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Yan Liu Ted Belytschko 《International journal for numerical methods in engineering》2010,82(6):699-715
A new support integration technique is proposed, which is similar to those used in truly mesh‐free methods. The contribution of this paper is to exploit the divergence‐free condition for the support integrals to construct quadrature formulas that only require three integration points per particle in two dimensions. Numerical examples show that the proposed integration method can achieve results that agree with manufactured closed‐form solutions. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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DCT(deep cryogenic treatment)is commonly used in industry to improve the wear resistance characteristics of steels,especially.However,there are just a few researches about the effects on non-ferrous metals.The purpose of this work was to investigate how DCT affects the properties of Cu-14Al-4Ni alloy treated at different soak time and submitted to thermomechanical cycling.A comparative experimental analysis was performed of the thermal properties of alloys obtained on a vacuum furnace,treated by DCT and thermomechanically cyclized.The results indicates that thermomechanical cycling promoted the appearance and growth of the martensitic phaseγ'1,less ductile than the martensitic phaseβ'1,which together with the induced hardening produced an increase in transformation temperatures and microhardness.The higher the number of cycles,the greater these effects.The DCT promoted an increase in the intensity of the diffraction peaks corresponding to the phaseβ'1 and the maintenance of them during the thermomechanical cycling of the material,which indicates that the DCT stabilizes the martensitic phaseβ'1 and,consequently,caused a reduction and stabilization of the martensitic transformation temperatures and the microhardness,when compared to the untreated material.The longer the soaking time of DCT,the greater these effects. 相似文献
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建立了可作为软体机器人中的形状记忆合金(SMA)弹簧驱动器的变形模型,获得了模型的待定参数A1、A2、A3、B1、B2、B3,并对该模型进行了实验验证。首先基于Clausius-Clapeyron方程和泰勒展开式,使用待定参数法建立了SMA弹簧的变形模型,描述了SMA弹簧的变形量、负载和温度之间的非线性关系;然后根据热平衡方程建立了电加热情况下的SMA弹簧温度变化模型,并获得了加热时间与弹簧温度的关系曲线;继而进行了零负载状态下的变形实验,根据实验结果计算出变形模型中的待定参数;最后通过定长通电驱动和定载荷通电驱动实验,验证了模型的正确性。所建模型能够为软体机器人中的SMA弹簧驱动器的控制方案建立提供参考。 相似文献
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由形状记忆合金纤维、普通纤维、基体构成的混杂复合材料是一类用途广泛的智能材料结构系统。阻尼性能研究是结构被动振动控制的一项重要研究内容。本文采用混杂复合材料阻尼预测的细观力学理论计算SMA纤维混杂复合材料单层的阻尼特性。首先计算包含普通纤维和基体材料的复合材料介质的阻尼性能,其次计算由横观各向同性介质和SMA纤维构成的混杂材料的阻尼性能。通过计算实例分析SMA纤维混杂复合材料单层的正轴阻尼特性及其偏轴阻尼的特性随SMA纤维体积含量、纤维铺设角等参数改变的规律。 相似文献
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SMA-橡胶支座是一种可利用记忆合金超弹性滞回进行耗能的隔震装置。在概念设计的基础上,进行了SMA-橡胶支座的拟静力试验,证实了这一支座具有良好的隔震耗能特性。为了使SMA-橡胶支座的性能特点便于结构工程师所掌握,将线性最小二乘数据拟合技术和结构分析软件中常见的微分型恢复力模型用于模拟其水平力,数值计算所得到的恢复力-位移滞回曲线及支座性能参数值与试验结果吻合良好。可见,引入上述实用模拟方法有助于利用现有结构分析软件建立SMA-橡胶支座隔震单元,从而促进了这种隔震支座在实际工程中的应用。 相似文献
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Gye‐Hee Lee Heung‐Jin Chung Chang‐Koon Choi 《International journal for numerical methods in engineering》2003,56(3):331-350
In this paper, an adaptive analysis of crack propagation based on the error estimation by the element‐free Galerkin (EFG) method is presented. The adaptivity analysis in quasi‐static crack propagation is achieved by adding and/or removing the nodes along the background integration cells, those are refined or recovered according to the estimated errors. These errors are obtained basically by calculating the difference between the values of the projected stresses and original EFG stresses. To evaluate the performance of the proposed adaptive procedure, the crack propagation behaviour is investigated for several examples. The results of these examples show the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed scheme in crack propagation analysis. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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采用有限元方法(FEM)研究了振动边界条件对形状记忆合金(SMA)-玻璃纤维/环氧树脂复合材料的抗低速冲击性能的影响。在数值模拟过程中,将改进的三维Hashin失效准则和Brinson模型分别应用于玻璃纤维/环氧树脂复合材料层合板和SMA,以表征其本构关系。首先通过与固定边界条件下的SMA-玻璃纤维/环氧树脂复合材料板低速冲击实验进行比较,验证了数值模拟过程中所用模型及材料参数的准确性。其次,在模拟过程中,应用了包含不同振幅的一系列振动边界条件,对其进行模拟,揭示了振动边界条件对其抗低速冲击性能的影响。数值模拟结果表明,在大振幅条件下,无SMA复合材料的抗冲击性能比小振幅条件下弱;在相同振动边界条件下,SMA-玻璃纤维/环氧树脂复合材料与无SMA复合材料相比,其抗低速冲击性能提高。 相似文献
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基于SMA的仿昆虫蠕动微型车 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
介绍了一种形状记忆合金驱动的微型轮式蠕动机器人。它采用轮式移动结构,重点分析了刚/弹耦合式SMA驱动器和轮式移动机构的设计。微型机器人采用刚/弹耦合式SMA驱动器仿生蠕动输出力和位移,刚/弹耦合机构显著增大了微型机器人的前进步距,车轮逆向锁定机构控制了运动方向,确保了车轮滚动前进,实现了较高速度的运动。 相似文献
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S. Stupkiewicz H. Petryk 《International journal for numerical methods in engineering》2013,93(7):747-769
A model of pseudoelasticity in shape memory alloys is developed within the incremental energy minimization framework. Three constitutive functions are involved: the Helmholtz free energy and rate‐independent dissipation that enter incrementally the minimized energy function, and the constraint function that defines the limit transformation strains. The proposed implementation is based on a unified augmented Lagrangian treatment of both the constitutive constraints and nonsmooth dissipation function. A methodology for easy reformulation of the model from the small‐strain to finite‐deformation regime is presented. Finite element computations demonstrate robustness of the finite‐strain version of the model and illustrate the effects of tension–compression asymmetry and transversal isotropy of the surface of limit transformation strains. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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系统研究了Ti-Ni形状记忆合金丝(SMA)应力-应变曲线、特征点应力、耗能能力、等效阻尼比随材料直径、应变幅值、加载速率、加载循环次数的变化规律;针对SMA唯象Brinson本构模型无法描述SMA动态力学性能的缺点,结合前述试验结果,提出了一种可考虑加/卸载速率影响的SMA简化本构模型。应用该模型对试验用SMA丝进行模拟,所得应力-应变曲线各特征点平均误差仅为3%,结果表明:所建立的速率相关SMA简化本构模型可较为精确地描述SMA在应力诱发相变过程中的超弹性力学行为,同时可反映加/卸载速率和应变幅值等主要因素对其动力本构模型的影响;该模型结构形式简单,具有较好的工程应用前景。 相似文献
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Jiun‐Shyan Chen Cheng‐Tang Wu Sangpil Yoon Yang You 《International journal for numerical methods in engineering》2001,50(2):435-466
Domain integration by Gauss quadrature in the Galerkin mesh‐free methods adds considerable complexity to solution procedures. Direct nodal integration, on the other hand, leads to a numerical instability due to under integration and vanishing derivatives of shape functions at the nodes. A strain smoothing stabilization for nodal integration is proposed to eliminate spatial instability in nodal integration. For convergence, an integration constraint (IC) is introduced as a necessary condition for a linear exactness in the mesh‐free Galerkin approximation. The gradient matrix of strain smoothing is shown to satisfy IC using a divergence theorem. No numerical control parameter is involved in the proposed strain smoothing stabilization. The numerical results show that the accuracy and convergent rates in the mesh‐free method with a direct nodal integration are improved considerably by the proposed stabilized conforming nodal integration method. It is also demonstrated that the Gauss integration method fails to meet IC in mesh‐free discretization. For this reason the proposed method provides even better accuracy than Gauss integration for Galerkin mesh‐free method as presented in several numerical examples. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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提出具有SMA丝的复合材料轴-盘-刚性支承转子系统的数学模型,研究转子系统的振动与稳定性。将轴视为一个平行于轴线方向埋入SMA丝的薄壁复合材料空心梁,盘为各向同性刚性圆盘,轴位于刚性轴承上。基于变分渐进法(VAM)描述复合材料薄壁梁的变形,基于Brinson热力学本构方程计算SMA丝的回复应力,采用Hamilton原理推导出系统的运动方程,采用Galerkin法进行模型离散化和近似数值计算。着重分析SMA丝含量和初始应变对复合材料轴振动固有频率和转子系统临界转速的影响。研究结果表明,所建立的动力学模型能够用于揭示SMA对转子系统的振动与稳定性的影响机理。 相似文献
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Florin Bobaru Subrata Mukherjee 《International journal for numerical methods in engineering》2002,53(4):765-796
This paper presents a formulation for shape optimization in thermoelasticity using a meshless method, namely the element‐free Galerkin method. Two examples are treated in detail and comparisons with previously published finite element analysis results demonstrate the excellent opportunities the EFG offers for solving these types of problems. Smoother stresses, no remeshing, and better accuracy than finite element solutions, permit answers to shape optimization problems in thermoelasticity that are practically unattainable with the classical FEM without remeshing. For the thermal fin example, the EFG finds finger shapes that are missed by the FEM analysis, and the objective value is greatly improved compared to the FEM solution. A study of the influence of the number of design parameters is performed and it is observed that the EFG can give better results with a smaller number of design parameters than is possible with traditional methods. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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有效提高支撑的延性和耗能能力以及减小支撑的残余变形,是提高建筑结构抗震性能和震后功能恢复能力的重要手段之一。该文基于形状记忆合金(SMA)的自复位性能和滑移螺杆摩擦耗能等思想,提出一种抗震性能良好和自复位能力强的新型自复位SMA支撑。对五个不带SMA的支撑和六个自复位SMA支撑进行低周往复加载试验研究,得到了支撑的滞回曲线、骨架曲线、割线刚度、耗能能力、承载能力和自复位能力等抗震性能指标。试验结果表明:所提出的自复位SMA支撑具有良好的耗能能力、承载能力、延性及自复位能力,整个试验过程中各板件未达到屈服,且SMA可复位至初始状态,无任何构件发生损伤;各自复位SMA支撑试件的滞回曲线均较饱满且大致呈现旗帜型,最大自复位率达到93.7%。所提出的自复位SMA支撑具有良好的抗震性能,可作为自复位阻尼器使用。 相似文献
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有效提高支撑的延性和耗能能力以及减小支撑的残余变形,是提高建筑结构抗震性能和震后功能恢复能力的重要手段之一。该文基于形状记忆合金(SMA)的自复位性能和滑移螺杆摩擦耗能等思想,提出一种抗震性能良好和自复位能力强的新型自复位SMA支撑。对五个不带SMA的支撑和六个自复位SMA支撑进行低周往复加载试验研究,得到了支撑的滞回曲线、骨架曲线、割线刚度、耗能能力、承载能力和自复位能力等抗震性能指标。试验结果表明:所提出的自复位SMA支撑具有良好的耗能能力、承载能力、延性及自复位能力,整个试验过程中各板件未达到屈服,且SMA可复位至初始状态,无任何构件发生损伤;各自复位SMA支撑试件的滞回曲线均较饱满且大致呈现旗帜型,最大自复位率达到93.7%。所提出的自复位SMA支撑具有良好的抗震性能,可作为自复位阻尼器使用。 相似文献