巴西圆盘劈裂破坏的近场动力学建模与分析

基于非局部近场动力学（Peridynamics,PD）理论,对含预置裂纹的混凝土巴西圆盘劈裂破坏问题进行建模分析.将结构离散为包含混凝土材料信息的粒子,引入动态松弛、分级加载和失衡力守恒等粒子系统数值算法,构建可以自然模拟脆性裂纹扩展的PD算法体系.对含不同角度单预置中心裂纹巴西圆盘的裂纹扩展过程进行数值模拟,所得结果与试验结果吻合较好,验证所提出的模型和算法正确.进一步采用该方法模拟双预置裂纹巴西圆盘劈裂破坏过程中的裂纹扩展、交汇、贯通过程,通过将所得模拟结果与试验结果进行比较分析,探究该方法处理多裂纹扩展问题的可行性.     

基于神经网络的裂纹扩展过程预测

提出基于神经网络的裂纹扩展过程实时预测方法,其计算效率比近场动力学(peridynamic,PD)模型提高.使用PD算法获取裂纹扩展过程中的损伤云图,构建裂纹扩展数据集.基于数据集构建生成对抗网络(generative adversarial networks,GAN)模型,根据不同加载条件实时生成损伤云图,从而快速预测裂纹的扩展过程.将PD模型计算得到的损伤云图中的RGB值与相应位置处的损伤值结合,构建多层前馈神经网络模型的数据库,并使用多层前馈神经网络模型分析GAN模型产生的损伤云图,得到相应的损伤值.通过数值算例证明该方法的效率和准确性.     

混凝土板裂纹扩展的态型近场动力学模拟

构建考虑混凝土拉压异性和宏观断裂特征的混凝土类材料非局部态型近场动力学本构模型,并通过引入动态松弛、系统失衡判断和力边界等效等算法,构建适于分析混凝土类材料和结构变形破坏过程的态型近场动力学数值模拟体系.通过分组模拟和定量计算,分析算法的收敛性、计算精度和效率等问题;在此基础上开展含不同角度中心裂纹混凝土板的破坏模拟.     

混凝土水力劈裂的数值模拟

针对混凝土坝越来越高,越来越容易产生水力劈裂的问题,总结已有混凝土水力劈裂问题的研究成果,结合水力劈裂的发生条件、在水压作用下混凝土裂缝的开展以及影响水力劈裂作用的因素,探讨水力劈裂数值模拟的方法.比较有限元法、扩展有限元法和无单元法在水力劈裂数值模拟问题应用上的优点与不足,并分析数值模拟模型建立过程中参数设置的差别.结果表明,必须从坝材料、施工和水压等多方面考虑才能确保水力劈裂数值模拟结果的可靠性.     

等几何分析与近场动力学耦合的壳结构裂纹扩展仿真算法

提出适用于壳结构裂纹扩展仿真的等几何分析(isogeometric analysis, IGA)与近场动力学(peridynamic, PD)耦合模型,采用非均匀有理B样条(non-uniform rational B-spline, NURBS)函数精确描述几何模型,将整个模型分为裂纹扩展区域和非扩展区域。将裂纹扩展区域设置为近场动力学区域,基于非连续伽辽金(discontinuous Galerkin, DG)有限元离散的PD Reissner-Mindlin(R-M)壳模型进行计算;在非扩展区域采用等几何分析R-M壳模型进行计算。基于力和力矩平衡原理,进行2个区域的耦合。IGA-PD壳耦合模型可以准确模拟壳结构中的裂纹扩展、分叉和合并过程,可提高计算效率。采用标准算例验证所提出算法的效率和准确性。     

煤层水力压裂过程“三场”演化规律特征

根据固液耦合方程与Mohr-Coulomb准则,对煤层水力压裂过程进行了数值模拟,研究了煤层裂纹扩展过程中渗流场、应力场和裂隙场("三场")的演化过程,结果表明,水力压裂过程中"三场"连续动态变化,水压力是裂隙扩展的动力,裂隙的扩展引起裂隙损伤增加、渗流场以裂隙为中心逐渐扩大、应力场逐渐分化出高应力与低应力区域,最终在主裂隙的垂直方向上形成低应力-高渗透性区域,达到卸压增透效果。     

水力压裂过程中微环隙的产生和扩展的数值模拟

套管-水泥环-地层两两界面的密封失效致使高压气体上窜至井口而引起环空带压,给油气田的勘探开发带来安全和环保隐患.采用Abaqus的黏弹性损伤cohesive孔压单元建立套管-水泥环-地层界面水力压裂过程中压裂液周向窜流的有限元模型,对水力压裂过程中微环隙的产生和扩展的数值模拟进行分析.结果表明:只要第一界面或者第二界面胶结强度小于地层的抗拉强度,不论射孔方位大小,井眼周围均会产生微环隙.在油气田完井时需要合理确定水泥石的强度参数,以避免微环隙的产生.     

陶瓷复合结构抗侵彻行为的近场动力学研究

使用近场动力学常规态理论对于弹体高速侵彻陶瓷/金属复合靶板进行了数值仿真,并讨论了态理论中的适用性问题.分别采用弹性和J2率无关弹塑性本构模型进行了陶瓷/金属靶板的PD建模,模拟了刚性弹体高速侵彻陶瓷复合靶板的过程,获得了弹体的速度时程曲线、靶板的破坏模式及靶板飞溅的情况,并将仿真结果与有限元结果及实验对比.采用不同的影响函数及近场作用范围计算得到靶板的裂纹扩展模式.结果表明通过采用合适的本构模型PD方法可以有效准确地模拟复合靶板受弹体高速侵彻的全过程,存在较优的影响函数与近场作用范围使得计算结果准确.     

基于二次插值重构有限元法的动态裂纹扩展模拟

基于二次插值重构有限元法（Twice interpolation Finite Element Method, TFEM）分析动态断裂力学问题并进行数值实验,考察TFEM在裂纹动态扩展模拟中的准确性和可靠性.由于TFEM保证节点处梯度场的连续性,因此裂尖附近的应力场可以得到较好的逼近.把该算法成功移植到自主开发的三维裂纹扩展仿真软件（ZonCrack）中.利用ZonCrack进行的裂纹扩展,分析结果表明：TFEM得到裂尖应力强度因子（Stress Intensity Factor, SIF)与解析解基本一致;裂纹扩展的模拟结果与实验值吻合良好.     

孔边角疲劳裂纹的扩展仿真及分析

给出了一种利用有限元技术模拟周期性张力载荷作用下孔边角裂纹扩展过程的方法。首先利用一系列点定义裂纹前沿,据此形成包含奇异单元的二维有限元网格,再扩展为三维网格．然后利用有限元法进行应力应变分析,最后使用Paris定律计算局部扩展增量．以此来更新裂纹的形状和尺寸。该方法还能够自动地重复执行扩展仿真。文中还对三个不同半径的四分之一椭圆形边角裂纹扩展过程进行了仿真和分析比较,以此来取得裂纹在扩展过程中的形状变化特征和不同方向上扩展的特征。     

Numerical modeling of crack reorientation and link-up

The FRANC3D/BES software system has been used to simulate the reorientation and link-up of hydraulic fractures in three-dimensional (3D) problems. The adopted technique only needs to discretize the body surface and the crack surface. The crack propagation direction is determined using the minimum strain energy criterion. Crack propagation amount is calculated using the mode I stress intensity factor. In hydraulic fracturing, the number of multiple cracks for a given number of perforations depends on the resulting interaction of the cracks. The interaction may be expressed by the fracture stiffness which has been obtained for 3D problems in this paper.     

Peridynamics‐Based Fracture Animation for Elastoplastic Solids

In this paper, we exploit the use of peridynamics theory for graphical animation of material deformation and fracture. We present a new meshless framework for elastoplastic constitutive modelling that contrasts with previous approaches in graphics. Our peridynamics‐based elastoplasticity model represents deformation behaviours of materials with high realism. We validate the model by varying the material properties and performing comparisons with finite element method (FEM) simulations. The integral‐based nature of peridynamics makes it trivial to model material discontinuities, which outweighs differential‐based methods in both accuracy and ease of implementation. We propose a simple strategy to model fracture in the setting of peridynamics discretization. We demonstrate that the fracture criterion combined with our elastoplasticity model could realistically produce ductile fracture as well as brittle fracture. Our work is the first application of peridynamics in graphics that could create a wide range of material phenomena including elasticity, plasticity, and fracture. The complete framework provides an attractive alternative to existing methods for producing modern visual effects.     

Adjoint design sensitivity analysis of dynamic crack propagation using peridynamic theory

Based on the peridynamics of the reformulated continuum theory, an adjoint design sensitivity analysis (DSA) method is developed for the solution of dynamic crack propagation problems using the explicit scheme of time integration. Non-shape DSA problems are considered for the dynamic crack propagation including the successive branching of cracks. The adjoint variable method is generally suitable for path-independent problems but employed in this bond-based peridynamics since its path is readily available. Since both original and adjoint systems possess time-reversal symmetry, the trajectories of systems are symmetric about the u-axis. We take advantage of the time-reversal symmetry for the efficient and concurrent computation of original and adjoint systems. Also, to improve the numerical efficiency of large scale problems, a parallel computation scheme is employed using a binary space decomposition method. The accuracy of analytical design sensitivity is verified by comparing it with the finite difference one. The finite difference method is susceptible to the amount of design perturbations and could result in inaccurate design sensitivity for highly nonlinear peridynamics problems with respect to the design. It is demonstrated that the peridynamic adjoint sensitivity involving history-dependent variables can be accurate only if the path of the adjoint response analysis is identical to that of the original response.     

基于XFEM的折弯片断裂仿真

采用Abaqus的XFEM功能对折弯片的断裂问题进行仿真,断裂区为转角处的过渡区域.转角处圆弧的半径影响裂纹的开裂时间.裂纹的扩展路径具有任意性,细化网格下裂纹扩展方向不稳定,会超出断裂区.1阶单元和1阶减缩积分单元的分析结果比较接近.通用静态分析比动态隐式分析效率更高一些.在端部压力的作用下,折弯片约在1 ms内开裂,8 ms完全断开.Cohesive element算法的裂纹路径较LEFM方法更平滑一些.     

A hybrid finite element-scaled boundary finite element method for crack propagation modelling

This study develops a novel hybrid method that combines the finite element method (FEM) and the scaled boundary finite element method (SBFEM) for crack propagation modelling in brittle and quasi-brittle materials. A very simple yet flexible local remeshing procedure, solely based on the FE mesh, is used to accommodate crack propagation. The crack-tip FE mesh is then replaced by a SBFEM rosette. This enables direct extraction of accurate stress intensity factors (SIFs) from the semi-analytical displacement or stress solutions of the SBFEM, which are then used to evaluate the crack propagation criterion. The fracture process zones are modelled using nonlinear cohesive interface elements that are automatically inserted into the FE mesh as the cracks propagate. Both the FEM’s flexibility in remeshing multiple cracks and the SBFEM’s high accuracy in calculating SIFs are exploited. The efficiency of the hybrid method in calculating SIFs is first demonstrated in two problems with stationary cracks. Nonlinear cohesive crack propagation in three notched concrete beams is then modelled. The results compare well with experimental and numerical results available in the literature.     

煤层顶板深孔“钻-切-压”预裂防冲技术试验研究

针对现有顶板定向水力压裂技术中缝槽预制工序繁琐、成缝质量差的问题,提出钻孔、高压水射流切缝、高压水力压裂(钻-切-压)一体化预裂顶板防冲技术,并在葫芦素煤矿进行了试验研究。试验结果表明:“钻-切-压”一体化技术与装备在不退钻杆的前提下能够进行人工切槽,并采用单孔后退式多次压裂,提高了施工效率;使用的对称双孔型高压射流器能够高效形成4~5 mm宽度的人工缝槽,增大了切缝效果,并降低了压裂时裂缝起裂压力,扩展了压裂半径,单轴抗压强度为50~60 MPa的顶板岩层,单次压裂半径最大可达15 m;“钻-切-压”技术弱化顶板使得巷道围岩应力水平降低,临空巷道附近高能微震事件数量大幅减少,微震频次和能量无急剧变化,保证了工作面顺利回采。