有机硅改性醇酸树脂的研制

介绍了有机硅改性醇酸树脂在合成过程及不同种类的催化剂、有机硅中间体和不同羟基含量的醇酸树脂对有机硅改性醇酸树脂性能的影响。     

有机硅改性水性醇酸树脂的制备及性能研究

以甲基三乙氧基硅烷(MTES)、正硅酸四乙酯(TEOS)等为主要原料合成有机硅低聚物,以亚麻油、三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)、1,2,4-苯三酸酐(TMA)等为主要原料合成醇酸树脂,再用有机硅低聚物对醇酸树脂进行改性,最终得到有机硅改性水性醇酸树脂。利用FT-IR、TGA、GPC等手段对其进行结构表征和性能测试。确定有机硅低聚物的合成温度为50℃,醇酸烘烤漆合成温度为230℃,引入亲水扩链剂的温度为180℃,终点酸值控制在45~60 mg(KOH)/g为最佳。水性醇酸树脂的平均粒径为15.09 nm,PDI为0.265,粒径分布集中存储稳定性能好。有机硅的引入增强了固化涂膜的热稳定性,涂膜失重20%时的温度由322℃提高到357℃。失重50%时的温度由475℃提高到621℃。有机硅质量分数为12%时,制备的水溶性有机硅改性水性醇酸树脂的性能最优。     

水性醇酸树脂改性的最新研究进展

简要介绍了水性醇酸树脂的特点,阐述了几种水性醇酸树脂的改性方法,如丙烯酸改性、聚氨酯改性、苯乙烯改性、环氧改性、纳米材料改性、有机硅改性和多种单体复合改性等,提出了水性醇酸树脂存在的问题并对应用前景进行了展望。     

国内改性醇酸树脂研究进展

介绍了醇酸树脂的组成和合成工艺,综述了国内醇酸树脂的改性研究进展,其中包括采用酸酯、酸酐、环氧树脂、有机硅、纳米材料改性等。     

自交联水性聚氨酯油的研究

以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、聚酯多元醇、醇酸树脂、二羟甲基丁酸等为原料,通过采用合适化学方法引入自交联单体及部分中、长油度醇酸树脂进行改性,合成了自交联水性聚氨酯油．本文在聚氨酯链段上引入了自交联单体及部分中、长油度醇酸树脂、有机硅氧烷,对得到的产物进行了表征及性能对比,制得了具有优良成膜性能、耐水性及力学性能的自交联水性聚氨酯油（OMU）．     

非离子改性水性醇酸树脂-丙烯酸树脂杂化体的制备及性能

首先用新戊二醇、间苯二甲酸–5–磺酸钠合成磺酸盐聚酯中间体,然后将其和非离子亲水单体（N120）、季戊四醇、豆油酸、邻苯二甲酸酐进行聚酯化反应合成水性醇酸树脂。再将水性醇酸树脂用丙烯酸酯单体进行自由基接枝聚合得到非离子改性水性醇酸树脂–丙烯酸树脂杂化体。用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、热重分析（TGA）对其结构进行了表征;探究了非离子亲水单体的用量、醇酸树脂分子量、油度、酸值对杂化体成膜性能和贮存稳定性的影响。结果显示：非离子亲水单体占水性醇酸树脂4%～8%（质量分数）、醇酸树脂分子量为2 200～2 500,油度为50%、杂化体酸值为10 mg KOH/g时制得的杂化体涂膜耐水性、干性、光泽及贮存稳定性最好。     

柔性硅丙外墙乳胶涂料的制备及性能研究

通过合理的乳胶粒子结构设计,采用有机硅单体对乳胶粒子的壳层进行改性,合成出核壳型柔性硅丙乳液。研究了乳胶粒子结构,有机硅单体含量对乳液制备过程,乳胶膜及其配制涂料性能的影响。研究结果表明：乳胶粒子设计成硬核软壳型,有机硅用量占单体总量5%,所得乳液制备的柔性硅丙外墙乳胶涂料各项性能良好。     

丙烯酸改性有机硅树脂涂层表面微结构的制备与表征

采用丙烯酸类单体对含可聚合双键的有机硅预聚物进行改性,合成丙烯酸改性有机硅树脂。使用三乙烯四胺固化后,涂层表面形成规律性的微结构形貌,微结构的存在使得改性树脂涂层表面的静态水接触角比纯硅树脂的大,疏水性增强。当有机硅预聚物与丙烯酸类单体含量比为1∶1、丙烯酸类单体中丙烯腈含量为15%~25%时,改性树脂涂层表面微结构形貌规律性较好。海水浸泡实验表明,丙烯酸改性有机硅树脂涂层表面微结构形貌较稳定,且附着力较好,可适应长期海水浸泡环境。     

有机硅改性醇酸船壳涂料的研究

研究了有机硅改性醇酸树脂的合成及船壳涂料的制备,考察了有机硅改性醇酸船壳涂料的耐候性,并与传统船壳涂料进行了对比试验.     

水性丙烯酸改性醇酸树脂的研制

采用以豆油酸、三羟甲基丙烷、间苯二甲酸、顺丁烯二酸酐、苯甲酸为原料合成基础醇酸树脂,然后将丙烯酸单体、苯乙烯单体、甲基丙烯酸甲酯与其接枝共聚,再用胺中和后制得水性丙烯酸改性醇酸树脂,该树脂水溶性优异、颜色浅、干率好,耐候性获得极大提高。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.