One-third terabit/s transmission through 150 km ofdispersion-managed fiber

340 Gb/s (seventeen 20-Gb/s 2³¹-1 PRBS NRZ channels) were transmitted through 150 km of fiber with 50 km amplifier spacing. Chromatic dispersion penalties and four-photon mixing effects were minimized by dispersion management     

Theoretical model of the hybrid soliton pulse source

A complete model of the hybrid soliton pulse source based on a time-domain solution of the coupled-mode equations is described. The model predicts the novel wavelength self-tuning mechanism and large stability range seen with this source. Results show the output waveform, optical spectrum, and instantaneous frequency, providing accurate source characteristics for use in transmission simulations     

20 Gb/s optical soliton data transmission over 70 km usingdistributed fiber amplifiers

20 Gb/s optical soliton data transmission is demonstrated over 70 km. Highly efficient distributed Raman amplifiers for fiber-loss compensation are realized by using high Δn dispersion-shifted single-mode fibers pumped by laser diodes. To achieve high bit rate transmission, optical multiplexing and demultiplexing techniques are also employed. The bit error rate (BER) performance dependence on the input peak power of the optical pulse is measured. No power penalty can be seen at the input peak power required for transmitting optical solitons while the BER performance degrades when decreasing the input peak power     

Mode-locked hybrid soliton pulse source with extremely wideoperating frequency range

The authors report a mode-locked pulse source with extremely wide operating frequency range and very stable operation, through the use of a long, linearly chirped Bragg reflector as the output coupler integrated in a fiber external cavity. A 1.55 μm strained MQW laser diode is used, with one facet high reflectivity (HR) coated for improved cavity Q, and the other antireflection (AR) coated to allow coupling to the external cavity and suppress Fabry-Perot modes. Near-transform-limited pulses are obtained over a frequency range of 700 MHz around a system operating frequency of 2.488 GHz, with pulsewidths of 50 ps, as required for a practical soliton transmission system     

Influence of noise in optical pulse source on soliton transmission

This paper performed a 10-Gb/s optical soliton transmission experiment in a sliding frequency recirculating loop and found that the noise in the optical pulse source decreased error-free distance. This is because the mean frequency of soliton at the pulse source is modulated by the noise which results in the increase of timing jitter at the receiver even in a strong sliding frequency controlled soliton transmission line. Jitter in arrival time of transmitted solitons was theoretically analyzed to verify experimental results     

160 Gbit/s soliton data transmission over 200 km

Polarisation- and time-domain-multiplexed 160 Gbit/s soliton signals have been successfully transmitted over 200 km for the first time. The soliton source was a 10 GHz regeneratively modelocked fibre laser and a planar lightwave circuit was used for optical multiplexing. The soliton pulse width was ~1.5 ps. A polariser and a nonlinear loop mirror were used for demultiplexing from 160 to 10 Gbit/s     

10 Gbit/s optical soliton transmission over 7200 km by using amonolithically integrated MQW-DFB-LD/MQW-EA modulator light source

The authors demonstrate 10 Gbit/s optical soliton transmission in a recirculating loop through the use of a monolithically integrated MQW-DFB-LD/MQW-EA modulator light source. The timing jitter due to the Gordon-Haus effect is successfully reduced by the optical bandpass filters conventionally used in the cascaded EDFAs to avoid the accumulation of amplified spontaneous emission. The transmission distance of 7200 km is achieved at a bit error rate of 10^-9     

10 Gbit/s pseudorandom dark soliton data transmission over 1200 km

A 10 Gbit/s pseudorandom (PR) dark soliton data signal has been successfully transmitted over 1200 km for the first time. The dark soliton source was a 1.53 μm DFB LD and was modulated with a push-pull Mach-Zehnder LiNbO₃ intensity modulator. A T-flip-flop circuit was used to generate the PR dark soliton. A one-bit-shifting scheme with a Mach-Zehnder interferometer was used to convert the dark soliton train into a conventional NRZ signal     

Polarisation-independent 20 Gbit/s soliton data transmission over12500 km using amplitude and phase modulation soliton transmissioncontrol

Polarisation-independent error-free 20 Gbit/s soliton data transmission over 12500 km with flat system Q dependence on distance, has been demonstrated using static filtering and a semiconductor polarisation-independent amplitude and phase modulator for soliton transmission control     

4 Gb/s soliton data transmission over 136 km using erbium dopedfiber amplifiers

The use of semiconductor-laser-pumped erbium-doped fiber amplifiers and an externally modulated mode-locked external-cavity semiconductor laser to obtain soliton data transmission at 4 Gb/s over 136 km of nondispersion shifted fiber is described. After 136 km of transmission and at low pulse powers, the ~80 ps fiber input pulse width was broadened to ~150 ps. At high pulse powers the output pulse width was maintained at 80 ps, as expected for N=1 solitons. N =3 solitons were also observed at lower data rates     

10 Gbit/s, 1200 km error-free soliton data transmission using erbium-doped fibre amplifiers

Soliton data signals at 10 Gbit/s have been successfully transmitted for the first time through a 1200 km dispersion-shifted fibre by using 24 erbium-doped fibre amplifiers. A bit error rate below 10/sup -13/ was obtained with 2/sup 20/-1 pseudorandom patterns.<>     

20 Gbit/s soliton transmission over transoceanic distances with a105 km amplifier span

20 Gbit/s soliton transmission over large distances (150000 km) is demonstrated in a recirculating loop with a record amplifier span of 105 km. For the first time, an electroabsorption modulator is used to provide the necessary in-line modulation control     

Error-free soliton transmission at 20 Gbit/s over 7150 km throughall-optical synchronous phase modulation

All-optical soliton synchronous phase modulation through transmission fibre is shown to enable error-free propagation of 20 Gbit/s signals up to 7150 km without the need for dispersion management. Tolerance to imperfect clock-signal synchronisation is characterised experimentally     

3.2-5 Gb/s, 100 km error-free soliton transmission with erbiumamplifiers and repeaters

For the transmissions, the transform-limited soliton pulse source is a gain-switched distributed-feedback laser diode with a narrowband spectral filter and erbium amplifiers. A LiNbO₃ light intensity modulator is used for pulse switching. The preemphasis technique for sending solitons over a long distance, in which an erbium optical repeater is installed every 25 km as a lumped amplifier, is used     

80 Gbit/s soliton data transmission over 500 km with unequalamplitude solitons for timing clock extraction

Single-polarisation 80 Gbit/s soliton data signals have been successfully transmitted over 500 km. The soliton source was a modelocked fibre laser and a planar lightwave circuit was used for stable optical multiplexing. A nonlinear loop mirror was used for demultiplexing, in which unequal amplitude solitons were used for clock extraction     

光孤子脉冲保形传输的数值分析与讨论

基于光孤子传输所遵从的非线性薛定谔方程(NLSE),参照相关的实验数据,借助MATLAB的计算和绘图功能对光孤子脉冲在普通单模石英光纤中得以保形传输的条件进行了数值模拟,得到了在给定光纤参数下孤子脉冲的截止脉宽。     

Field demonstration of soliton transmission at 10 Gbit/s over 2000km in Tokyo metropolitan optical loop network

Experimental field transmissions of solitons at 10 Gbit/s over 2000 km have been successfully demonstrated using part of the Tokyo metropolitan optical loop network. The network is composed of conventional dispersion-shifted 200 core optical fibre cable which was not originally intended for soliton transmission. However, with the dispersion-allocated soliton transmission technique, an error-free 13 ps soliton data train was successfully transmitted over 2000 km. The power penalty at a BER of 10^-10 was 3.1 dB     

1.7 Gbit/s transmission over 165 km of dispersion-shifted fibreusing spectrum-sliced fibre amplifier light source

The authors have demonstrated 1.7 Gbit/s transmission over 165 km of dispersion-shifted fibre using a spectrum-sliced fibre amplifier light source. To the authors' knowledge, this represents the largest bit-rate distance product (280 Gbit/s km) ever demonstrated using an incoherent light source. The dispersion penalty was very small (~0.3 dB) even at a wavelength 10 nm away from the dispersion-zero wavelength of the fibre     

100 Mb/s 12 km and 400 Mb/s 8 km optical-fibre transmission experiments

Nonrepeated optical-fibre transmissions, 100 Mb/s 12 km nonequalised and 400 Mb/s 8 km, at a wavelength of 830 nm have been realised experimentally by an extensive use of recently developed high-performance optical devices and fibres.     

Timing jitter due to carrier linewidth of laser-diode pulse sourcesin ultra-high speed soliton transmission

We theoretically analyze the timing jitter due to both the carrier phase noise of laser-diode (LD) pulse sources and the Gordon-Haus effect in soliton transmission. A formula is derived for the timing jitter in terms of the carrier linewidth, one of the measurable parameters common to all types of LD pulse sources. The transmission distance restricted by the timing jitter is analyzed, and the carrier linewidths required for ultra-long distance and ultra-high speed soliton transmission are estimated as well. Recirculating loop experiments at 10 Gb/s are demonstrated using two pulse sources; a gain-switched DFB-LD and a sinusoidally driven monolithically integrated MQW-DFB-LD/MQW-EA modulator, which have different carrier linewidths due to their different pulse formation processes. The difference in the carrier linewidths of the two pulse sources is measured by the proposed technique which is based on the optical heterodyne method. The observed difference between the two pulse sources in terms of timing jitter accumulation and timing jitter reduction with optical bandpass filters for the two pulse sources well support the theoretical predictions