Habitat Dioramas and the Issue of Nativeness

Habitat dioramas are museum exhibits of stuffed animals set in an imitation of their natural environment. Below the surface of the diorama's illusionistic naturalness, socio-political agendas can be identified. The focus of this article is on the Biological Museum in Stockholm, with its spectacular array of Nordic landscape reconstructions, and I argue that it constituted an archetypal example of the instrumentalization of the diorama exhibit for nationalistic purposes. Exclusively shown were landscapes of territories to which Sweden laid hegemonic claims, and the exhibited animals were turned into Swedish species, making them part of a common cultural and national tradition. Museums in other European countries also constructed dioramas that imparted to the museum visitors the unspoken message that animals are not merely distributed according to zoogeographical provinces, but can be thought of as naturally belonging to national territories. Thus the notion of biological nativeness became invested with political meaning.     

国家博物馆大广场中庭烟气控制研究

依据《高层民用建筑设计防火规范》国家博物馆大广场中庭设计排烟量需达到160万m^3／h。笔者利用性能化防火设计的方法对国家博物馆中庭内的防排烟系统进行分析设计，确保火灾时中庭内烟气在人员疏散完毕之前不会达到危险状态。结果表明，在消防设施正常工作的务件下，51万m^3／h的排烟量可以将中庭内的烟气控制住，保证人员的安全疏散。     

古建筑室外消火栓系统设计探讨

通过对韩城博物馆消防设施现状的调查和了解，发现韩城博物馆存在较为严重的火灾隐患，提出了消防整改意见和建议，并根据现场勘察结果，结合现行国家规范，完成了博物馆室外水消防系统的设计工作。     

当代博物馆建筑"事件"设计趋势研究

当代博物馆十分重视场所和内容的策划,希望能通过"事件"来丰富博物馆的经历,增加其吸引力.文章重点关注了这种"事件"策略下,当代博物馆建筑的回应,通过案例分析和总结了当代博物馆建筑"事件"设计的四种类型,提出博物馆建筑"事件"设计适应了当代博物馆的经营理念和发展趋势,是博物馆建筑师们应该研究的重要课题.     

七彩云南·七彩建筑——云南省博物馆方案设计

文章结合云南省博物馆的设计分析,以"七彩云南、民族云南、馆藏云南"为切入点阐述了营造"七彩大地、七彩大厅、七彩建筑"的博物馆设计思路。     

Seeing religion with new eyes at the asian civilisations museum

ABSTRACT

In Asia and even in cosmopolitan Singapore, religion still plays a major role in national affairs as well as in the everyday lives of many ordinary people. Singapore is a secular state with a multifaith and multi-ethnic showcase. The plurality of cultures, religions, races, and origins still has a significant impact on state matters such as the school curriculum, citizenship education, and preservation of traditional cultures. Museum educators need to understand the opportunities and challenges diversity creates so that our collection and programs may be rendered relevant and meaningful to our visitors. Continual experimentation and responsive improvisation raised many questions and offered numerous possibilities for our museum educators to help visitors see religion with new eyes, not as exclusive sets of beliefs but an ecosystem of diverse ideas bound by rich civilizations that are connected by centuries of trade and cultural exchange. The Asian Civilisations Museum is the first museum in the region to present a broad yet integrated perspective of Asian cultures and civilizations. Can this museum really help people in our society, especially students; discover “selves” and “others“? Is it necessary to introduce new ways of looking at religion? Is impactful learning about various religions possible in a secular space?     

西安曲江海洋科普世界极地馆（北极熊馆）索杆体系--钢索施工控制

本工程通过水下展示和水上展示两部分,多角度、全方位展示极地动物,其中北极熊馆是核心部分。北极熊馆顶部为正连帽膜结构,在设计施工过程中有关钢索预应力的设计施工控制是本工程的难点。     

砖船：伊比利亚当代艺术中心

曾经,博物馆是神殿,承载崇高,给人在充斥偶像符号的世界里反思的空间。毕尔巴鄂之后的时代,博物馆本身不成为标志抢风头的倒越来越少见了。北京798艺术区存在的前提值得一提：1990年代中期,艺术学生来这里扩展他们的工作室,旧厂库中自然衍生了画廊、商店和咖啡厅,是时寻找公共空间进行艺术创作还很边缘,实在没有人考虑怎么设计画廊,     

Environmental parameters in museums

During the last decade, the environmental conditions of the museum exhibition facilities and storage areas have been shown to be the most crucial factor, concerning the preservation of collections and artifacts. The pollution (chemicals and noise), the humidity, the temperature and the lighting can possibly deteriorate or even destroy the material cultural goods that are kept, protected and displayed in museum collections. Therefore, the aim of the present report is to define the threats that museum collections may suffer under inappropriate environmental conditions where they are housed.     

A visitors’ presence model for a museum environment: Description and validation

The correct simulation of energy needs for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning of the rooms of a museum is strictly correlated to the estimation of internal loads deriving from the presence of visitors, who are responsible for both sensible and latent gains. However, visitors’ profiles on short time scales (e.g., 15 minutes) in museum rooms are often not available data. In this work, we present a correlation between the statistical distribution of visitors’ presence in the main exhibition rooms of a museum and the profile of sold tickets, which is usually readily accessible. We apply the procedure to a real museum, using the results of a monitoring campaign for the best-fitting of the correlation curves and for the validation of the model. The fitting curves are the superposition of three Gaussian distributions, where daily and weekly peaks are taken into account. Each distribution refers to a period of the day (late morning/early afternoon, afternoon, and late afternoon), and has a standard deviation obtained by a best-fit procedure, and an integral corresponding to the sum of the sold tickets in its specific period of the day. The model is validated comparing monitored data of temperature and specific humidity in the rooms with the results of a dynamic simulation, run on TRNSYS 17, using the modeled correlation. By means of this validated model, energy-saving measures on the examined museum can be reliably simulated. At the same time, it is reasonable to assume that the same method could be applicable to other buildings with similar occupancy (e.g., galleries, exhibitions).     

Identifying the economic impact behind a cultural asset: an input–output subsystems analysis

Nowadays, cultural activities are recognised as having a positive impact on regional and local development. In this paper, we analyse the economic impact of a new museum (the Gaudí Centre) on the regional economy by quantifying the amount of new productive income and new employment it has created. As far as we know, this is the first study to analyse the economic impact of a museum in quantitative terms by using an input–output subsystem analysis in which we differentiate the service sectors, which are closely connected to the museum’s direct demand, from the non-service activities, which are not so closely connected. Our results show that the museum has a considerable impact on the regional economy and suggest that cultural investments can play a role in income generation that goes beyond that of mere cultural activities.     

博物馆展示流线设计中拓扑学的应用研究

该文介绍了博物馆展示流线设计的功能需求,以及拓扑学一笔画问题的相关理论成果,尝试将流线平面化并与拓扑学理论相结合进行研究,把功能需求拓扑化进而转化为数学已知条件,建立数学模型。同时以实际案例辅助说明了拓扑学理论在博物馆流线设计中三个不同方面的具体应用,分别为泡泡图向流线图转化时的应用、判断现有空间能否单流线连通时的应用,以及放大并深化设计连通图中的节点时的应用。最后举出几个在运用拓扑学理论辅助博物馆流线设计的同时应考虑和注意的问题作为补充说明。     

科技博物馆展示设计要点应用研究

展示设计如何能够更加深层次地挖掘出科技博物馆所要表达的内涵和设计的理念,都是需要进行认真思考和深入探索的问题。本文就针对科技博物馆在展示设计上需要重点研究的问题进行了探析,希望能为博物馆展示设计提供依据。     

复杂博物馆结构的隔震效应及地震响应分析

对具有竖向构件不规则、楼板开洞面积大、四周悬挑梁等特征的复杂混凝土框架—钢支撑博物馆结构,采用隔震技术处理后,基于时程分析法进行了层间位移、层间剪力等的地震响应分析,隔震后结构加速度响应仅为输入的30％～60％,最大层间剪力约为非隔震的40％.还根据基底剪力和外力做功等效原则提出了复杂结构模型向简化计算模型转化的等效刚度和隔震层位移等计算式,并对博物馆隔震结构进行了地震响应分析.计算结果表明,简化分析方法的计算精度与时程分析法相近.所提简化计算方法计算简便且具有较好的分析精度,可用于复杂隔震结构地震响应的快速分析.     

Searching for a state-of-the-art public space: city museums among archives and networks

The article focuses on innovations in city museums in recent years. By focusing on the user – as opposed to the collection – the changes in city museums have an influence on the statute of the museum, considerably altering its mission. Going so far as to build up databases and digital displays, the museum increasingly intersects its functions with those of an archive which (with particular regard to architectural materials) now proposes exhibitive forms of fruition. The most extreme consequences of this phenomenon is the online museum, with numerous peculiar aspects: it is flexible (its collection can grow without problems, and be presented in different forms), democratic, interactive and inexpensive, and it allows flows of information in several directions. The comparison with the contemporary city remains the fundamental, hinging element, as several intuitions have already shown in the past.     

有之以为利,无之以为用——浙江长兴大唐贡茶院遗址博物馆设计

遗址博物馆的设计有多种切八角度与价值取向可以表现,但从文化层面而言,核心是体现、揭示、强化文物的文化内涵和价值意义,建筑应退居为载体的功能。浙江长兴大唐贡茶院遗址博物馆方案体现的是一种围绕着遗址、与之进行对话的设计成果。     

上海世博会中国馆国家馆劲性钢筋混凝土框简组合结构体系施工技术

上海世博会中国馆国家馆结构为从33．220m开始层层外挑（外挑距离达34．75m,总高度达69．9m）的巨型“皇冠”状结构。施工过程以施工进度控制为关键,针对国家馆核心筒混凝土结构与钢结构同步交叉施工、国家馆垂直层叠施工等各种复杂的施工工况,采用了钢筋桁架模板、箱形钢梁（内灌混凝土）等施工方法,取得了较好的施工效果,确保了施工工期和工程质量。     

博物馆:一种新型休闲生活方式的设计

博物馆起源于收藏,从诞生之日起就与休闲有着密不可分的联系。然而,在我国,长久以来,博物馆一直是人们心目中神圣的文化殿堂和教育场所,与休闲无关,相应地,博物馆的设计也一向庄重肃穆。本文在梳理博物馆的发展、演变的基础上,指出在"休闲时代"即将来临的今天,我国博物馆未来的设计趋势应着眼于新型休闲生活方式的设计,并试图提出若干博物馆设计的休闲策略。     

上海世博会中国馆国家馆钢结构工程施工技术

上海世博会中国馆国家馆结构为从33.22m开始层层外挑(外挑距离达34.75m,总高度达69.9m)的巨型"皇冠"状结构。施工过程以施工进度控制为关键,针对国家馆钢结构与核心筒混凝土结构同步交叉施工、国家馆垂直层叠施工等各种复杂的施工工况,研制了一套"国家馆4个核心筒布置4台大型塔式起重机定点就位安装综合安装钢屋盖"的施工方法,铺开了施工作业面,取得了较好的施工效果,确保了施工工期和工程质量。     

博物馆防雷工程设计分析

我国有着悠久的历史文化,在很多地方都建有博物馆。博物馆中通常收藏着大量的文物,甚至还有一部分十分珍贵的国宝级文物。文物作为不可再生的珍贵文化遗产,其防雷保护工作至关重要。