傅立叶变换红外光谱法在纤维分析中的应用

本文综述了傅立叶变换红外光谱法在纤维分析中的应用与进展。内容涉及衰减全反射和漫反射傅立叶变换红外光谱法,傅立叶变换红外光声光谱法、显微傅立叶变换红外光谱法,傅立叶变换红外光谱仪与各种仪器的联用,以及计算机技术的应用与发展。     

核磁共振技术及其应用进展

核磁共振技术是有机物结构测定的有力手段,不破坏样品,是一种无损检测技术.从连续波核磁共振波谱发展为脉冲傅立叶变换波谱,从传统一维谱到多维谱,技术不断发展,应用领域也越广泛.核磁共振技术在有机分子结构测定中扮演了非常重要的角色,核磁共振谱与紫外光谱、红外光谱和质谱一起被有机化学家们称为"四大名谱".     

漫反射傅立叶变换红外光谱法测定苏联纤维的主体结构

自红外光增产生以来,就被广泛地应用于高聚物材料的鉴定中,并取得了极大的成效.近年来,傅立叶变换红外光谱的广泛应用,以及各种反射附件的应用,使得高聚物材料的分析鉴定工作更加快速和全面.目前,纤维鉴定多采用显微镜及红外光谱法进行定性鉴定.用红外光谱法检验纤维的制样方法有两种:(1)破坏纤维外形的制样方法,如KBr压片、溶液铸膜、糊剂是浮、热压铸膜.冷压膜、热解和水解;(2)保留纤维外形的制样方法,如用各种反射元件及IR-PAS方法进行测定.其中第一种方法制样复杂费时,而第二种方法简单、快速、方便.     

傅立叶变换近红外光谱仪在聚醚多元醇羟基含量分析中的应用

傅立叶变换近红外光谱分析技术用于聚醚多元醇羟基含量的分析,具有分析速度快,操作简单,达到了及时指导生产的要求,是值得推广的一种实用技术。     

PVA—MA酯化交联和用的FT—IR研究

运用傅立叶变换红外光谱对聚乙烯醇－马来酸酯化交联作用进行了研究。ＰＶＡ－Ｍ交联膜在ＩＲ的１７５０－１７００ｃｍ＾－１处产生了ｖｃ＝０吸收峰。该峰是由交联酯,单酯,游离羧其中３种羰基的伸缩振动吸收所组成,随ＭＡ用量的变化在而变化。通过三重峰的相对面积变化,可直接了解酯化交联的作用情况。     

傅立叶变换红外光谱仪（FTIR）在矿物含量分析中的应用

本文介绍了利用傅立叶变换红外光谱仪测量矿物含量的方法。首先利用石英、长石、方解石、白云石、高岭石等14种沉积岩中的常见矿物制作了49组矿物混合物,这些混合物中各矿物的相对含量已知并符合各矿物在沉积岩中的分布规律。然后利用FTIR测量各组混合物中矿物的相对含量,结果表明该方法测量的误差在±2.6%以内。最后列举了2个利用FTIR方法进行矿物定量分析的实例,说明这种方法的精确性以及优势。     

泥煤吸附镍前后的傅立叶变换红外光谱

在不同pH下泥煤多次吸附镍,用傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）研究了泥煤与镍元素作用前后的光谱特征．结果表明,pH对泥煤的影响较大;泥煤的红外光谱与腐植酸相似;泥煤与镍元素结合后的红外光谱中归属于1711cm^-1的羧酸二聚体吸收峰减小甚至消失,同时归属于COO^-的1610cm^-1和1410cm^-1处的振动吸收增强,说明泥煤中的羧基与镍离子发生了配合作用,旦大部分是双齿结构．     

人体胆结石的红外光谱研究

采用傅立叶变换红外光谱结合化学分析法对体胆结石样品进行了成分鉴定,分离的研究。结果表明：本法能快速有铲地确认胆结石样品中的主要成份     

基于小波变换和加Hanning窗FFT的谐波检测新方法

采用一种基于小波变换与加Hanning窗的傅立叶算法相结合的谐波检测新方法,对大石桥市宏贺钢厂的10kV线路实测数据的检测分析,获得预期计算结果,证明该方法在电网谐波检测领域具有可行性和实用性。     

七种降压类中药的红外光谱研究

选取七种具有降血压作用的中药材,以傅立叶变换红外光谱法研究其指纹图谱,分析这几种中药材红外谱图中相似的吸收峰的归属,通过比较,得出它们所含有的降压成分与2928、1645、1520、1455、1417、1150、1080、1025、851、770、668、567cm-1附近的吸收峰对应的某几个官能团有关。     

Calcium silicate hydrate—in-situ development of the silicate structure followed by infrared spectroscopy

In the current study, the development of the silicate structure of synthetic calcium silicate hydrates with different calcium contents was followed by in-situ infrared (IR) spectroscopy and correlated to the in-situ phase development evaluated by X-ray diffraction (XRD). A baseline correction method initially developed for X-ray diffractograms was successfully adapted for the complex background of the fingerprint region in in-situ IR, which significantly contributed to signal quality and reproducibility. The development of separate silicate infrared bands could be monitored over 24 h of reaction. These bands could be assigned to oligomeric and dimeric species based on their time and stoichiometry-dependent development. It was clearly shown that the main peak of the dimeric silicate species was overlooked in the literature. The correlation of time-dependent events to in-situ XRD revealed that changes in the unit cell of calcium silicate hydrate are related to silicate polymerization. The results were compared to ²⁹Si-MAS-NMR, which highlighted the benefits of in-situ IR spectroscopy.     

小分子有机化合物对聚氯乙烯结晶度的影响

通过傅里叶转换红外光谱、差示扫描量热法及广角X射线衍射法研究了乙酰苯胺、己二酸和邻苯二甲酸氢钾与聚氯乙烯(PVC)的相容性及对聚氯乙烯结晶度的影响。研究结果表明,各添加剂均与PVC有一定相容性,但己二酸与PVC的相容性较小。乙酰苯胺、己二酸和邻苯二甲酸氢钾可以使PVC结晶度增大。混合体系中PVC结晶相的分子链均为平面锯齿状构型。乙酰苯胺和己二酸可以增大PVC无定形相的分子链构象的稳定性,而邻苯二甲酸氢钾则使无定形相分子链构象稳定性减小。三者对PVC的晶型无影响,均为正交晶系。     

中红外光谱法快速测定汽油中的碳酸二甲酯

运用日本岛津公司生产的傅里叶红外光谱仪对汽油及碳酸二甲酯进行扫描,获得不受其它组分干扰的碳酸二甲酯的特征吸收峰;并根据朗伯-比尔定律,对碳酸二甲酯进行定量分析。结果表明,傅里叶中红外光谱法可以准确测定汽油中的碳酸二甲酯,该方法具有分析速度快、重复性好、分析成本低等优点。     

傅立叶变换红外光谱法剖析未知结垢物

采用傅立叶变换红外光谱法对生产装置产生的未知物进行剖析研究,结果表明,用红外光谱法可以测定出该未知物的组成。并且该方法分析速度快,重现性好,成本低,结果令人满意。     

中红外光谱法快速测定汽油中的乙酸仲丁酯

运用IR Affinity-1型傅里叶变换红外光谱仪对汽油及乙酸仲丁酯进行扫描,获得不受其它组分干扰的乙酸仲丁酯的特征吸收峰;并根据朗伯-比尔定律,对乙酸仲丁酯进行定量分析。结果表明,傅里叶中红外光谱法可以准确测定汽油中的乙酸仲丁酯,该方法具有分析速度快、重复性好、分析成本低等优点。     

二维椭圆介质柱光折变光子晶体的制作

对6个点光源进行光学傅里叶变换,在自散焦光折变掺铁铌酸锂晶体中成功制作了具有100余条椭圆柱阵列波导。研究表明,这些阵列波导构成了大带隙的椭圆柱光子晶体。测得沿着椭圆长轴、短轴方向的晶格常数分别26um和15um。     

红外光谱法快速鉴定聚氯乙烯塑料中增塑剂

应用傅立叶变换红外光谱法实现了塑料中邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂的快速鉴别。对增塑剂的定性采用了衰减全反射技术,用硒化锌（ZnSe）为晶体材料。用溶解-沉淀法对试样进行分离和纯化,所用溶剂为四氢呋喃,沉淀剂为无水乙醇。经过此方法,聚合物与增塑剂达到很好的分离和纯化。     

A FREQUENCY DOMAIN APPROACH FOR THE ESTIMATION OF PARAMETERS OF SPATIO‐TEMPORAL STATIONARY RANDOM PROCESSES

A frequency domain methodology is proposed for estimating parameters of covariance functions of stationary spatio‐temporal processes. Finite Fourier transforms of the processes are defined at each location. Based on the joint distribution of these complex valued random variables, an approximate likelihood function is constructed. The sampling properties of the estimators are investigated. It is observed that the expectation of these transforms can be considered to be a frequency domain analogue of the classical variogram. We call this measure frequency variogram. The method is applied to simulated data and also to Pacific wind speed data considered earlier by Cressie and Huang (1999). The proposed method does not depend on the distributional assumptions about the process.     

Miscibility and specific interactions in blends of poly(4-vinylphenol-co-methyl methacrylate)/poly(styrene-co-4-vinylpyridine)

The miscibility and phase behavior of poly(4-vinylphenol-co-methyl methacrylate) (PVPhMMA50) containing 50% of methyl methacrylate with random copolymers of poly(styrene-co-4-vinylpyridine) (PS4VPy) containing 5, 15, 30, 40, and 100% of 4-vinylpyridine, respectively, were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was shown that for a composition of 4-vinylpyridine less than 30%, all blends of PVPhMMA50/PS4VPy are immiscible, characterized by the apparition of two glass transitions (T_g) over their entire composition range. However, above this composition, a single T_g has been observed in all the blends of PVPhMMA50 and PS4VPy. When the amount of vinylpyridine exceeds to 40% in PS4VPy, the obtained T_gs of PVPhMMA50/PS4VPy blends were found to be significantly higher than those observed for each individual component of the mixture indicating that these blends are able to form interpolymer complexes. FTIR analysis reveals the existence of preferential specific interactions via hydrogen bonding between the hydroxyl and pyridyl groups and intensifies when the amount of 4VPy is increased in PS4VPy copolymers. Furthermore, the quantitative FTIR study carried out for PVPhMMA50/PS4VPy blends was also performed for the vinylphenol and vinylpyridine functional groups. These results were also confirmed by SEM study. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

傅立叶变换红外光谱法鉴别几种纤维材质

采用傅立叶变换红外光谱仪对几种纤维的材质进行了鉴别,经对比红外光谱图,确认了几种纤维的材质为等规聚丙烯。