非整数阶系统的频率辨识

使用频响数据对非整数阶系统作频域模拟和辨识.首先,定义了非整数阶微分器的频率特性,进而给出了非整数阶系统的余奎斯特曲线的绘制方法.然后,运用方程式误差的辅助变量法,根据实部和虚部频率数据进行非整数阶系统的频率辨识.最后,通过两个数字仿真来验证这种辨识方法.     

非整数阶系统的频域辨识法

提出了一类非整数阶系统的频域辨识最小二乘方法, 给出了算法的详细推导过程. 通过对已知系统仿真, 结果表明该方法有如下优点: 对于非整数阶对象, 能够用更简单的模型获得更好的频域响应拟合; 对于整数阶对象, 采用阶数扫描的方法仍然能找到拟合其频域响应的最好的整数阶模型; 与整数阶系统辨识算法相比, 该算法更稳定.     

非整数阶系统频域辨识的递推最小二乘算法

非整数阶系统辨识方法是建立非整数阶系统模型的一种重要工具．本文提出了一种非整数阶系统频域辨识的最小二乘递推算法．给出了算法的详细推导，并用已知系统验证了算法的有效性．结果表明该算法是整数阶系统辨识的最小二乘递推算法的推广．使用此算法，不但能辨识整数阶系统，还能辨识非整数阶系统．     

分数阶PI^λD^μ控制器控制性能的研究

现实控制系统研究中存在很多分数阶系统,因此对系统提出了分数阶PI~λD~μ控制器,控制器将传统整数阶PID控制器的微分与积分阶数扩展到分数,增加了两个参数微分阶数μ和积分阶数λ.为了对比研究分数阶系统分别在分数阶PI~λD~μ控制器控制下和在整数阶PID控制器控制下的系统性能,针对一个典型的分数阶系统,分别设计两类控制器,再进行性能比较.实验仿真结果表明,与整数阶PID控制器相比,该系统在分数阶PI~λD~μ控制器控制下整个闭环系统具备较好的动、静态性能,并且鲁棒性较强,说明分数阶PI~λD~μ控制器控制性能的优越性以及当被控系统为分数阶系统时应该设计分数阶PI~λD~μ控制器.     

自适应非整数步长的分数阶微分掩模的图像纹理增强算法

图像纹理增强是计算机图形学、计算机视觉和模式识别等领域里的一个重要问题.通过分析分数阶微分原理和纹理图像的特性,提出一种自适应非整数步长的分数阶微分掩模算法,并将其应用于纹理图像增强中.利用图像纹理间的高度自相关性自适应地构建局部不规则的自相关掩模区域,剔除相关性较低的像素并降低噪声干扰;同时,突破传统分数阶微分数值计算采用单位步长的思想,分析不规则掩模区域的臂长特征,自适应地估计非整数步长;最后建立局部线性模型实现对非整数步长处的像素灰度值的准确估计,提高分数阶微分数值解的逼近程度.实验结果表明,该算法能够提高分数阶微分解析值的精确度,有效地增强了图像平滑区域中的复杂纹理细节.     

一类非等阶分数阶非线性系统的神经网络控制

讨论一类不确定非线性分数阶非等阶（noncommensurate）的系统的控制问题。假设系统含的不确定包括正实不确定（positive real uncertainty）项和非线性函数完全未知,首先利用RBF神经网络近似未知非线性函数,再基于系统的连续频率分布模型将分数阶系统转化为等价的无穷维分布状态变量的整数阶系统,结合间接Lyapunov方法及线性矩阵不等式（LMI）方法,给出了系统鲁棒渐近稳定的充分条件。理论和实例仿真验证了方法的有效性。     

复杂分数阶多自主体系统的运动一致性

复杂环境中,许多自然现象的动力学特性不能应用整数阶方程描述,而只能用分数阶（非整数阶）动力学的智能个体合作行为来解释. 本文假设多自主体 系统存在个体差异,采用不同的分数阶动力学特性组成复杂分数混合阶微分方程. 应用分数阶系统的Laplace变换和频域理论,研究了有向网络拓扑下,时延分数混合阶多自主体系统的运动一致性. 由于整数阶系统是分数阶系统的特殊情况,本文的结论可以推广到整数阶与分数阶混合的多自主体系统中. 最后,应用仿真实例对本文结论进行了验证.     

一种新的分数阶微分的图像边缘检测算子

为了提取出更加精确和细微的边缘信息,同时为了具有更好的抗噪性能,提出了一种新的分数阶微分梯度算子。根据Riemann-Liouville分数阶微积分定义,推导出了非整数步长的分数阶微分方程,并采用拉格朗日插值方法确定非整数步长像素点的灰度值,进而构造出八个方向的微分掩模,实现了图像边缘检测。实验表明,该方法更好地利用了图像的自相关性,比传统的边缘检测算子能更好地提取图像边缘细节,且对噪声具有更好的鲁棒性。     

不确定扰动分数阶混沌系统自适应Terminal滑模同步

针对带扰动不确定分数阶混沌系统的同步问题,基于自适应Terminal滑模控制,设计了一种分数阶非奇异Terminal滑模面,保证误差系统沿着滑模面在有限时间内稳定至平衡点,在系统外部扰动和不确定性的边界事先未知的情况,设计了自适应控制率,在线估计未知边界,使得同步误差轨迹能到达滑模面。最后,以三维分数阶Chen系统和四维分数阶Lorenz超混沌系统为例,利用所设计的自适应Terminal滑模控制器进行同步仿真,验证了所给方法是有效性和可行性。     

分数阶PIλDμ控制器的一种状态空间实现

首先回顾了分数阶微积分、分数阶系统和分数阶PIλDμ控制器的数学描述,对于一类分数阶SISO被控对象,提出了一种基于整数阶微分算子的分数阶PIλDμ控制器的S平面状态空间实现.同时,在Matlab Simulink仿真平台实现了基于Oustaloup连续滤波器法的分数阶微分算子和该状态空间实现,并基于遗传算法整定了状态空间参数.仿真结果验证了该状态空间的有效性与正确性.     

一类不确定分数阶混沌系统同步的自适应滑模控制方法

针对一类系统不确定及受外界干扰的分数阶混沌系统,本文首先将分数阶微积分应用到滑模控制中,构造了一个具有分数阶积分项的滑模面.针对系统不确定及外界干扰项,基于分数阶Lyapunov稳定性理论与自适应控制方法,设计了一种滑模控制器以及分数阶次的参数自适应律,实现了两不确定分数阶混沌系统的同步控制,并辨识出相应误差系统中不确定项及外界干扰项的边界.在分数阶系统稳定性分析中使用的分数阶Lyapunov稳定性理论及相关函数都可以很好地运用到其它分数阶系统同步控制方法中.最后数值仿真验证了所提控制方法的可行性与有效性.     

Fractional fault-tolerant dynamical controller for a class of commensurate-order fractional systems

A fault-tolerant control scheme is proposed for a class of commensurate-order fractional nonlinear systems that consists of two fractional-order observers (hybrid scheme). The diagnosis of the faults is performed by means of a model-free fractional proportional integral reduced-order observer that uses the fractional algebraic observability property. A fractional dynamical controller obtained in a natural way from the dynamics of a fractional high-gain observer is designed, which is constructed from a fractional generalised observability canonical form; the controller performs output tracking, thus eliminating the effects of the faults. A stability analysis on the overall system demonstrates that the origin is Mittag–Leffler stable. The proposed methodology is assessed by means of simulations on the fractional models of the Van der Pol oscillator and a DC motor.     

分数阶混沌系统的延迟同步

基于分数阶线性系统的稳定性理论，结合反馈控制和主动控制方法，提出了实现分数阶混沌系统的延迟同步的一种新方法．该方案通过设计合适的控制器将分数阶混沌系统的延迟同步问题转化为分数阶线性误差系统在原点的渐近稳定性问题．分数阶Chen系统的数值模拟结果验证了该方案的有效性．     

Fuzzy Adaptive Control of a Fractional Order Chaotic System With Unknown Control Gain Sign Using a Fractional Order Nussbaum Gain

In this paper we propose an improved fuzzy adaptive control strategy, for a class of nonlinear chaotic fractional order (SISO) systems with unknown control gain sign. The online control algorithm uses fuzzy logic sets for the identification of the fractional order chaotic system, whereas the lack of a priori knowledge on the control directions is solved by introducing a fractional order Nussbaum gain. Based on Lyapunov stability theorem, stability analysis is performed for the proposed control method for an acceptable synchronization error level. In this work, the Grünwald-Letnikov method is used for numerical approximation of the fractional order systems. A simulation example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.      

Cyber-physical Systems as General Distributed Parameter Systems: Three Types of Fractional Order Models and Emerging Research Opportunities

Cyber-physical systems (CPSs) are man-made complex systems coupled with natural processes that, as a whole, should be described by distributed parameter systems (DPSs) in general forms. This paper presents three such general models for generalized DPSs that can be used to characterize complex CPSs. These three different types of fractional operators based DPS models are: fractional Laplacian operator, fractional power of operator or fractional derivative. This research investigation is motivated by many fractional order models describing natural, physical, and anomalous phenomena, such as sub-diffusion process or super-diffusion process. The relationships among these three different operators are explored and explained. Several potential future research opportunities are then articulated followed by some conclusions and remarks.      

Approximated modeling and minimal realization of transfer function matrices with multiple time delays

The modeling and minimal realization techniques for a specific multiple time-delay continuous-time transfer function matrix with a delay-free denominator and a multiple (integer/fractional) time-delay numerator matrix have been developed in the literature. However, this is not the case for a general multiple time-delay continuous-time transfer function matrix with multiple (integer/fractional) time delays in both the denominator and the numerator matrix. This paper presents a new approximated modeling and minimal realization technique for the general multiple time-delay transfer function matrices. According to the proposed technique, an approximated discrete-time state-space model and its corresponding discrete-time transfer function matrix are first determined, by utilizing the balanced realization and model reduction methods with the sampled unit-step response data of the afore-mentioned multiple time-delay (known/unknown) continuous-time systems. Then, the modified Z-transform method is applied to the obtained discrete-time transfer function matrix to find an equivalent specific multiple time-delay continuous-time transfer function matrix with multiple time delays in only the inputs and outputs, for which the existing control and design methodologies and minimal realization techniques can be effectively applied. Illustrative examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

A numerical estimation of the fractional-order Liouvillian systems and its application to secure communications

This paper introduces a method for the numerical estimation of the fractional derivative of a signal, a smoothed sliding modes state observer is used to make the estimation. As application for the estimator a color image encryption algorithm is given, the algorithm is based on the synchronisation of fractional chaotic Liouvillian systems and its main characteristics are the capability to keep data safe from the most common types of cryptanalysis and handling large colour images while producing no data loss.     

一类不确定分数阶混沌系统的同步控制

针对一类参数未知,状态不能全部测量的分数阶混沌系统的同步控制问题,结合状态观测器和自适应方法,提出了一种更符合工程实际的新的控制方案,利用分数阶微积分稳定性理论,给出了基于状态观测器的控制律和自适应律。该同步方法理论严格,没有强加在系统上的限制条件,适用范围比较宽,便于实现,并且保留了非线性项,达到同步的时间短。以分数阶R~ssler系统为研究对象,实现了参数未知,状态不能全部测量的分数阶混沌系统同步。理论分析与计算机仿真结果证实了该方法的有效性。     

Robust stability analysis of uncertain multiorder fractional systems: Young and Jensen inequalities approach

Robust stability analysis of multiorder fractional linear time‐invariant systems is studied in this paper. In the present study, first, conservative stability boundaries with respect to the eigenvalues of a dynamic matrix for this kind of systems are found by using Young and Jensen inequalities. Then, considering uncertainty on the dynamic matrix, fractional orders, and fractional derivative coefficients, some sufficient conditions are derived for the stability analysis of uncertain multiorder fractional systems. Numerical examples are presented to confirm the obtained analytical results.     

Extended Kalman filters for fractional‐order nonlinear continuous‐time systems containing unknown parameters with correlated colored noises

By using the Grünwald‐Letnikov (G‐L) difference method and the Tustin generating function method, this study presents extended Kalman filters to achieve satisfactory state estimation for fractional‐order nonlinear continuous‐time systems that containing some unknown parameters with the correlated fractional‐order colored noises. Based on the G‐L difference method and the Tustin generating function method, the difference equations corresponding to fractional‐order nonlinear continuous‐time systems are constructed respectively. The first‐order Taylor expansion is used to linearize the nonlinear functions in the estimated system, which provides the system model for extended Kalman filters. Using the augmented vector method, the unknown parameters are regarded as new state vectors, and the augmented difference equation is constructed. Based on the augmented difference equation, extended Kalman filters are designed to estimate the state of fractional‐order nonlinear systems with process noise as fractional‐order colored noise or measurement noise as fractional‐order colored noise. Meanwhile, the extended Kalman filters proposed in this paper can also estimate the unknown parameters effectively. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed extended Kalman filters is validated in simulation with two examples.