selling points. Cup holders have given way to navigational systems, separate driver and passenger climate controls, and surround sound and compact disk players. But performance and handling improvements under the hood, such as dynamic stability controls, electronic suspensions, and precision-controlled fuel injection, also need power from the 14-V system featured in today's cars. To handle the situation, automotive manufacturers and suppliers are embracing a 42-V standard for system voltage as they design new products. The challenge for designers, however, is that the cost of the new electronics cannot prohibit the economic production of automobiles. This hurdle must be cleared before cars with 42-V systems will become available to consumers. The paper discusses why 42 Volts was chosen, how many batteries will be needed, control systems, start/stop operation, and the influence of silicon devices on cost     

MLC生产技术发展概述

对国内外ＭＬＣ生产技术中的无损检测技术、自动化生产与测试技术、高压产品的设计与制作工艺、新型超薄陶瓷生膜技术等方面的发展与现状进行了概述。     

基于总线技术的车身电子控制系统设计

随着汽车电子技术的不断发展,各种汽车类电子装置越来越多,其装置之间的线路连接也越来越复杂,这对汽车的布线系统提出了更高的要求,汽车控制局域网CAN总线应运而生.本文简要介绍了CAN总线的特性,设计了基于总线技术的车身电子控制系统,从而简化了线束,降低了生产成本,也方便了维修.     

一种基于信任根加强EFI BIOS自身安全的方案

Intel为了解决传统BIOS的局限性而推出EFI BIOS架构,EFI BIOS在功能上得到扩展的同时,对其自身安全提出了更高的要求。论文提出了一种基于信任根加强EFI BIOS自身安全的方案。     

Application of MEMS technology in automotive sensors and actuators

Sensors and actuators are the critical system components that collect and act on information in the analog environment and link it to the world of digital electronics. The functional groups of sensors, software, controller hardware, and actuators from the backbone of present and future automotive systems. Unit volumes for sensors and actuators in the automotive industry are measured in millions per year and at a unit cost of a few dollars. The design of sensors and actuators has increasingly made use of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology. This technology is well suited to producing a class of micromachined sensors and actuators that combines signal processing and communications on a single silicon chip or contained within the same package. This paper contains a discussion of the issues in producing MEMS sensors and actuators from the concept selection stage to the manufacturing platform. Examples of commercial and emerging automotive sensors and actuators are given, which illustrate the various aspects of device development. Future trends in MEMS technology as applied to automotive components are also discussed     

基于CAN总线的嵌入式汽车电子测试系统

为满足汽车厂商对于汽车电子产品的测试需求,提出了基于CAN总线和嵌入式技术的汽车电子检测系统的实现方法。以USB车载音频娱乐系统的测试仪器为例对该方法进行了具体解释,首先给出了硬件设计的基本结构,重点描述了CAN总线控制器和驱动器的电路设计;其次说明了软件设计的分层结构,采用Wince作为仪器的操作系统,具体分析了CAN总线驱动程序在Wince中的实现;最后描述了上层应用程序的具体流程。USB部件测试仪器已成功应用于现场生产中,并取得了良好效果,实践表明,该测试方法是一种有效的解决方案,可以满足汽车厂商的测试需求。     

一种基于USBKey的可信测量根安全增强设计方案

BIOS作为可信计算平台的测量根是可信链的源头,其安全性尤为重要。论文提出了一种基于USBKey的、功能可扩展的安全控制模块增强BIOS安全的设计方案,实现了底层的开机身份认证和安全控制功能,经分析证明此方案可有效地减少可信测量根的不安全因素。