PD中重频下主瓣杂波特性及抑制滤波器设计

针对中重频PD雷达应用背景,设计了一种主瓣杂波抑制滤波器。对主瓣杂波在实际情况下的参数特点进行了详细分析,得出杂波强度、带宽和功率与俯仰角的对应关系,据此提出了采用查表法设计主瓣杂波抑制滤波器方法;该方法克服了对消器和AMTI滤波器的不足,能有效改善杂波抑制性能,其算法存储容量和实时性满足设计要求,具有良好的工程应用价值。     

海岸基测量雷达抗杂波设计

用于完成海面低空快速多目标跟踪测量的海岸基相控阵雷达由于主瓣掠地或掠海,导致接收的主瓣杂波过强,主瓣杂波折叠到目标跟踪单元,导致在某些角度对消后的杂波比回波信号还强,以致无法保证连续跟踪测量目标。提出通过优化雷达信号波形、改善信号处理方式、利用中频目标模拟器和视频记录回放系统研究杂波特点等方法措施,最大限度地降低海杂波对雷达跟踪的影响,实践证明能有效提高雷达跟踪海上多目标的能力。     

基于阻塞滤波器的抗主瓣干扰方法

当干扰从雷达的主瓣方向进入时,传统的自适应旁瓣相消算法会导致波束变形、主瓣指向偏移等问题。为了克服传统抗干扰方法遇到的问题,提出了基于相位编码的抗干扰方法,根据发射信号的特性设计出匹配滤波和阻塞滤波器,将接收到的回波信号分别通过两滤波器得到两路信号,然后利用旁瓣对消算法将辅路的干扰滤除。这种方法会导致目标所在多普勒单元的距离旁瓣升高,为了进一步降低目标信号所在多普勒单元的距离旁瓣,提出了将目标所在距离 多普勒频率单元去除后,再进行旁瓣对消的方法。通过仿真表明,本文提出的算法能有效抑制从主瓣进入的干扰,且目标所在的多普勒单元的距离旁瓣有所降低。     

线性调频连续波雷达对低小慢目标检测及性能分析

线性调频连续波（LFMCW）雷达是探测近程低小慢目标的常用传感器。本文针对LFMCW雷达，基于距离维和速度维的二维傅立叶变换(2D-FFT)技术，研究了密集地物杂波条件下其对低小慢目标的检测性能。首先对LFMCW雷达的差频信号进行了时域和频域分析，研究了影响目标测速性能的关键因素；其次研究了临近地物杂波对目标测速、测距的影响机理；最后进行了典型场景多次蒙特卡罗(Monte-Carlo)仿真，研究了雷达相关参数（调频率、带宽、是否MTI等）、目标相关参数（速度、RCS等）和杂波相关参数（强度、谱宽等）对于检测性能的影响机理。研究表明，对于强杂波背景下的低小慢目标检测，速度维的检测至关重要，雷达宜采用大带宽、长时间积累技术，才能有效区分杂波和目标，保证目标顺利检测。      

低慢小目标监视技术现状及发展

本文首先阐述了低慢小目标特性,包括其外形特性、速度特性、红外特性,分析现有低慢小监视技术能力,问题具体表现为目标雷达截面积小导致回波弱、目标速度低导致杂波和干扰混叠严重、热量辐射小导致红外特性不明显等;然后,分析了未来技术发展方向,指出多元传感器协同探测、数据融合、综合识别的可行性,并仿真证明了提升雷达探测识别能力的方法。结果证明,采用“宽带多普勒处理”方式可有效提升改善因子,而基于窄带时、频域相结合的目标分类识别方法有望解决目标分类识别问题。     

基于DPCA机载PD雷达低空动目标检测方法

针对机载脉冲多普勒雷达主波束照射内、强杂波背景下的低空运动目标，讨论了一发两收双天线模型配置下，基于二单元DPCA技术对消地杂波、检测运动目标径向速度的方法，并给出了具体的计算公式。最后对具有不同速度的动目标进行了仿真，其模拟结果和理论分析相吻合，表明了无论目标出现在主瓣还是旁瓣，该方法都能有效地抑制地杂波和检测动目标的径向速度。     

航管一次雷达抗风电场干扰目标检测方法

 近年来,全球风力发电装机容量呈指数型增长。然而,现有航管一次雷达的动目标检测(Moving Target Detector, MTD)技术无法抑制具有非零频成分的风电场杂波,可能导致目标遮蔽和虚警率上升。针对此问题,该文提出了一种在风电场杂波下航管一次雷达的目标检测方法。该方法在MTD前端设置风电场杂波抑制器。在该抑制器中首先估计雷达回波每个距离单元的谱中心,并把所有距离单元的谱中心移到零频。其次利用类似于对消固定杂波的方法对消目标回波,而具有较宽频谱宽度的风电场杂波经对消后仍有大部分的能量剩余。然后采用恒虚警率(Constant False Alarm Rate, CFAR)检测确定杂波所在的距离单元,并剔除待检测数据中所有杂波单元,解决了风电场杂波进入非零频多普勒滤波器可能导致当前航管一次雷达MTD检测性能急剧恶化的问题。实验结果表明该方法对风电场杂波强度不敏感,有效地消除了杂波对目标的遮蔽现象并控制了由杂波引起的虚警率上升。     

等效凹槽滤波器及其在无源相关定位雷达中的应用(英文)

归一化最小均方误差(NLMS)算法被广泛应用于无源相干定位(PCL)雷达系统的直达波和多径干扰对消。该文提出NLMS干扰对消器与雷达模糊函数结合可以等效为凹槽滤波器,该滤波器在雷达模糊函数平面中的零多普勒处产生一个凹槽。分析显示凹槽的宽度和深度与NLMS算法的步长密切相关。文章分析了凹槽对PCL雷达目标检测的影响,结果显示宽的凹槽会使PCL雷达系统的目标检测性能恶化。文章进一步提出了非均匀归一化最小均方误差(Non-uniform NLMS, NNLMS)算法,该算法能有效抑制具有多普勒频率的杂波,并且能有效降低雷达模糊函数的底噪。该算法引进了步长矩阵,利用该矩阵可以实现在不同的距离单元产生不同宽度的凹槽,每个距离门的凹槽宽度取决于杂波干扰的能量和多普勒频率。与传统NLMS相比,NNLMS算法可以实现更快的收敛速度,试验结果验证了该算法的有效性及优越性。      

通用型雷达动态杂波图对消系统

由于大多数非相参体制雷达没有杂波对消能力或杂波对消能力较差,一旦各类飞行目标进入地杂波区,雷达就难于观测目标。为了提高现役雷达的反地杂波性能,使其能够探测地杂波中的飞行目标,研制了通用型雷达动态杂波图对消系统。文中简述了该系统的组成、基本工作原理、技术难点和特点,以及试验、使用情况和结论。     

机载MIMO雷达空时杂波块对消器

针对机载MIMO雷达杂波空时耦合的特性,提出了一种应用于机载MIMO雷达的空时杂波块对消器。利用MIMO雷达接收杂波的多普勒相位和空域接收相位之间的关系,设计系数矩阵来对消杂波,后续级联空时自适应处理方法能进一步抑制杂波和提高动目标检测性能。仿真实验表明,该杂波块对消器能对正侧视和非正侧视机载MIMO雷达均有较好的杂波抑制能力,从而进一步提高了后续空时自适应处理算法的动目标检测性能。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.