Fe-C-N，Fe-C-V和Fe-C-V-N熔体活度相互作用系数

实验测定了1435℃温度下C和N在Fe-C-N和Fe-C-V-N熔体中的饱和溶解度. Fe-C-V熔体中C的饱和溶解度计算式为XC=0.2043+0.8365XV或-lnXC-9.683XC=-11.96XV-0.3916. C和N在Fe-C-V-N熔体中的饱和溶解度随V浓度增加而增加. 根据Fe-C熔体的热力学性质、Fe-C-N熔体中C和N之间的活度相互作用系数、C在Fe-C-V熔体中及C和N在Fe-C-N和Fe-C-V-N熔体中的饱和溶解度，通过严格的热力学推导和计算，获得了Fe-C-N熔体中C和N之间、Fe-C-V熔体中C和V之间及Fe-C-V-N熔体中V与N之间的活度相互作用系数：eCN=0.5016, eCV=-11.96, eCV=-0.2443和eVN=-0.2379.     

15kt/a直纺涤纶短纤维装置熔体输送能力的研究

分析了15kt／a直纺涤纶短纤维装置熔体输送能力的影响因素。该装置增容至24kt／a，熔体输送管线耐压能力可满足生产，熔体停留时间减少7．5min，熔体温升提高3．7℃，特性粘数降减少0.007dL／g。     

Estimation of reinforcement in compatibilized polypropylene nanocomposites by extensional rheology

Structural characterization in polymer nanocomposites is usually performed using X‐ray scattering and microscopic techniques, whereas the improvements in processing and mechanical properties are commonly investigated by rotational rheometry and tensile testing. However, all of these techniques are time consuming and require quite expensive scientific equipment. It has been shown that a fast and efficient way of estimating the level of reinforcement in polymer nanocomposites can be performed by melt extensional rheology, because it is possible to correlate the level of melt strength with mechanical properties, which reflect both the 3D network formed by the clay platelets/polymer chains as well as final molecular structure in the filled system. The physical network made of silicate filler and polymer matrix has been evaluated by X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Extensional rheometry and tensile testing have been used to measure efficiency of the compatibilizer amount in a polypropylene‐nanoclay system. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

塑料熔体（质量,体积）流动速率及熔体密度的测定

介绍塑料熔体（质量、体积）流动速率,熔体密度的测定方法及熔体流动速率比、表观粘度的计算。     

热熔胶的分类与用途

本文以热熔胶的基料和热熔胶的形态出发将其归纳分类,述及用途。并提出热熔胶将从普通的粘接胶种向特种胶种发展.     

对PET短纤维直接纺丝熔体输送工艺条件的探讨

根据ＨＶ系列年产１．５万ｔ涤纶短纤维的生产实践，结合传热和流体输送的有关理论，对连续聚合直接纺丝装置的熔体输送过程的熔体停留时间、熔体温度控制和熔体压力设定等方面进行了系统讨论，提出熔体在输送管道中的停留时间应根据温度和熔体特性决定；熔体温度可用静态混合器来调节；用输送过程的熔体热降解程度和熔体温度分布及变化作为评价熔体输送系统优劣的标准。     

Effect of annealing time and molecular weight on melt memory of random ethylene 1‐butene copolymers

The effects of annealing time and molecular weight on the strong melt memory effect observed in random ethylene 1‐alkene copolymers are analyzed in a series of model ethylene 1‐butene copolymers with 2.2 mol% branches. Melt memory is associated with molten clusters of ethylene sequences from the initial crystals that remain in close proximity and are unable to diffuse quickly to the randomized melt state, thus increasing the recrystallization rate. Melt memory persists even for greater than 1000 min annealing indicating a long‐lived nature of the clusters that only fully dissolve at melt temperatures above a critical value (>160 °C). Below the critical melt temperature, molecular weight and annealing temperature have a strong influence on the slow kinetics of melt memory. For the copolymers analyzed, slow dissolution of clusters is experimentally observed only for M_w < 50 000 g mol^?1. More stable clusters that survive higher annealing temperatures display slower dissolution rates than clusters remaining at lower temperatures. The threshold crystallinity level to enable melt memory (X_c,threshold) decreases with increasing molecular weight and decreasing annealing temperature similarly to the variation of the chain diffusivity in the melt. The process leading to melt memory is thermally activated as the variation of X_c,threshold with temperature follows Arrhenius behavior with high activation energy (ca 108 kJ mol^?1) that is independent of molecular weight. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry     

漫谈高硼玻璃的电熔

阐述了高硼玻璃的熔制特性,通过对窑内玻璃液流温度分布的分析,认为用全电熔窑熔化高硼玻璃比较理想,并提出了相关注意事项.     

聚丙烯接枝改性及其挤出发泡研究

采用过氧化二异丙苯（DCP）为引发剂，苯乙烯（St）为助引发剂，双螺杆挤出机为反应器，使甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯（GMA）接技到聚丙烯（PP）链上。通过FT-IR等测试方法对接枝PP的结构和性能进行了研究，结果表明在1727cm^-1处有较为明显的羰基吸收峰；抗熔垂能力的测定表明，接枝反应有效地改善了PP的熔体强度，从而得到适于挤出发泡的聚丙烯接枝改性优化配方：PP100份、GMA8份、DCP0．06份、St3．5份。     

国外湿固化聚氨酯热熔胶技术进展

叙述了湿固化聚氨酯热熔胶的主要特点和用途。通过大量专利文献的查阅,从预聚体、热塑性树脂、增粘剂、添加剂等几个方面论述了湿固化聚氨酯热熔胶的组成及国外在这些方面改进胶性能的技术进展。由文献得知,增加聚氨酸预聚体和热塑性树脂的结晶度,能提高该热熔胶的初粘力,带有羟基的热塑性树脂与低聚物多元醇一起与多异氰酸酯反应,可制得优质热熔胶。     

Effect of TiO2 addition on the properties of Ti3Si(Al)C2 based ceramics fabricated by reactive melt infiltration

In this paper, Ti₃Si(Al)C₂ based ceramics were fabricated by reactive melt infiltration (RMI) of TiC/TiO₂ preforms with liquid silicon. The microstructure, phase composition, and mechanical properties of the Ti₃Si(Al)C₂ based ceramics have been investigated to understand the effect of phase composition of the preforms on the formation mechanisms of Ti₃Si(Al)C₂. The preforms with different content of TiO₂ infiltrated at 1500 °C with liquid silicon for 1 h were composed of Ti₃Si(Al)C₂, Al₂O₃, TiC, TiSi_xAl_y and residual Al. The prior generated Al₂O₃ phases inhibited the dispersion of Ti₃Si(Al)C₂ phases, resulting in the drastically grain growth of Ti₃Si(Al)C₂. Subsequently, the microstructure with gradually increasing Ti₃Si(Al)C₂ grain size resulted in the decrease of the bending strength and fracture toughness of samples. When the content of TiO₂ reached 20 wt%, the bending strength reached the maximum, 326.6 MPa. The fracture toughness attained the maximum, 4.3 MPa m^1/2, when the content of TiO₂ was 10 wt%.     

Fiber spinnability of glass melts

Fiber spinnability is the ability of a glass-forming melt to be steadily stretched and spun into defect-free fiber filaments. However, its quantification has not been well established owing to many controlling factors such as melt fragility, melt strength, surface tension, liquidus temperature, liquidus viscosity, and crystallization. To understand and quantify the fiber spinnability of a glass melt, we consider two key aspects: fiberizing viscosity window and melt stability. The fiberizing viscosity window is defined by the upper and lower viscosity limits. Fibers rupture above the upper viscosity limit, whereas a stable melt stream cannot form below the lower limit (η_low). We introduce a simple parameter to quantify fiber spinnability, namely, K_fib=η_L/η_low, where η_L is the viscosity at liquidus temperature (T_L). A fiber can only form if K_fib>1. To quantify melt stability we propose the parameter of S=(T_L-T_C)/(T_L-T_g), where T_L and T_C are the liquidus temperature, and the onset temperature of melt crystallization during cooling, respectively. Both parameters (K_fib and S) are important for a rational design of glass fiber compositions, and fiberizing process. We use two basalt melts as examples of this study to demonstrate the high sensitivity of fiber spinnability to a minor variation in chemical composition of melts.     

尿素熔融槽的技改

在尿素熔融喷浆造粒生产复合肥过程中,尿素熔融槽的结构对保证尿素在槽中均匀、快速被加热熔融,防止温度超标和缩二腺的生成非常重要。介绍对尿素熔融槽结构技改的内容和效果,达到了长期无故障生产。     

熔铸炸药的研究进展

综述了DNAN、TNAZ、DNTF、M eNQ四种可作为熔铸载体炸药的国内外研究现状,介绍了它们的合成方法、物理化学与爆轰性能、相容性、熔铸配方以及国内外在为其熔铸所做的最新研究成果,为促进上述载体炸药能更好地应用到熔铸中提供必要的参考数据。其中DNAN已经在美国投入到实际熔铸应用中,TNAZ、DNTF、M eNQ处于合成放大阶段和熔铸应用初级阶段。这些炸药的研究和应用将推动无TNT熔铸时代的到来。     

长链支化制备高熔体强度PP的研究

通过长链支化来改性PP，从而得到高熔体强度的PP。实验以丙烯酸酯类单体为接枝单体，过氧化物为引发剂，对PP进行了熔融接枝，重点考察了二官能团单体的改性情况。实验结果表明，二三官能团单体的改性效果较为明显；熔体流动速率随单体加入量增加而降低，随过氧化物浓度增加而升高；拉伸粘度谱图显示有明显的应变硬化现象；改性后产物的熔体强度变化明显；纯化后的产物经工外，差示扫描量热分析表明接枝反应的发生；索氏萃取法没有检测到凝胶的生成。     

聚氨酯热熔胶合成及应用研究的进展

综述了我国聚氨酯热熔胶的最新研究现状,重点介绍了光/湿双固化聚氨酯热熔胶、反应型聚氨酯热熔胶合成及应用研究的进展,最后指出了我国聚氨酯热熔胶的发展方向。     

Melt flow indexer evidence of high‐temperature transitions in molten high‐density polyethylenes

A melt flow indexer (MFI) was used to investigate high‐temperature transitions in melts of high‐density polyethylene (HDPE). The MFI data were obtained in the range 190–230°C. These transitions were found in the MFI at about 210 and 225°C and reproduced in a Haake melt blender. Polystyrene was used in the blender experiment to demonstrate typical amorphous behavior. For HDPE melts, the MFI–temperature behavior and the torque–temperature data of the blender were found to be alternative images of the same anomalous temperature dependency in the range 210–225°C. Also, the Haake melt blender was able to reproduce the 150°C transition observed by Kolnaar and Keller in the extrusion of HDPE. Regardless of the simplicity of the MFI device, results are in agreement with our previous DSC findings. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 91: 1309–1313, 2004     

Study of the relationship between shear modification and melt fracture in extrusion of LDPE

Successive passes through an extruder can modify the melt morphology of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) by applying a shearing process. The major effects of shear modification are to decrease the elastic properties, as evidenced by the decrease in extrudate swell at the exit of a capillary and in melt viscosity at a low-frequency region. The effect of shear modification is also shown by the delay in the onset of melt fracture upon extrusion. The critical shear stress resulted from extrudate appearance, and apparent discontinuity in the flow curve of LDPE shows a similar value with polypropylene rather than those of LLDPE and HDPE. The shearing histories experienced by these materials did not result in any measurable change in molecular weight, so that the chemical modification process such as degradation and crosslinking may be ruled out. These behaviors were also confirmed to the fact that the extrudate swell was fully reversible by annealing in a molten state. The effects of shear modification on rheological properties could be explained by the changes in melt morphology owing to the disentanglement of temporary couplings between long branches. Also, a reduction in melt elasticity by shear modification of LDPE can be used as an effective tool to improve the surface roughness of extrudates in the cable-making process. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 70: 2187–2195, 1998     

聚醚酮熔体过滤装置的建立与改进研究

针对聚醚酮的合成反应会产生细小固体杂质,原料、精制及干燥过程会带入灰尘等杂质,熔体挤出造粒时聚醚酮因长时间塑化和加热会产生残渣等问题,设计、建立了聚醚酮连续过滤生产装置,采用挤出机熔融、加压,再经熔体泵加压,经过高目数过滤网对其进行过滤。对装置试运行后出现的问题进行了改进,确定了适宜的操作条件,加料速度40 kg/h,挤出机加热温度375℃;出口压力12 MPa,熔体泵出口压力22～45 MPa,过滤网304材质,网块直径200 mm、网直径180 mm,网孔直径5μm,换网次数1次/h。测试结果表明,过滤后Ф5μm的颗粒杂质个数<6个/cm2,纯物料收率90.5%。     

熔体流动时间法测定PBT树脂特性粘数的研究

开发了一种新的特性粘数分析方法 ,该方法采用熔体流动时间计算特性粘数 ,与经典特性粘数分析方法有很好的相关性且具有分析时间短、费用低、无污染等优点。