共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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采用二氧化硅负载固体磷钨酸盐催化剂,以乙酸酐和噻吩为原料合成2-乙酰噻吩。通过实验考察了固体酸盐催化剂用量、反应时间、反应温度、催化剂重复使用次数对2-乙酰噻吩合成转化率的影响。确定该反应的最适条件为:反应温度85℃,反应时间4h,催化剂用量(质量分数)3.0%-3.5%,催化剂重复使用3次。产品的转化率为80%以上,最高转化率达到90.75%。产品通过气相色谱分析,2.乙酰噻吩质量分数达99.5%以上,副产物主要为3-乙酰噻吩。由此证明,磷钨酸盐作为本反应的催化剂,有着较高的选择性。该方法同以往的方法相比较,具有无设备腐蚀、减少环境污染等优势。产品同催化剂易分离,且催化剂可重复利用。 相似文献
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HZSM-5型分子筛催化合成2-乙酰噻吩 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用固体酸催化剂HZSM-5型分子筛代替液体磷酸催化合成2-乙酰噻吩,探讨了反应时间、反应温度、催化剂质量对该反应的影响。采用正交实验法优化的工艺条件是:反应温度为95℃,反应时间为2.5 h,催化剂质量为2.5 g(约占原料质量的3.5%)。最优工艺条件下2-乙酰噻吩的收率为90.60%。产物通过色谱-质谱联用仪分析可知:产品2-乙酰噻吩的质量分数约为98.28%,副产物主要是少量的3-乙酰噻吩。该实验中,固体催化剂可以回收、再生和重复使用,给出的收率几乎与新鲜的催化剂相同。 相似文献
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硅胶负载磷钨酸铯盐(Cs2.5H0.5PW12O40)催化合成2-乙酰噻吩的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用二步浸渍法制备硅胶负载磷钨酸铯(Cs2.5H0.5PW12O40)催化剂催化合成药物中间体2-乙酰噻吩.运用IR和XRD测试技术进了Cs2.5H0.5PW12O40/SiO2催化剂的表征,考察了Cs2.5H0.5PW12O40负载量、催化剂用量、物料配比、反应温度、反应时间等对2-乙酰噻吩合成收率和选择性的影响.实验结果表明,Cs2.5H0.5PW12O40和Cs2.5H0.5PW12O40/SiO2催化剂保持H3PW12O40的Keggin结构不变,且Cs2.5H0.5PW12O40/SiO2催化剂中Cs2.5H0.5PW12O40主要聚集在SiO2载体表面.优化合成2-乙酰噻吩的工艺条件为:30%Cs2.5H0.5PW12O40/SiO2催化剂用量为3%(以总物料量计);噻吩与乙酐的摩尔比为4:1;反应温度为75~80℃;反应时间为90 min.在此所选择的条件下,2-乙酰噻吩的收率达94.6%~96.8%,选择性达99.8%~99.9%. 相似文献
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以CuBr为催化剂,NMP为溶剂,在110°C条件下,先用3-溴噻吩与过量的甲醇钠发生取代反应合成3-甲氧基噻吩,收率为82.3%。再以无水NaHSO4为催化剂,用正戊醇与3-甲氧基噻吩反应,合成了3-戊氧基噻吩。通过正交反应研究了反应物摩尔比、反应时间、反应温度以及催化剂用量对合成3-戊氧基噻吩收率的影响,得出了最佳反应条件为:n(3-甲氧基噻吩)∶n(戊醇)=1∶1.1;反应时间3.5 h;反应温度115°C;催化剂用量:0.25%。然后根据合成3-戊氧基噻吩的最佳工艺条件并加以适当修改,合成了3-乙氧基噻吩、3-丙氧基噻吩、3-丁氧基噻吩、3-戊氧基噻吩、3-己氧基噻吩、3-辛氧基噻吩,收率分别为78.5%、73.5%、71.5%、69.7%、67.2%、64.3%。这些化合物结构都通过IR,1H NMR和MS进行了表征,并对其进行了初步香味评价。结果表明它们都具有基本肉香味的特征。 相似文献
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磷钨酸铝合成柠檬酸三丁酯 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以磷钨酸和结晶三氯化铝为原料合成磷钨酸铝,并以此为催化剂, 由柠檬酸与正丁醇合成柠檬酸三丁酯。考察了醇酸物质的量比、催化剂用量、反应时间和反应温度对酯化反应的影响,得出合成柠檬酸三丁酯的最优化条件为:醇酸物质的量比为4.5∶1,催化剂用量为柠檬酸质量的2.5%,反应时间4 h, 反应温度150 ℃,产品的收率达93.5 %。将磷钨酸铝与其他类型的催化剂进行比较,证明磷钨酸铝催化高效,可回收使用。并对合成的产品进行了红外光谱分析及折光率的测定。 相似文献
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乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。 相似文献
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D. G. Gordeev L. F. Gudarenko M. V. Zhernokletov V. G. Kudel’kin M. A. Mochalov 《Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves》2008,44(2):177-189
A semi-empirical equation of state for metals is described. Its capabilities are demonstrated by the example of the equation
of state for aluminum. New experimental data are presented on the location of the isentrope of aluminum for unloading from
the state at p = 229.71 GPa on the shock adiabat to an aerogel (SiO2) of density 0.08 g/cm3.
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Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 61–75, March–April, 2008. 相似文献
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Jorge Marcelo Romero Soledad Bustillo Hugo Enrique Ramirez Maisuls Nelly Lidia Jorge Manuel Eduardo Gómez Vara Eduardo Alberto Castro Alicia H. Jubert 《International journal of molecular sciences》2007,8(7):688-694
A thermochemical rather simple experimental technique is applied to determine the enthalpy of formation of Diperoxide of ciclohexanone. The study is complemented with suitable theoretical calculations at the semiempirical and ab initio levels. A particular satisfactory agreement between both ways is found for the ab initio calculation at the 6–311G basis This set level. Some possible extensions of the present procedure are pointed out. 相似文献
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A perturbation viscometer is a differential capillary viscometer that measures the logarithmic viscosity gradient of the viscosity-composition curve for gas mixtures. Measurements are made at different gas mixture compositions. Integration of the logarithmic viscosity gradients measured over the full composition range gives the mixture viscosity relative to the viscosity of one of the pure components of the gas mixture. This method is attractive because, for measurements of equal precision, integration of the gradients is potentially an order of magnitude more precise than measurement of the viscosities directly. It can also work at high and low temperatures and perhaps high pressures.The perturbation viscometer has been used to make measurements on ideal gas mixtures at ambient and elevated temperatures. The situation is more complicated when the gas mixtures are non-ideal. Extra effects due to density differences, molar volume change on mixing and differential thermal expansion may be measured in addition to the desired viscosity change producing systematic errors in the results. Thus, a more sophisticated apparatus is required. The standard perturbation viscometer has been modified to separate out the extra effects to permit measurement of the true change in viscosity. In addition, the theoretical operation of the modified apparatus has been revised to account for the design changes to permit calculation of the viscosity-composition profiles from the results.The apparatus has been tested using helium-HFC-125 mixtures and two new viscosity-composition profiles are presented for these mixtures at 23 and . Internal consistency tests have been used to confirm that the data produced are of high quality with an estimated uncertainty in the viscosity ratio data at of 0.9% and at of 1.5%. 相似文献
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醋酸纤维素取代基分布与性质的关系 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
分析了以吡啶为溶剂的醋酸纤维素的13C-NMR核磁共振谱,得出了三种不同位置羟基的取代度。结合X—射线和DSC分析,初步说明具有相同取代度但未经水解和经过水解的醋酸纤维素(CA) 性质上的差异是由于三个羟基上的取代度分布不同及消晶程度差异所致。 相似文献