西班牙和意大利进口特级初榨橄榄油品质比较

为了系统研究我国主要进口的特级初榨橄榄油性质,比较分析了我国主要进口的8种西班牙和意大利特级初榨橄榄油的脂肪酸组成、酸值、过氧化值及微量成分含量,并对其进行了挥发性成分分析及感官评价。结果表明：西班牙特级初榨橄榄油的C18∶1（77.22%）和C23∶0（0.94%）含量平均值高于意大利样品（分别为72.46%和0.64%）,西班牙特级初榨橄榄油的酸值、过氧化值低于意大利样品;西班牙特级初榨橄榄油中含有γ-生育酚和δ-生育三烯酚,而意大利样品中未检出这两种,且西班牙特级初榨橄榄油中α-生育酚含量平均值（189.58 mg/kg）高于意大利样品（161.26 mg/kg）,角鲨烯含量平均值（6 127.83 mg/kg）远高于意大利样品（4 083.50 mg/kg）,两者甾醇含量差异很小。虽然西班牙特级初榨橄榄油的醛类含量平均值低于意大利样品,但酯类含量更高。感官评价发现,西班牙特级初榨橄榄油的果味、苦味、辣味评分皆高于意大利样品。综上,西班牙特级初榨橄榄油的酸值、过氧化值较低,α-生育酚、角鲨烯含量高于意大利样品,且感官评分较高。     

基于维生素E组成的植物油掺棕榈油鉴别研究

目的 建立基于维生素E组成的植物油掺棕榈油鉴别方法。方法 采用正相高效液相色谱-荧光检测方法测定大豆油、菜籽油、葵花籽油、橄榄油、玉米油、棕榈油等植物油中α-、β-、γ-、δ-生育酚和α-、β-、γ-、δ-生育三烯酚8种维生素E组成,使用主成分分析（principal component analysis, PCA）构建植物油品种识别和掺假油鉴别模型。结果 不同种类植物油中的生育酚和生育三烯酚的组成差异很大,棕榈油中含高水平的生育三烯酚,这成为其区别于其他5种植物油的一个重要特点。结合PCA可以将棕榈油、葵花籽油、大豆油、橄榄油等相互区分开来。采用PCA建立了针对菜籽油、大豆油、橄榄油、葵花籽油、玉米油中掺棕榈油的鉴别模型,当棕榈油掺杂浓度大于等于25%时,模型可准确识别出掺假油。结论 采用正相液相色谱-荧光检测方法测定植物油中α-、β-、γ-、δ-生育酚和α-、β-、γ-、δ-生育三烯酚8种维生素E组成,结合化学计量学法,可实现对常见植物油掺棕榈油的鉴别。     

食用植物油中生育酚和生育三烯酚检测方法的研究进展

维生素E是食用植物油中天然存在的抗氧化剂,主要包括α-、β-、γ-、δ-生育酚和相应的生育三烯酚等8种化合物。食用植物油中生育酚和生育三烯酚的组成及含量信息不仅可反映食用植物油的品质,还可用于鉴别其真伪。因此,建立食用植物油中生育酚和生育三烯酚的检测方法具有十分重要的意义。本文对食用植物油中生育酚和生育三烯酚检测方法的研究现状进行了综述,重点介绍了溶剂稀释、皂化和固相萃取等样品前处理技术,以及液相色谱、气相色谱和非水毛细管电泳等分析方法在食用植物油中维生素E测定中的应用。     

食品抗氧化剂及其进展(四)

4.5 生育酚类天然生育酚（维生素E）有α、β、γ、δ、ε、ζ、η七种同系物,以前四种为主,主要存在于大豆等中。另有生育三烯酚,也有α、β、γ、δ四种同系物,主要存在于米糠油、椰子油等中。在90℃下对猪油的抗氧化能力依次为：δ-生育三烯酚＞δ-生育酚＞γ-生育三烯酚＞γ-生育酚＞β-生育三烯酚＞β-生育酚＞α-生育三烯酚＞α-生育酚。作为商品,绝大多数是生育酚类而很少生育三烯酚类。将各种生育酚与猪油均质后在60℃保温箱中的比较结果见图6（图中数字为加入量mg/kg）〔16〕。各种天然生育酚对猪油抗氧化效果比较各种生育酚…     

食品抗氧化剂及其进展（四） Food-Anti-oxidant Develop

4.5 生育酚类 天然生育酚（维生素E）有α、β、γ、δ、ε、ζ、η七种同系物,以前四种为主,主要存在于大豆等中。另有生育三烯酚,也有α、β、γ、δ四种同系物,主要存在于米糠油、椰子油等中。在90℃下对猪油的抗氧化能力依次为：δ-生育三烯酚＞δ-生育酚＞γ-生育三烯酚＞γ-生育酚＞β-生育三烯酚＞β-生育酚＞α-生育三烯酚＞α-生育酚。作为商品,绝大多数是生育酚类而很少生育三烯酚类。将各种生育酚与猪油均质后在60℃保温箱中的比较结果见图6（图中数字为加入量mg/kg）〔16〕。     

基于电子鼻和GC-MS的不同品牌橄榄油挥发性风味物质研究

本文旨在探讨不同品牌的橄榄油挥发性风味物质的差异,为研究鉴别不同品牌的橄榄油提供参考。方法:运用电子鼻和顶空固相微萃取-气质联用仪(HS-SPME-GC-MS)对不同品牌的橄榄油挥发性物质进行检测和分析。结果表明:电子鼻能灵敏地检测到不同品牌橄榄油气味的差异性。GC-MS在不同品牌的橄榄油中检测出76种挥发性物质,主要为烃类、醇类、醛类、酮类、酯类、酸类及其他化合物。酸类物质是除帆船牌特级初榨橄榄油外其他4种橄榄油都具有的物质,1号曼托瓦特级初榨橄榄油特有的关键挥发性化合物是癸烷、E-2-庚烯、6-乙基-2-甲基辛烷、戊醛、庚醛、辛醇和2-辛酮;2号百一牌特级初榨橄榄油特有的挥发性物质是1-癸烯和2,2,4,6,6-五甲基庚烷;3号福恩牌特级初榨橄榄油特有的化合物是1-十三烯和辛烷;4号帆船特级初榨橄榄油特有的化合物是十二烷、3,5-二甲基辛烷、D-柠檬烯和3,7-二甲基-1-辛醇;5号斯巴达(金)特级初榨橄榄油特有的化合物是(E)-2-己烯醛。不同品牌的橄榄油之间共有的关键风味化合物主要有己醛和壬醛。结论:橄榄油品牌不同,主要的挥发性成分种类及其相对含量有差异。     

初榨橄榄油挥发性风味成分的鉴定

采用顶空固相微萃取-气质联用(HS-SPME-GC/MS)分离鉴定了陇南市武都初榨橄榄油和西班牙特级初榨橄榄油中的挥发性风味成分。结果表明,在7个不同品种油橄榄的国产初榨橄榄油中共鉴定出86种化合物,主要是C6的醛和醇,以及它们相应的酯,还有一些烯烃和萜烯类化合物。其中(E)-2-己烯醛相对质量分数为7.14%~46.22%;在6个西班牙特级初榨橄榄油中共鉴定出101种化合物,其中(E)-2-己烯醛质量分数(1.76%~5.25%)低于国产初榨橄榄油,而(Z)-乙酸-3己烯酯(7.53%~13.76%)和(E)-2-十二碳烯(5.47%~34.75%)相对质量分数较高。试验结果还表明,初榨橄榄油挥发性风味成分很大程度上取决于油橄榄品种和产地。     

意大利多个橄榄油品牌造假 中国食客很受伤

正因含有对人体有益的不饱和脂肪酸,来自意大利、西班牙等国家的进口特级初榨橄榄油正受到国内消费者的追捧。然而就在近日,意大利多个品牌橄榄油被查出"掺假"、以次充好问题,不少中国食客表示"很受伤"。据意大利都灵检查人员称,包括卡拉佩利(Carapelli)在内的7个橄榄油知名品牌涉嫌商业欺诈,以普通橄榄油冒充特级初榨橄榄油,正在接受意大利当局调查。记者查询发现,国内电商平台仍有多款涉事品牌"特级初榨橄榄油"在售,且标注和规格     

常见食用植物油中维生素E异构体含量调查研究

通过查阅国内外官方食物成分数据库,同时综合近年来国内对成品食用植物油中不同生育酚和生育三烯酚含量进行分析的文献,建立常见食用植物油维生素E异构体成分表。结果表明:国内外现有数据库中食用植物油种类及其生育酚和生育三烯酚数据均不全,且不同地区含量存在明显差异。通过对国内最新研究汇总,共收集22种合计659个常见食用植物油的α-、β-、γ-、δ-生育酚数据,同时收集17种合计183个食用植物油的α-、(β+γ)-、δ-生育三烯酚数据。生育酚广泛存在于植物油中,以α-生育酚和γ-生育酚为主,但不同植物油中含量情况存在明显差异;生育三烯酚主要存在于棕榈油、米糠油和葡萄籽油中,在其他植物油中分布很少。不同类型食用植物油的选择会明显影响人体活性VE总量和不同异构体的摄入情况,目前国内外食用植物油VE异构体数据库有地区差异且均不能覆盖目前常见的食用植物油种类,更新常见成品食用植物油VE数据库很有必要。     

生育三烯酚分离纯化研究进展

生育三烯酚是一种高品质的天然维生素E,具有广阔的开发前景和市场需求。介绍了生育酚及生育三烯酚的来源,重点论述了生育酚及生育三烯酚分离纯化的常用方法、相关技术路线及其对应的优缺点和适用范围。结果表明:离子交换法选择性高,特异性强,适合提取高含量的生育酚及生育三烯酚;柱色谱法仪器设备简单,理论上是分离生育酚和生育三烯酚的有效方法,但普遍存在洗脱时间过长、溶剂消耗量大等问题;超临界流体色谱在制备生育三烯酚及其单体方面具有良好的应用前景。最后介绍了当前国内外生育三烯酚的产业化情况,以期为今后国内生育三烯酚深入研究提供一定的参考。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press