PET/PTT复合纤维卷缩性能的研究

通过对不同线密度的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯/聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯(PET/PTT)复合纤维的热收缩率、卷曲收缩率、卷曲模量及卷曲稳定度的测试,研究了干热和沸水处理条件下的PET/PTT复合纤维的卷缩性能。结果表明:干热处理时,PET/PTT复合纤维的热收缩率随温度的升高而升高,随线密度的提高而减小;与干热处理比较,沸水加压处理后的纤维具有较好的热收缩率和卷曲性能。PET/PTT复合纤维线密度越低,其卷曲收缩能力越强,线密度为172 dtex时,纤维表现出较好的卷曲收缩率和卷曲稳定性。     

纺丝温度对PET/PTT纤维结构与性能的影响

采用质量比为50/50的PET/PTT进行复合纺丝,纺丝速度2 300 m/min,经拉伸1.56倍,生产166dtex/72 f PET/PTT复合纤维,探讨了纺丝温度对PET/PTT复合纤维结构与性能的影响。结果表明:纺丝温度低时,PET/PTT纤维特性黏数高,纤维截面趋向于花生形;纺丝温度高时,纤维特性黏数低,纤维截面呈圆形;选择纺丝温度约275℃时,PET/PTT复合纤维具有良好的力学性能和卷曲性能,卷曲收缩率达39.6%。     

拉伸工艺对PET/PTT复合纤维性能的影响

以310 dtex/48 f聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)/聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯(PTT)复合预向丝为原料,经拉伸后得到PET/PTT复合纤维,探讨了拉伸工艺对PET/PTT复合纤维力学性能和卷曲性能的影响。结果表明:在卷绕速度为500 m/min,拉伸温度160℃,热定型温度150℃的条件下,随着拉伸倍数的增加,PET/PTT复合纤维的断裂强度、沸水收缩率、卷曲收缩率明显提高,断裂伸长率呈下降趋势,卷曲稳定度变化不明显;拉伸温度和热定型温度对PET/PTT复合纤维力学性能和卷曲性能的影响相对较小;拉伸过程中,控制拉伸倍数为1.95～2.00,拉伸温度为140～160℃,热定型温度为130～170℃,PET/PTT复合纤维性能较好。     

Molecular structures and physical properties of heat‐drawn conjugate fibers

As‐spun poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT)/poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) side‐by‐side conjugate fibers were drawn to investigate the effects of drawing conditions on structure development and physical properties. Effects of draw ratio and heat‐set temperature were observed. In the state of an as‐spun fiber, the molecular orientation of PTT was higher than PET, whereas PET molecular orientation increased remarkably over PTT with increasing draw ratio. Crimp contraction increased sharply at a draw ratio over 2.0, where the crystalline structure of the PET developed sufficiently. A heat‐set temperature of at least 140°C was required to develop sufficient crimp contraction. The crystallinity and orientation of the PET were attributed mainly to the crimp contraction of the drawn fiber. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers     

PTT/PET并列复合短纤维的卷曲和拉伸性能研究

对毛型聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯(PTT)/聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)并列复合短纤维进行卷曲和拉伸性能测试,对比分析了PTT/PET复合短纤、PTT/PET复合长丝和羊毛纤维的卷曲形态及卷曲性能,并通过实验探明处理PTT/PET短纤维的最佳时间和温度。实验结果表明,PTT/PET短纤的卷曲性能随温度的升高而变优,90℃时达到最佳,处理时间达到15min时,可使复合纤维卷曲性能达最佳状态。经过湿热处理后,PTT/PET并列复合短纤单位长度内的卷曲数明显增大,卷曲半径减小,三维卷曲形态更加明显。经过热处理的纤维,断裂强度和弹性模量下降,断裂伸长率增加。     

干湿热处理对PET/PTT纤维结构与性能的影响

通过对167dtex和111dtex聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)/聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯(PTT)双组分复合纤维的卷曲率、拉伸性能、声速取向及外观形态的测试,研究了干湿热处理对纤维结构与性能的影响。结果表明:经干、湿热处理后,纤维的断裂强度、声速值较处理前有显著下降,而卷曲率和断裂伸长率则明显著上升;湿热处理较干热处理对PET/PTT复合纤维断裂强度的影响较小。     

PET/PTT自卷曲纤维不对称结构分析

利用偏振光研究PET/PTT自卷曲纤维双侧不对称结构在光学各向异性上所表现出的特性。同时将PET和PTT单组分纤维与PET/PTT复合纤维的偏光干涉条纹及双折射率作分析比较,解释PET/PTT纤维双侧不对称光学性质与纤维卷曲的关系。     

PET／PTT双组分纤维的卷曲形貌和卷曲弹性参数分析

分析了不同张力和温度条件下,PET／PTT单丝和复丝的卷曲形貌和卷曲弹性参数。结果表明：随着热处理张力的增加,单丝的卷曲数和卷曲半径减小,单丝和复丝的卷曲伸长率减小,卷曲弹性回复率增加,卷曲模量增加;随着热处理温度的增加,单丝的卷曲数增加,卷曲半径减小,单丝和复丝的卷曲伸长率减小,卷曲弹性回复率增加,卷曲模量增加;在温度100-120℃且张力较小的条件下进行热处理时,PET／PTT纤维的单丝和复丝的卷曲弹性较好。     

PTT/PET自卷曲长丝的拉伸和弹性回复性能

对相同细度的3种聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯（PTT）／聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）自巷曲长丝进行拉伸性能和定伸长回复性能测试。测试结果表明：PTT/PET自卷曲长丝拉伸曲线具有典型的两个阶段和两个屈服点的特征,预加张力的大小对于伸长率的测试结果影响很大;卷曲伸长对该类长丝较高的伸长率有较大贡献,经过湿热处理后的长丝卷曲伸长和断裂伸长明显增加,但是不同的PTT／PET自卷曲长丝的伸长能力有一定差异;PTT/PET自卷曲长丝的弹性回复性能低于纯PTT长丝,而高于PET长丝,弹性回复性主要来源于具有优异弹性回复性的PTT大分子链结构;热处理的PTT/PET长丝在高定伸长率下有着较好的弹性回复性,在定长为30％时的弹性回复率接近100％。     

Effects of spinning and drawing conditions on the crimp contraction of side‐by‐side poly(trimethylene terephthalate) bicomponent fibers

The crimp properties in the melt‐spinning and drawing processes of side‐by‐side bicomponent fibers with poly(trimethylene terephthalate)s (PTTs) of different viscosities were studied. Two PTTs of different intrinsic viscosities (1.02 and 0.92) were selected to make latent crimp yarn. The spinning and drawing conditions were changed to investigate the relation between the process conditions and crimp contraction. An orthogonal array was used to rule out the weak variables. The draw ratio, heat‐set temperature, and portion of high‐viscosity PTT were selected as variables having an effect on the crimp contraction. An analysis of the effects of the spinning and drawing conditions on the crimp contraction showed that the draw ratio was the most critical variable. Increasing the draw ratio caused a difference in the shrinkage between the two parts of PTT and caused the self‐crimping of the bicomponent fibers. Although changing the heat‐set temperature and the portion of high‐viscosity PTT did not produce a dimensional change, the crimp contraction varied with those variables. As the heat‐set temperature and the high‐viscosity portion increased, the crimp contraction increased. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 1322–1327, 2006     

PET/PTT并列复合纤维制备工艺对其结构与性能的影响

以PET和PTT为原料通过熔融纺丝制备了具有自卷曲性能的并列复合纤维,研究了复合纤维制备工艺,探索并明确了两组分配比、牵伸倍率、热定形温度等参数对纤维断面形貌、力学性能、卷曲回弹性能的影响。试验结果表明:随着复合纤维中PTT组分从40%逐渐增加至60%,纤维断面保持8字形,且两相界面的熔接痕始终保持PTT相凸向PET相的形貌,同时纤维的弹性模量逐渐降低;牵伸倍率的增大能够显著提升纤维的强度、模量以及卷曲收缩率,但纤维的断裂伸长率及卷曲稳定度变差;在144~168℃范围内,热定形温度为156℃时,纤维的弹性模量、强度及卷曲收缩率较高,这主要是结晶度提高导致的。     

热处理对COPET/PTT复合纤维卷曲性能的影响

以改性聚酯(COPET)及聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯(PTT)为原料经复合纺丝制备了COPET/PTT复合纤维,研究了热处理方式、温度和时间对COPET/PTT纤维卷曲性能的影响。结果表明:沸水处理优于干热处理;COPET/PTT复合比50/50的纤维具有较好的潜在卷曲性;湿热温度超过80℃,沸水处理时间10～20min,纤维卷曲性趋于稳定;干热温度在140～160℃时,纤维具有良好的卷曲性能;张力热处理有利于提高纤维的卷曲弹性回复能力。     

PTT/PA6拉伸丝的形态与性能的研究

考察了聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯/聚酰胺6(PTT/PA6)拉伸丝的形态,测试了其线密度、断裂强度、回潮率、热收缩率及卷曲性能,并与聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯/聚酰胺6(PET/PA6)拉伸丝进行了对比.结果表明:PTT/PA6拉伸丝横截面为橘瓣型,裂离后为三角形.PTT/PA6拉伸丝的断裂强度、断裂功和卷曲收缩率随纺丝速度的增加...     

大直径PTT/PET皮芯型复合纤维的性能研究

采用一定比例的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)和聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯(PTT)进行复合纺丝纺制以PTT为皮,PET为芯的大直径PTT/PET皮芯型复合纤维,研究了熔体温度、冷却水温度、复合比对PTT/PET复合纤维力学性能和弹性回复性能的影响。结果表明:较佳的PTT和PET的熔体温度分别为265℃和285℃,冷却水温度为50～60℃,PTT/PET质量比为50/50;随着PTT含量增加,PTT/PET复合纤维的断裂强度降低,断裂伸长率增加,弹性回复率增大。     

Structural investigation of Poly(ethylene terephthalate)/Poly(trimethylene terephthalate) transesterificated blends

Wide-Angle X-ray Diffraction (WAXD) and Small-Angle X-ray Scattering analyses were carried out to evaluate the evolution of the crystalline and supermolecular structure of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) blended with poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT). The conditions adopted in preparing the PET/PTT 50/50 blend induce transesterification between the polyesters; these reactions produce a new molecular characteristics based on PET/PTT copolymer that exhibits its own WAXD profile. The PET/PTT 50/50 copolymers prepared by melt mixing of the homopolymers for increasing times evidence spherulitic morphology and an evolution of the crystalline structure in terms of crystallinity and crystal dimensions. The periodicity of the transesterificated samples is intermediate between the long periods observed for pure PET and pure PTT. For the PET/PTT 50/50 copolymers the value of periodicity and lamellar thickness increase with the increasing of the processing time.     

Melt spinning and drawing process of PET side‐by‐side bicomponent fibers

The change of crimp contraction and shrinkage in the melt spinning and drawing process of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) side‐by‐side bicomponent fibers was studied. Regular PET and modified PET were selected to make a latent crimp yarn. The modified PET was synthesized to increase thermal shrinkage. The crimp contraction is mainly dependent on drawing conditions such as draw ratio, heat‐set temperature, and drawing temperature. Difference in shrinkage between the PET and the modified PET causes the self‐crimping of bicomponent fibers. Although changing the heat‐set temperature and the drawing temperature can not affect dimensional change, the crimp contraction varies with those variables. As the heat‐set temperature and the drawing temperature decrease, the crimp contraction increases. Difference in elongation also affects the crimp contraction in the effect of draw ratio. When the modified PET with neopentyl group was used for highly shrinkable part, the crimp contraction is greater in comparison with modified PET with dimethyl isophthalate. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 1362–1367, 2006     

Dynamic mechanical analysis of poly(trimethylene terephthalate)—A comparison with poly(ethylene terephthalate) and poly(ethylene naphthalate)

The fiber properties of PTT have been the subject of several reports, although very few reports describe the properties of molded specimens. In this work, the dynamic mechanical relaxation behavior of compression‐molded PTT films has been investigated. The added flexibility of the PTT was found to lower the temperature of the β‐ and α‐transitions relative to the PET and PEN. The results suggest that the β‐transition is at least two relaxations for PET and PTT due to the increase in the breadth of the relaxation. The results seem to support the hypothesized mechanism of others, in that the β‐transition involves the relaxation of the carbonyl entity and the aromatic C1–C4 ring flips for PTT and PET, and the relaxation of the carbonyl for PEN. The β*‐ and α‐transitions for all three polymers seem to be cooperative in nature. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 2791–2796, 2004     

PTT/PET并列型复合纺丝工艺研究

通过对并列型复合长丝纺丝原料的选择及特种纺丝组件的设计,探讨了PTT/PET并列型复合长丝的纺丝工艺。结果表明,选用特性黏度0.5~0.6 dL/g的PET与特性黏度1.2~1.3 dL/g的PTT以40/60~50/50（PET/PTT）的复合比,PET纺丝温度280~290℃,PTT纺丝温度255~270℃,复合纺丝速度2 500~3 000 m/min,可纺出性能良好的PTT/PET并列型复合长丝。     

Miscibility and melting behavior of poly(ethylene terephthalate)/poly(trimethylene terephthalate) blends

The miscibility and melting behavior of binary crystalline blends of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) have been investigated with differential scanning calorimetry and scanning electron microscope. The blends exhibit a single composition‐dependent glass transition temperature (T_g) and the measured T_g fit well with the predicted T_g value by the Fox equation and Gordon‐Taylor equation. In addition to that, a single composition‐dependent cold crystallization temperature (T_cc) value can be observed and it decreases nearly linearly with the low T_g component, PTT, which can also be taken as a valid supportive evidence for miscibility. The SEM graphs showed complete homogeneity in the fractured surfaces of the quenched PET/PTT blends, which provided morphology evidence of a total miscibility of PET/PTT blend in amorphous state at all compositions. The polymer–polymer interaction parameter, χ₁₂, calculated from equilibrium melting temperature depression of the PET component was ?0.1634, revealing miscibility of PET/PTT blends in the melting state. The melting crystallization temperature (T_mc) of the blends decreased with an increase of the minor component and the 50/50 sample showed the lowest T_mc value, which is also related to its miscible nature in the melting state. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

Study on the macrokinetics of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) polycondensation reaction

The macrokinetics of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) polycondensation reaction during the high‐vacuum process was studied. The results showed that PTT polycondensation reaction may be considered as a second‐order reaction and thermal degradation is negligible in mathematical handling. The intrinsic viscosity versus time undergoes two different processes according to temperature. The apparent reaction rate constants and apparent activation energy of PTT polycondensation reaction are smaller than those of PET. Under efficient stirring, PTT polycondensation reaction is still reaction‐controlled and the role of devolatilization could be neglected even during the high‐vacuum process. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 1765–1770, 2004