分散剂对Nano-TiO2矿物基冷冻机油分散稳定性的影响

在制冷工质替代工程中，研究纳米粒子在矿物基冷冻机油中的分散稳定性对于解决氢氟烃（HFC）类工质与矿物基冷冻机油之间的相溶性问题有非常重要的意义．通过3组实验，分析了分散剂对纳米TiO2矿物基冷冻机油分散稳定性的重要作用，并比较了不同种类、不同质量百分含量的分散剂对纳米TiO2矿物基冷冻机油分散稳定性的影响．实验结果表明：当纳米TiO2的质量百分含量为0．1％、选择0．5％～0．7％的Span-80作为分散剂时，制备出的纳米TiO2矿物基冷冻机油的分散稳定性较为理想．     

NiFe2O4纳米冷冻机油对R134a饱和蒸气压的影响

利用稳态法,分别以R134a/冷冻机油、R134a/纳米冷冻机油为研究对象,对其饱和蒸气压进行实验研究.冷冻机油为SUNISO 3GS,在制冷剂/冷冻机油混合物中的质量分数分别为1%、3%和5%.纳米冷冻机油中纳米NiFe2O4的含量为3 g/L,实验温度范围为263～333 K.结果表明：当温度相同时纳米冷冻机油/R134a混合物的饱和蒸气压明显低于纯R134a,二者之间的差值随着含油量的增加而增大.     

含有冷冻机油制冷剂的饱和蒸气压实验研究

采用稳态法测量了含油制冷剂的饱和蒸气压．基于Youbi方程,对分别含有矿物基冷冻机油SUNISO3GS和POE冷冻机油160SZPOE的R22和R134a制冷剂饱和蒸气压的实验结果进行了拟合．为了了解影响含油制冷剂饱和蒸气压的主要因素,比较了两种冷冻机油及其不同质量分数对制冷剂饱和蒸气压的影响．结果表明,冷冻机油的质量分数和温度是影响冷冻机油对制冷剂饱和蒸气压作用的重要因素．     

NiFe2O4纳米冷冻机油的红外光谱分析

采用Nicolet 6700型傅立叶变换红外光谱仪对矿物基3GS纳米NiFe2O4冷冻机油的红外光谱进行采集,逐步分析了矿物基冷冻机油、试样空白纳米冷冻机油及纳米冷冻机油的红外光谱变化情况,并与POE冷冻机油160SZ的红外光谱进行了对比分析.发现促使POE油与R134a相溶的可能因素是脂肪族酸、脂肪族醚和脂肪族伯醇的存在,矿物基3GS纳米NiFe2O4冷冻机油中出现了与POE冷冻机油160SZ相似的吸收峰,使其与R134a的相溶性得到改善.     

纳米CuO冷冻机油对R134a饱和蒸气压的影响

采用稳态法,实验研究了纳米CuO冷冻机油对R134a制冷剂饱和蒸气压的影响.温度范围为:263～333 k;油浓度范围为:0～7wt%.结果表明:含有矿物纳米冷冻机油的R134a的饱和蒸气压低于相应的含矿物冷冻机油R134a或纯R134a的饱和蒸气压;矿物纳米冷冻机油对R134a饱和蒸气压的影响程度与相应的POE冷冻机油相当.实验结果佐证了纳米CuO粒子改善矿物冷冻机油和R134a的相溶性的假设.     

硅基底上制备纳米镍粒子

采用微波加热法在单晶硅基底上制备纳米镍粒子。考察了镍源、还原剂、表面活性剂、加热方式等实验条件对单晶硅基底上制备纳米镍粒子的影响。对硅基底上纳米镍粒子的成分、结构及表面形态进行了表征。结果表明:以水合肼为还原剂、氯化镍为镍源,微波加热3 min在硅基底上可以制备出直径为30 nm的均匀单一分布的纳米镍粒子。     

预分散纳米TiO2改性涂料的制备和性能表征

针对纳米TiO2在涂料中不易分散及分散稳定性差,易发生二次团聚的问题,依据纳米粒子在液相介质中的电空问位阻机理,采用机械分散、超声分散相结合的方法,制备出纳米TiO2预分散液,将此预分散液加入到涂料体系中制得纳米TiO2改性涂料,通过对预分散液的离心稳定性测试和粒度分析,对纳米改性涂料进行力学性能测试．结果表明,所制得的预分散液分散稳定性好,纳米TiO2平均粒径为170nm左右,同时改性涂料的铅笔硬度从5B提高至1B,耐擦洗性最高达到2．5万次．     

纳米HAP粒子在水介质中的分散稳定性研究

在水分散体系中采用化学沉淀法制备纳米羟基磷灰石（Hydroxyapatite，HAP）粒子，研究了分散介质pH值、稳定剂或表面改性剂及其分子量等因素对纳米粒子粒径及分散稳定性的影响，重点讨论了阴离子表面活性剂PAA-Na（聚丙烯酸纳）对纳米HAP溶胶分散稳定性的影响。同时对纳米HAP溶胶分散稳定性机理在理论上作了探讨。     

导向药物用纳米Fe3O4磁性粒子的制备及表征

采用化学共沉淀法先生成Fe3O4微粒，再将其分散于含有表面活性剂的水中的方法制备了纳米Fe3O4磁性粒子．通过双层表面活性剂包覆可使Fe3O4磁性粒子稳定分散于水中而不聚集．在反应溶液pH值为11～12，温度为60℃及油酸钠为第1层表面活性剂，十二烷基苯磺酸钠为第2层表面活性剂的条件下制备了粒径为36nm的Fe3O4磁性粒子．实验结果表明：反应溶液pH值和表面活性剂是影响Fe3O4磁性粒子稳定性、粒径和饱和磁化强度的主要因素；利用XRD和IR证实了Fe3O4磁性粒子中存在Fe3O4和表面活性刺结构．所制备的纳米级Fe3O4磁性粒子可用作导向药物的磁载体．     

纳米氧化铜微粒对冷冻机油粘度的影响

面对制冷行业提出的提高制冷系统能效,降低空调用能的要求现对纳米氧化铜微粒对冷冻机油粘度的影响进行了研究,通过降低冷冻机油的粘度来达到提高制冷系统能效的目的.实验通过锥-板粘度计分别对纯油、纯油＋纳米微粒溶胶、纯油＋表面活性剂及纯油＋表面活性剂＋纳米氧化铜溶胶四组流体进行了粘度测量并进行比较,结果发现纯油＋纳米氧化铜微粒不但不能够降低冷冻机油的粘度,反而可能会增加制冷系统的能耗;而纯油＋表面活性＋纳米氧化铜微粒的溶胶稳定性好,又能够降低冷冻机油的粘度,对于降低制冷系统的能耗有一定的参考价值.     

Effects of hydrothermal temperatures on properties of magnetic titanate nanotubes

NiFe2O4 dopeded with magnetic titanate nanotubes(MTNT)were prepared by a hydrothermal method using magnetic nanoparticles TiO2/SiO2/NiFe2O4 as the precursor.The effects of hydrothermal temperatures on their composition,morphologies and magnetic properties of products were characterized by transmission electron microscopy(TEM),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),vibration sample magnetometer(VSM)and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS).The results show that the hydrothermal temperature has a significant impact on the morphology of the products.The MTNT is synthesized in the temperature range of 120-160 ℃ and the inner diameter of MTNT is about 3-10 nm,the wall thickness 4-12nm and the length 100-200 nm.The components of MTNT are Na0.8H1.2Ti3O7 and a little of anatase TiO2 and NiFe2O4.The ferrimagnetisms and magnetic hysteresis phenomena are shown in the prepared MTNT.The hydrothermal temperature has no clear effect on the magnetic properties in the range of 120-180 ℃.The visible-light photo-catalytic activity of the products decreases as the temperature increases.The decolorization of methylene blue is 94.6% by the MTNT obtained at 120 ℃ and the recovery rate of MTNT is more than 95 percent.The MTNT has excellent photocatalytic activity and is easy to recovery.     

纳米Fe_3O_4粒子的制备及表面包覆

采用化学共沉淀法和氧化沉淀法制备磁性纳米Fe3O4粒子,并用柠檬酸三钠为表面活性剂包覆制备纳米Fe3O4粒子,同时利用包覆磁性粒子制备水基纳米磁性液体。对两种方法制备的纳米Fe3O4粒子的晶体结构、微观形貌及化学共沉淀法制备的Fe3O4在包覆前后等电点的变化进行了表征。结果表明,化学共沉淀法制备的纳米Fe3O4粒子平均粒径约为20 nm且分布比较均匀,表面活性剂包覆后,等电点由原来的pH=6.70移向pH=2.35,证实了Fe3O4粒子表面被柠檬酸离子所包覆,且制得的磁性液体的稳定性比较高;而氧化沉淀法制备Fe3O4纳米粒子粒径分布是从几十纳米到上百纳米,制得的磁性液体出现很明显的团聚。     

Study on the Properties of MetaIIophthalocyanine-Fe_3O_4 Nanoparticles Composite

The solubility , antioxidation ability, thermal stability, coercivity Hc and long term stability of MPc-Fe3O4-nanoparticles composite(M=Co, Cu, Ni, Mn) have been studied. The results show that MFc-Fe3O4 nanoparticles composite can be easily dissolved in dilute acid. The dissolving rate of different MPc-Fe3O4 nanoparticles composite is in the following order:M=Mn-M = Co相似文献   

Effect of Carrier Liquid on Electrorheological Performance and Stability of Oxalate Group-modified TiO_2 Suspensions

By using oxalate group-modified TiO_2 nanoparticles as the dispersing phase, different kinds of silicone oil with various viscosities and terminal groups(hydroxyl, hydrogen, and methyl) were used as the dispersing media to prepare different electrorheological(ER) fluids. Their zero-field viscosity, yield stress under direct current electric fields, ER efficiency, shear stability, leakage current density, and sedimentation stability were tested to study the effect of carrier liquid on the properties of ER fluids. The results indicate that the zerofield viscosity, the yield stress, and the leakage current density increase with increasing viscosity of the silicone oils. The effects of the viscosity on the ER efficiency, the shear stability, and the sedimentation ratio depend on the competition between the viscous resistance and the aggregation of the particles. Among the three ER fluids prepared with silicone oil with different terminal groups, hydroxyl-terminated oil based sample has the highest zero-field viscosity, the highest field-induced yield stress and ER efficiency, the largest current density, and the best sedimentation stability.     

Effect of CaO doping on corrosion resistance of Cu/(NiFe_2O_4-10NiO) cermet inert anode for aluminum electrolysis

The CaO-doped Cu/(NiFe2O4-10NiO) cermet inert anodes were prepared by the cold isostatic pressing-sintering process, and their corrosion resistance to Na3AlF6-K3AlF6-Al2O3 melt was studied. The results show that the relative density of 5Cu/(NiFe2O4-10NiO) cermet sintered at 1 200 ℃ increases from 82.83% to 97.63% when 2% CaO (mass fraction) is added. During the electrolysis, the relative density of cermet inert anode descends owing to the chemical dissolution of additive CaO at ceramic grain boundary, which...     

Effect of carrier liquid on electrorheological performance and stability of oxalate group-modified TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> suspensions

By using oxalate group-modified TiO₂ nanoparticles as the dispersing phase, different kinds of silicone oil with various viscosities and terminal groups (hydroxyl, hydrogen, and methyl) were used as the dispersing media to prepare different electrorheological (ER) fluids. Their zero-field viscosity, yield stress under direct current electric fields, ER efficiency, shear stability, leakage current density, and sedimentation stability were tested to study the effect of carrier liquid on the properties of ER fluids. The results indicate that the zero-field viscosity, the yield stress, and the leakage current density increase with increasing viscosity of the silicone oils. The effects of the viscosity on the ER efficiency, the shear stability, and the sedimentation ratio depend on the competition between the viscous resistance and the aggregation of the particles. Among the three ER fluids prepared with silicone oil with different terminal groups, hydroxyl-terminated oil based sample has the highest zero-field viscosity, the highest field-induced yield stress and ER efficiency, the largest current density, and the best sedimentation stability.