共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 50 毫秒
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以钕和铈作为放射性铀和钚的模拟核素,采用碱激发和水热法制备了模拟中放α废液"碱-矿渣-粉煤灰-煅烧高岭土"水合陶瓷固化体。研究了固化体的结构组成、力学性能、抗侵蚀性和化学稳定性。结果表明:固化体的主要晶相组成为方沸石和NaPl沸石;在水热条件下,固化体中掺入模拟中放α废液后有利于沸石晶相的形成。抗压强度测试表明,固化体中废物包容量达到40%左右时仍能满足水泥固化体抗压强度的要求。固化体经硫酸盐介质和地下水侵蚀28 d后,其抗压强度损失较少,外观没有裂纹和龟裂,说明固化体具有较好的的抗硫酸盐和地下水侵蚀性能。另外,静态浸出测试结果表明,Nd和Ce的浸出率在10~(-8)~10~(-6)cm/d范围,说明固化体具有优良的化学稳定性。 相似文献
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将600目(23μm)和1 000目(13μm)煤系偏高岭土按照0%、5%、10%、15%(质量分数)的掺量分别掺入混凝土,通过强度测试、XRD、TG-DTG、SEM-EDS和氮吸附试验等研究了煤系偏高岭土细度和掺量对混凝土力学性能和微观结构的影响。结果表明:偏高岭土的掺入显著提高了混凝土的力学性能,当偏高岭土细度为1 000目、掺量为15%时,混凝土的抗压强度最大,90 d抗压强度达到了81 MPa;水化产物主要由氢氧化钙、钙矾石、类水滑石及水化硅酸钙(C-S-H)凝胶等组成,掺入偏高岭土并未改变水化产物种类,但是增加了水化产物中C-S-H凝胶的产生量,同时降低了氢氧化钙的含量。偏高岭土与水泥水化产物氢氧化钙发生二次水化生成C-S-H凝胶,提高混凝土致密性,这是偏高岭土能够增强混凝土力学性能的主要原因。 相似文献
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试验测定了普通玻镁外墙挂板、掺加复合抗水外加剂和矿物掺合料的高性能玻镁外墙挂板在自然和浸水状态下的弯曲力学性能和变形性能,并运用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)分析了水化产物的组成和微观结构特征.结果表明:在浸水条件下,普通玻镁外墙挂板的主要水化产物5 ·1·8相发生了分解,破坏了微观结构,导致其抗弯强度降低;而掺加复合抗水外加剂和矿物掺合料的高性能玻镁外墙挂板的水化产物5·1·8相保持稳定,微观结构未发生变化,显示出较高的抗水性.因此,玻镁外墙挂板的水化产物组成和微观结构的稳定性是确保其抗水性的重要前提. 相似文献
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碱激发胶凝材料是一种新型低碳材料,其液相环境的碱度普遍高于水泥基材料,势必导致碱骨料反应引起的体积变形不同于水泥基材料。为探究碱激发胶凝材料的碱骨料反应行为与液相碱度的关系,选取花岗岩为代表性骨料制备碱激发偏高岭土-矿渣砂浆,研究在不同浓度NaOH溶液浸泡下的砂浆变形行为。结合微观分析表明,碱激发胶凝材料的体积收缩能很好地抑制碱骨料反应产生的膨胀,不同浸泡条件下碱激发偏高岭土-矿渣砂浆会呈现不同的变形行为。碱激发偏高岭土-矿渣砂浆的膨胀是由碱骨料反应生成产物以及原类沸石结构的水化硅铝酸钠凝胶向沸石结构转化所造成的。当碱激发胶凝材料的孔溶液氢氧根离子浓度大于0.209 mol/L时,碱骨料反应会发生。 相似文献
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采用SEM、XRD研究了玻璃粉水泥浆的初期水化产物、浆体结构.并用化学结合水量和有效结合水法来定性和定量分析玻璃粉对水化初期复合体系及水泥的促进或抑制作用以及作用程度.研究表明:在水化反应初期(1d内),因为玻璃粉的掺入既由此而产生的稀释作用使有效水灰比增加而产生的对水泥熟料水化的促进作用,因此,硅酸盐水泥熟料的水化程度较高,但从整体来看,大掺量(50%)的玻璃粉延缓了复合胶凝材料总水化程度;水化开始(6 h~1 d)时,水化反应开始加速进行,水化产物的数量迅速增加,主要为纤维状CSH凝胶、针棒状钙矾石晶体和Ca(OH)2,这些水化产物彼此间相互搭接、交错生长,部分未水化的水泥颗粒镶嵌其中,并将玻璃粉粘结成整体,构成体系骨架. 相似文献
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前言随着电子设备的高速、高性能及小型轻量化。半导体元件的散热成了一个重要的问题。因此常采用高热导率的半导体基板材料或强制冷却的方式作为散热的措施。在本文中,对在传统的高热导率陶瓷 相似文献
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针对CO2易腐蚀硅酸盐水泥石、破坏水泥石结构完整性、诱发层间封隔失效等问题,本文利用矿渣改性铝酸钙水泥,研究了铝酸钙水泥-矿渣体系在60、80、100、120℃和纯CO2条件下的抗压强度变化规律,并采用X射线衍射仪、热重分析仪和扫描电子显微镜测试了CO2腐蚀对铝酸钙水泥-矿渣体系水化产物及微观结构的影响。结果表明:与纯铝酸钙水泥石相比,矿渣使铝酸钙水泥石水化产物转变为C2ASH8,大幅提高了水泥石早期抗压强度。当铝酸钙水泥与矿渣质量比为5∶5时,60℃养护14 d的铝酸钙水泥抗压强度提高了215.4%。经CO2腐蚀后,铝酸钙水泥-矿渣体系水化产物由C2ASH8转变为C2AS,并有CaCO3生成,腐蚀层的致密程度增加,相同温度下水泥石的抗压强度随腐蚀时间增加而增大。 相似文献
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Novel Utilization of Fly Ash for High‐Temperature Mortars: Phase Composition,Microstructure and Performances Correlation 下载免费PDF全文
Anja Terzić Ljubica Pavlović Zagorka Radojević Vladimir Pavlović Vojislav Mitić 《International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology》2015,12(1):133-146
In this study, the feasibility of using fly ash to manufacture high‐temperature mortars was investigated. The investigation was set to define preliminary characteristics of new types of mortars based on ordinary and/or refractory cement with fly ash addition, and to establish mutual correlation between thermally induced changes of mineral phases, microstructure, and final performances of the mortars. New mortars, made up of 21% cement (PC‐CEM I 42.5R/HAC‐Secar 70/71), 70% river sand, and 9% fly ash, were chemically, physically, and mechanically characterized to determine possibilities of fly ash re‐utilization for high‐temperature purposes. The fly ash samples, which originated from four different power plants, were mechanically activated. Mortars were heat‐treated up to 1300°C in a laboratory tunnel furnace with retention time 2 h. Thermal stability of crystalline phases were studied by differential thermal analysis (DTA); thermally induced changes in mineral phase composition were analyzed by XRD; and microstructure were investigated by scanning electron microscopy. Correlated results of DTA, XRD, and SEM analyses indicated initiation of sintering processes at approximately 1300°C and formation of thermally stable minerals (rankinite, gehlenite, anorthite, cristobalite). The investigation highlights a sustainable approach of using fly ash in developing ecofriendly mortars for high‐temperature application. 相似文献
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用交流阻抗、差热分析等技术研究了不同矿物掺合料组成和水胶比下,UHPC基体的组成与微观孔结构关系.结果表明,矿粉与硅灰的掺入可以极大地改善基体的孔隙结构.在粉煤灰和矿粉最密堆积下,UHPC基体的体积电阻随着硅灰掺量的增加而增加,当硅灰掺量大于20%,低水胶比时,基体的体积电阻达到相对最大值.当水胶比大于0.18时,UHPC基体的体积电阻随着水胶比的增大而减小.通过孔隙吸水率研究表明,在热养护2 d条件下,UHPC基体的孔隙吸水率总体上随着硅灰掺量的减少以及水胶比的增大而增加,在水胶比0.22以下孔隙结构可能开始不连通.差热分析的研究表明,硅灰的掺入降低了Ca(OH)2含量,增加了C-S-H凝胶含量,说明硅灰通过发生火山灰反应改善UHPC基体的孔隙结构,在掺量大于20%、水胶比相对较低的情况下连通孔隙最少,达到最优孔隙结构. 相似文献
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Preparation of Alkali‐Activated Slag‐Fly Ash‐Metakaolin Hydroceramics for Immobilizing Simulated Sodium‐Bearing Waste 下载免费PDF全文
Jin Wang Junxia Wang Yi Huang Kuibao Zhang Yuxiang Li Xiuling Wu 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2015,98(5):1393-1399
The radioactive sodium‐bearing waste (SBW), which is mainly generated from spent nuclear fuel reprocessing activities, requires to be stabilized into a solid form for geological disposal. In this study, the alkali‐activated slag–fly ash–metakaolin hydroceramic (ASFMH) waste form for solidifying simulated SBW (S‐SBW) was prepared by hydrothermal process. The mineralogy, morphology, composition, compressive strength, and chemical durability of ASFMH waste form were investigated. It is shown that crystalline analcime phase was formed in the hydration products of ASFMH waste form after alkaline activation and hydrothermal process. The introducing of S‐SBW not only contributed to forming crystalline zeolite phase but also reduced the temperature and time for forming zeolite phase. Importantly, the cations including simulated radionuclides Sr2+ and Cs+ in S‐SBW could be immobilized as cationic components in the channels or voids of zeolitic structure during the formation of analcime phase. Moreover, when the loading content of S‐SBW in ASFMH waste form was 37.5 wt%, ASFMH waste form still exhibited superior mechanical strength, which was higher than 24 MPa. The product consistency test leaching results showed that ASFMH waste form possessed superior chemical durability after leaching test carried out for 7 d. It is suggested that ASFMH waste form is a promising candidate for application in immobilizing SBW. 相似文献