棉织物热转移印花中分散红60皂洗变色分析

结合皂洗牢度和反射率曲线考察了棉织物上分散红60的皂洗变色现象和助色基团对皂洗变色程度的影响；通过电子透射和衍射图分析了染料在棉纤维中的状态和分布。结果表明，导致分散红60皂洗变色的主要原因是蒽醌环上电负性(助色基团)分布不均及晶体在纤维中的重排。     

夫朗和费圆孔衍射的傅立叶分析法

用傅立叶变换分析法推导了夫朗和费圆孔衍射接收屏上的光强度分布。比较了其和用解析法推导出的光强分布，讨论了上述两种不同方法所得出的结果。     

蓝色荧光对钻石颜色分级的影响

采用USB4000光纤光谱仪,在D65参照光源的条件下,测量各个色级不同荧光强度钻石样品的CIE1931色品坐标和主波长,根据色度学原理计算钻石样品的兴奋纯度和亮度纯度。结果表明,对于不同色级而相同荧光强度的钻石,随着色级的降低,钻石的主波长递减,兴奋纯度和亮度纯度递增,即钻石的颜色饱和度增加;对于同一色级的钻石,随着荧光程度的增加,钻石的主波长递增,兴奋纯度和亮度纯度呈减小趋势,强荧光至弱荧光可使钻石的兴奋纯度和亮度纯度上升1到2个色级,即不同程度的钻石荧光可使钻石颜色提升1～2个色级。     

光谱反射率曲线在包装纸印刷品色相色差评价与控制中的应用

为了研究光谱反射率曲线使用在包装纸印品色相色差评价方法中产生的影响。实验采用光谱反射率曲线对影响包装纸印品色相色差的不同颜色油墨、同一色料不同色含量油墨、同一索引号不同批次的油墨以及专色油墨的同色异谱色和同谱色进行判定,对实验数据进行分析并寻找相应的规律。实验结果表明,包装纸印品的色相色差与油墨材料的光谱反射率曲线有着密切的联系,可以作为商品包装纸印刷质量好坏的初始判据。通过整合并规范油墨用料,利用油墨材料的光谱反射率曲线可对包装纸印品的色相色差进行有效的控制和判定,以确保不同批次、不同厂家生产的同一印品其色相色差与标准品的一致性。     

荧光染料的色品特征

应用CIE193 1(x ,y)色品图研究了三种荧光增白剂和两种荧光染料的颜色特征 ,计算了主波长、色纯度和色度坐标 ,以直观地表示其颜色特征 ;并比较了荧光染料和非荧光染料的色品特征     

新疆两色金鸡菊中原花青素含量测定体系考察

为准确测定新疆两色金鸡中原花青素含量,选择合适的对照品和测定体系。通过比较香草醛-盐酸、正丁醇-盐酸、铁盐(Fe~(3+))催化法、pH示差法等多种测定体系下,两色金鸡菊提取物和对照品儿茶素或原花青素的连续波长扫描图谱,考察光谱吸收曲线的一致性和λ_(max)峰位值,进而选择适合测定两色金鸡菊中原花青素含量的显色反应体系。结果表明,两色金鸡菊提取物与原花青素对照品在正丁醇-盐酸、Fe~(3+)催化法和pH示差法产生的光谱吸收曲线相似,λ_(max)峰位值更接近。因此,可以用这3种体系快速测定两色金鸡菊中原花青素的含量。结果显示,在特定的测定体系中,选择合适的对照品能准确测定新疆两色金鸡菊中原花青素的含量。     

纸样技术在全成形斜裙编织工艺中的应用

为解决全成形斜裙样衣尺寸与客户要求之间误差过大问题,分析了全成形接片结构、编织工艺及尺寸误差产生原因,将梭织服装纸样技术运用于全成形斜裙纸样绘制及其腰口和下摆弧线长度获取中,运用扇形切展法和任意角度扇环法绘制纸样,以纸样剪移法和扇环弧长计算法获取弧线长度,并对2种纸样、2种弧长进行比较分析,演绎出更适用于全成形斜裙腰口和下摆弧线长度的直接理论计算方法。研究表明：扇形切展法与纸样剪移法的组合可用于获取斜裙腰口和下摆弧线的准确长度,而任意角度扇环法与扇环弧长计算法的组合,更可直接理论计算出斜裙腰口和下摆弧线长度,无需复杂而繁琐的纸样绘制、剪切和转移,缩短了试样时间,提高了试样效率。     

几种不同形状光学衍射孔的场分布及其仿真模拟

针对几种不同形状光学衍射孔,利用MATLAB的GUIDE(图形用户界面开发环境)开发了光学衍射孔衍射场分布的仿真模拟的图形用户界面(GUI),实现了矩形孔、三角形孔、园孔等不同形状光学衍射孔的菲涅耳衍射和夫琅禾费衍射场的仿真模拟计算,系统可以方便地显示不同孔径大小、不同孔径形状的场分布模拟结果,实现了光学孔衍射场分布的可视化,对人们了解和应用不同形状光学孔衍射场提供了可视化的手段和方法,为利用不同形状光学衍射孔的衍射场来实现复杂衍射体的全息计算提供了计算仿真基础。     

热处理涤纶长丝的结构与力学性能

商品涤纶长丝(76分号,24根,无捻)在1克拉力下于160、180、200、220、240、250和260℃进行2秒钟热处理,用小角X光散射和宽角X光衍射研究了各样品的结构,长周期和曲105衍射所得到的晶粒尺寸均随热处理温度T_α的升高而增大,I05衍射弧的方位扫描曲线用计算机进行分峰处理,所用拟合函数为两个高斯函数之和。随着T_α升高,I05弧的宽度下降,但其分离角增大,这说明晶区取向随T_α升高而改善。测定了样品的力学性能,发现纤维的强度与其体积结晶度(D/L)有密切关系.     

等离子弧焊接电弧的温度场和流场研究现状

等离子体电弧温度场和流场的研究对其在工业生产中的应用具有重要的意义。文章分析了等离子弧温度场以及流场检测和计算的研究现状。在等离子弧温度场的检测中,现今光谱诊断法最为方便,所测得的结果较其他检测方法而言精确度更高;在等离子弧流场的检测中,运用粒子成像测速技术的方法可以检测得到流场分布。在等离子弧温度场和流场的计算中,数理解析法计算繁琐,需要大量时间。数值模拟的方法更为经济、有效。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press