碳酸钙晶须表面改性研究

采用几种改性剂对碳酸钙晶须进行了表面改性试验,结果表明硬脂酸钠对碳酸钙晶须的改性效果显著,以硬脂酸钠为改性剂,考察了改性剂用量、改性时间、改性温度、初始料浆质量分数、搅拌速度、烘干温度等因素对碳酸钙晶须表面改性的影响,选择活化指数及接触角对碳酸钙晶须的改性效果进行表征,在最佳试验条件下,改性产品的活化指数为100%,接触角为146.66°.碳酸钙晶须改性前后的IR检测分析表明,硬脂酸钠改性碳酸钙晶须过程中,在硬脂酸钠与碳酸钙晶须间存在化学吸附.     

纳米碳酸钙的湿法表面改性

向纳米碳酸钙悬浮液中直接加入硬脂酸钠,制得改性纳米碳酸钙粉体,确定了改性剂硬脂酸钠的最佳用量为3 g／100 g CaCO3、最佳改性时间(20-30 min)、最佳改性温度(70-80℃)。用红外光谱、扫描电镜等分析手段进行了验证,实验表明,每100 g改性纳米碳酸钙的吸油值降至35．2 g,而活化度增至90．2％,大大提高了碳酸钙的活性。     

碳酸钙晶须表面改性研究

采用不同改性剂对碳酸钙晶须表面进行改性研究,研究了改性剂种类、改性剂加入时间、改性剂用量等因素对碳酸钙晶须改性效果的影响。结果表明,采用单一改性剂时以硬脂酸钠的改性效果最佳;采用复合改性剂（硬脂酸钠和十二烷基硫酸钠）时,其改性效果优于采用单一改性剂硬脂酸钠;改性剂在碳化反应前加入效果较好;改性剂最佳用量为4%（质量分数）。最优改性产品的活化指数为98%,沉降体积为4.41 mL/g。对比碳酸钙晶须改性前后的红外光谱图,发现改性后出现了明显的亚甲基,说明改性剂已经牢固地键合在碳酸钙上。     

硬脂酸对碳酸钙表面改性的研究

采用硬脂酸对碳酸钙进行表面改性,研究了改性剂用量、改性温度和改性时间对改性效果的影响。测定了改性前后碳酸钙沉降体积、吸油值、活化度和黏度,并用红外光谱进行表征。实验结果表明硬脂酸可以改性碳酸钙,其改性较佳条件:硬脂酸用量为2.5%,改性温度85℃,改性时间50min。     

超微细碳酸钙的复合改性及其在LDPE上的应用研究

研究了硬脂酸与DL-411铝酸酯偶联剂混合对超微细CaCO3的湿法改性及其对LDPE的填充效果.通过硬脂酸和DL-411铝酸酯分别单独改性碳酸钙,测定活化指数,确定最佳改性剂用量为2 %,然后按不同配比的硬脂酸和DL-411铝酸酯混合改性CaCO3,结果表明当硬脂酸用量为1.5 %、DL-411铝酸酯用量为0.5 %时,对碳酸钙具有最佳改性效果:活化指数99.71%、吸油值46.19 mL/100 g、最终的沉降体积2.3 mL/g、10g改性碳酸钙与100 mL液体石蜡混合物的黏度4.4 Pa·s.将改性碳酸钙填充到LDPE中,当改性CaCO3含量为10 %时,复合材料具有较好的力学性能.     

CaCO3/RCOO-复合材料的制备与性能研究(Ⅰ)——工艺因素的影响和条件优化

研究了机械力化学方法制备CaCO3/RCOO-复合材料工艺中各类因素的影响和条件优化.结果表明:在碳酸钙湿法超细研磨中同时添加硬脂酸钠,通过碳酸钙表面RCOO-改性方式,可制备CaCO3/RCOO-复合材料.改性药剂条件、矿浆条件,特别是形成机械力强度的磨矿条件均影响改性效果和复合材料性能,机械力化学方法制备的CaCO3/RCOO-复合材料的性能优于传统混合改性方法.     

镁铝水滑石和镁铝铈水滑石的表面改性研究

将硬脂酸钠对LDHs表面进行湿法改性,探索了各改性条件对改性效果的影响。实验表明,当控制硬脂酸钠的改性时间为120rain,改性温度为80℃,改性剂的用量为水滑石质量的6％时,水滑石活化度最大,即改性效果最好。采用XRD、FT—IR等对改性前后的LDHs进行表征。结果表明,硬脂酸钠能与水滑石发生吸附作用,但水滑石的层状结构没有被破坏,层间距也不发生变化,证明硬脂酸钠仅改性水滑石表面,而没有插入到水滑石层间。     

硬脂酸系列对天然重晶石粉末的表面改性

以硬脂酸、硬脂酸钠、硬脂酸锌、硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸钙作为改性剂对天然重晶石粉末进行改性,分析改性时间,改性剂用量,搅拌速度等因素对改性效果的影响,并用活化指数和沉降体积对改性效果做了评价。实验结果表明,在相同的实验条件下,用硬脂酸钠对重晶石粉末改性后的沉降体积最大,改性效果最好,当硬脂酸钠的用量为0.8%,活化指数可达到96%。红外光谱分析表明硬脂酸钠与重晶石粉末表面产生了化学键合。     

CaCO_3/RCOO~-复合材料的制备与性能研究(I)——工艺因素的影响和条件优化

研究了机械力化学方法制备CaCO3/RCOO-复合材料工艺中各类因素的影响和条件优化。结果表明:在碳酸钙湿法超细研磨中同时添加硬脂酸钠,通过碳酸钙表面RCOO-改性方式,可制备CaCO3/RCOO-复合材料。改性药剂条件、矿浆条件,特别是形成机械力强度的磨矿条件均影响改性效果和复合材料性能,机械力化学方法制备的CaCO3/RCOO-复合材料的性能优于传统混合改性方法。     

有机酸改性纳米碳酸钙及其对酚醛树脂耐水性能的影响

以硬脂酸、油酸及十二酸为改性剂,利用湿法活化工艺对纳米碳酸钙进行表面改性,并将其填充到酚醛树脂中。利用正交实验考察了改性时间、改性温度及改性剂用量对改性效果的影响,并确定了不同改性剂改性纳米碳酸钙的最佳条件。结果表明,油酸改性纳米碳酸钙的效果最好,其最佳改性条件为:改性时间30min,改性温度75℃,改性剂用量为纳米碳酸钙用量的4%(wt.)纳米碳酸钙经油酸改性后吸油值降低至22,比未改性纳米碳酸钙降低了71.05%,活化度接近100%。将改性纳米碳酸钙分散到酚醛树脂中,使它的耐水性能提高3倍以上。     

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水的治理技术

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。     

几种乙炔加压设备性能的比较

阐述并比较了几种加压设备在乙炔加压清净过程中的性能和特点。     

三种煤样燃烧热的测定

本文通过三个厂家提供的三种煤样燃烧热的测定,由测定结果综合得出3号煤样燃烧最完全、燃烧热也最大,是三个煤样中最好的一种。     

Semi-empirical equation of state of metals. Equation of state of aluminum

A semi-empirical equation of state for metals is described. Its capabilities are demonstrated by the example of the equation of state for aluminum. New experimental data are presented on the location of the isentrope of aluminum for unloading from the state at p = 229.71 GPa on the shock adiabat to an aerogel (SiO₂) of density 0.08 g/cm³. __________ Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 61–75, March–April, 2008.     

水泥水化热测定方法综述

水泥水化热是中、低热水泥和核电工程用水泥的一项关键的技术指标。全球范围内测定水泥水化热的方法有溶解法、直接法/半绝热法、等温传导量热法三种。本文总结了中、美、欧相关方法标准,对其测试原理、仪器设备、试验过程等方面进行了比对,并对其在领域的应用做了简单的概括。     

小议汽车涂装工艺设计对涂装成本的影响

论述了涂装工艺设计对涂装设备投资、涂装生产成本的影响。     

Measurement of the gradient of viscosity with composition of mixtures of non-ideal gases

A perturbation viscometer is a differential capillary viscometer that measures the logarithmic viscosity gradient of the viscosity-composition curve for gas mixtures. Measurements are made at different gas mixture compositions. Integration of the logarithmic viscosity gradients measured over the full composition range gives the mixture viscosity relative to the viscosity of one of the pure components of the gas mixture. This method is attractive because, for measurements of equal precision, integration of the gradients is potentially an order of magnitude more precise than measurement of the viscosities directly. It can also work at high and low temperatures and perhaps high pressures.The perturbation viscometer has been used to make measurements on ideal gas mixtures at ambient and elevated temperatures. The situation is more complicated when the gas mixtures are non-ideal. Extra effects due to density differences, molar volume change on mixing and differential thermal expansion may be measured in addition to the desired viscosity change producing systematic errors in the results. Thus, a more sophisticated apparatus is required. The standard perturbation viscometer has been modified to separate out the extra effects to permit measurement of the true change in viscosity. In addition, the theoretical operation of the modified apparatus has been revised to account for the design changes to permit calculation of the viscosity-composition profiles from the results.The apparatus has been tested using helium-HFC-125 mixtures and two new viscosity-composition profiles are presented for these mixtures at 23 and . Internal consistency tests have been used to confirm that the data produced are of high quality with an estimated uncertainty in the viscosity ratio data at of 0.9% and at of 1.5%.     

Calorimetric and Computational Study of Enthalpy of Formation of Diperoxide of Cyclohexanone

A thermochemical rather simple experimental technique is applied to determine the enthalpy of formation of Diperoxide of ciclohexanone. The study is complemented with suitable theoretical calculations at the semiempirical and ab initio levels. A particular satisfactory agreement between both ways is found for the ab initio calculation at the 6–311G basis This set level. Some possible extensions of the present procedure are pointed out.     

塔设备改造选型的分析

就当前扩产增容中塔设备设计和改造时板式塔和填料塔的选型问题加以分析。在评述目前国内常用的几种塔板和新型填料之后，着重介绍一种新型塔板（导向梯形浮阀塔板）和一种新型填料（波环填料——乾隆帕克）。     

Effect of degree of deacetylation of chitin on the properties of chitin crystallites

In the present article, chitin from crab shell was systematically deacetylated using a NaOH treatment with control of the reaction time. The degree of deacetylation, monitored using solid-state NMR, revealed that the reaction was pseudo-first order. Based on this, swollen and NaOH-saturated particles are proposed as the reaction system. The weight loss of the partially saponified and neutralized samples after HCl hydrolysis increased linearly with the degree of deacetylation. The crystallinity of the samples was found to increase after acid hydrolysis. According to conductimetric titration, the surface charge density of the crystallites, after acid hydrolysis, was found to increase with base treatment time. The effect of surface charge on the formation of a chiral nematic phase, due to the rodlike nature of the crystallites, was explored. These results show that because the contribution of charged particles to the ionic strength was significant the double layer compression was affected, especially since the surface charge density was close to the Manning limit. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 65:373–380, 1997