聚乙二醇基形状记忆高分子材料研究进展

聚乙二醇(PEG)是一种结晶完善且具有良好水溶性的热塑型聚醚高分子,其分子链结构在无定形态及结晶态间相互转变的特性符合形状记忆材料对可逆形变结构的要求,因此广泛应用于形状记忆高分子材料的研究。文中综述了近年来聚乙二醇在形状记忆聚合物、形状记忆水凝胶、形状记忆复合材料等高分子材料中的应用研究进展,阐述了聚乙二醇链结构与材料形状记忆特性及不同刺激响应性之间的关系,并特别强调了聚乙二醇与水的氢键作用对水诱导响应型形状记忆特性的重要性,对低毒且生物相容性好的聚乙二醇基形状记忆高分子材料在生物医学领域的应用进行了展望。     

含芳香偶氮高分子染料的光敏材料

本文研究了含对N,N-二甲氨基偶氮苯侧链的聚醚高分子梁料光敏材料的紫外光敏特性,并和小分子染料4N,N-二甲氮基偶氮苯(二甲基黄)光敏材料的性能进行了比较。结果表明,高分子染料光敏材料具有较好的光敏性。用x-射线光电子能谱研究光敏材料的表面组成表明,高分子染料光敏材料具有小分子染卦难以达到的贮存稳定性,克服了小分子染料从光敏层中迁移问题。     

钻完井领域中抗温耐盐型水溶性高分子的应用研究

抗温耐盐型水溶性高分子材料在深井以及超深井的钻完井施工中具有广泛的应用。本文对抗温耐盐型水溶性高分子材料的结构设计思路与实际应用以及发展前景进行探讨。     

高分子染料的合成与应用

高分子染料兼具染料和高聚物的优异特性,且具有不同于低分子染料的特殊染色性能,因此存在着巨大的研究与应用价值.较详细地阐述了高分子染料的合成方法及应用情况.     

2013年第十七届全国功能高分子行业委员会年会暨技术研讨会征文启事

为深入探讨水溶性高分子行业的发展和前景,加强中国与国外水溶性高分子行业间的交流与合作,将于2013年9月9-12日在湖北襄阳举办"2013年第十七届全国功能高分子行业委员会年会"。就全球产业发展、中国市场未来形势、应用技术发展方向等进行研讨交流,共同探讨环保、能源热潮下的国际水溶性高分子产业的可持续发展战略。现向全国相关行业及从事水溶性高分子生产与应用的广大企业、科研院所、大专院校及相关行业单位及个人征集论文,敬请赐稿。     

壳聚糖与水溶性高分子相容性的研究进展

综述了壳聚糖与水溶性合成高分子和天然高分子相容性的研究进展。从研究方法上,壳聚糖／水溶性高分子的相容性可以采用仪器分析法进行研究,如热分析、光谱分析,力学性能测试和电镜观察等;也可以采用粘度法对相容性进行研究。研究结论都表明,壳聚糖与常见的水溶性高分子,如聚乙烯基吡硌炕酮、聚乙二醇、乙基纤维素和丝蛋白等都存在着部分相容性。相容性的好坏决定了共混物的凝聚态结构,并深刻影响共混物的性能和使用价值。     

国外工程塑料的发展

塑料产品是以高分子科学理论为基础发展起来的。高分子化学理论研究方面的重大突破和实用化,为塑料工业的迅速发展奠定了基础。二十年代中期,Staudinger提出了高分子链结构的概念,在连锁反应理论和自由基研究的基础上,烯烃类聚合型高分子获得了简便的合成方法;三十年代末期Caro-ther对缩聚反应理论的研究又为聚酰胺、聚酯等缩聚类高分子的合成开辟了新的途     

聚合物基力致变色材料的研究进展

近期,通过光学性质的变化来检测机械应力的力致变色材料引起了人们广泛的研究兴趣.这种材料可以利用机械能促使高分子链内部的化学或物理结构发生转变,因此在力学传感、自愈合材料等领域具有巨大的应用价值.总结了有关力致变色聚合物材料的发展现状,详细讨论了两种力致变色聚合物材料的制备方法.第一种方法中,染料分子是通过物理共混的方法...     

N,O-羧甲基壳聚糖改性水溶性高分子染料的制备与表征

通过在碱性条件下K型活性艳红(K-2BP)与具有两性聚电解质性质的N,O-羧甲基壳聚糖的反应制得了新型水溶性高分子染料。FT-IR和1H-NM R的表征表明,染料分子接枝到了N,O-羧甲基壳聚糖的骨架上。通过可见光分光光度法测定了K-2BP在0.1 m o l/L N a2CO3-0.1 m o l/L N aHCO3缓冲溶液中的最大吸收波长为526 nm,摩尔消光系数ε=18918.0 L/(m o l.cm),并以此为基础确定了K-2BP型高分子染料的接枝度为1∶10.4。     

水溶性氟硼二吡咯类染料的合成及其应用研究进展

近年来,氟硼二吡咯类染料作为荧光探针及标记在生物研究领域显示出独特的应用潜力,从而受到广泛关注。但此类染料的应用范围常由于其低水溶性而在实践中受到限制。通过在分子中引入磺酸盐基团、季铵盐基团、寡聚乙二醇醚等不同类型的亲水基团,可大幅提高此类荧光染料在水中的溶解度,从而大大拓展了此类染料的应用范围,并使其成功应用于水体系。本研究针对近期国内外重要的水溶性氟硼二吡咯染料的合成及应用研究进展进行了综述。     

乳化炸药稳定性的讨论

文章分析了乳化炸药稳定性的影响因素及表征方法。提出了提高乳化炸药稳定性的相应对策，强调从基础理论研究出发，认识影响乳化炸药稳定性的内因，为生产稳定乳化炸药提供理论依据。     

Mechanism of adsorption of anionic dye from aqueous solutions onto organobentonite

Organobentonite is suggested as potential super-sorbents for the removal of dyes from wastewater. All kinds of organobentonites are synthesized to adsorb dyes; however, the mechanism of the adsorption is still unclear. In this paper, organobentonites were first modified with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide at various amounts to reveal the adsorption mechanism. Subsequently, four kinds of organobentonites were utilized to adsorb acid dyes. Results show that the main mechanism of the adsorption of acid dye is an anionic exchange. The counter-ion bromide in the organobentonite was replaced by the dye anion. The study reveals that the adsorption capacity of organobentonite is affected by the surfactant alkyl chain length. When the longer alkyl chain surfactant was modified, bentonite showed higher adsorption capacity. Specific surface areas had no effect on the adsorption. However, the XRD patterns show that interlamellar distance and lamellar distribution have some effects on the adsorption. High adsorption capacity and low residual concentration were obtained by the organobentonite adsorbents. The revelation of the adsorption mechanism makes it possible to obtain more novel and suitable organobentonite adsorbents for anionic dye removal from wastewater.     

Effect of addition of polymeric species with ether moieties on porous structure of silica prepared by sol-gel method

The authors have investigated the effect of the addition of polymeric species (polyethyleneglycol, polypropyleneglycol and polytetramethyleneoxide) containing ether moieties in their main chain on the silica porous structure yielded via the sol-gel method. The obtained silica porous structures were characterized by nitrogen adsorption/desorption and SEM. Introducing those polymeric species apparently enhanced the pore formation. The enhancement is more noticeable for higher concentrations of the polymeric species, distributed from the microporous to mesoporous regions. The pore diameter at which the pore enhancement is induced by adding the polymeric species reduces with the fraction of ether moiety. Adding the polymeric species prior to the onset of the hydrolysis of tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) was necessary for the enhancement in the mesoporous region to takes place. The pore enhancement was more outstanding when HCL was used as the catalyst for the hydrolysis of the alkoxide than NH₃. The mutual affinity between the added polymeric and silica species is considered as an important factor of the pore generation in the micro- and meso-porous regions.     

高分子水凝胶材料研究进展

综述了高分子水凝胶材料的制备方法及应用研究进展，概述了当前的研究热点，并展望了高分子水凝胶材料今后的发展。     

Bifacial Dye Membranes: Ultrathin and Free-Standing although not Being Covalently Bound

Layers of aligned dyes are key to photo-driven charge separation in dye sensitized solar cells, but cannot be exploited as rectifying membranes in photocatalysis to separate half-cells because they are not sufficiently stable. While impressive work on the fabrication of stable noncovalent membranes has been recently demonstrated, these membranes are inherently suffering from non-uniform orientation of the constituting dyes. To stabilize layers made from uniformly assembled and aligned dyes, they can be covalently cross-linked via functional groups or via chromophores at the expense of their optical properties. Here stable membranes from established dyes are reported that do not need to be elaborately functionalized nor do their chromophores need to be destroyed. These membranes are free-standing, although being only non-covalently linked. To enable uniform dye-alignment, Langmuir layers made from linear, water-insoluble dyes are used. That water-soluble charge transfer dyes adsorb onto and intercalate into the Langmuir layer from the aqueous subphase, thus yielding free-standing, molecularly thin membranes are demonstrated. The developed bifacial layers consist almost entirely of π-conjugated units and thus can conduct charges and can be further engineered for optoelectronic and photocatalytic applications.     

低能带隙聚合物的设计

低能带隙聚合物对光电器件具有重要的意义。综述了低能带隙聚合物的设计方法和思路．包括聚合物取代基修饰、降低链中交替单双键键长的差异、给体一受体的规整交替，以及梯形聚合物的合成。     

微乳液聚合物纳米粒子的研究方法

综述了微乳液聚合制备聚合物纳米粒子的研究内容及方法.其主要的研究内容包括:聚合物纳米粒子的化学组成及结构、形态、分子量及分布、热行为以及聚合物纳米粒子的性能等.研究方法有红外光谱、核磁共振、透射电镜、凝胶渗透色谱法、粘度法和光散射等.最后,展望了新型表征手段以及微乳液聚合两个领域的交叉发展.     

Amphiphilic zwitterionic poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)-contained poly(ether amine) (Z-SiPEA) as the responsive polymeric dispersant

We demonstrated here a novel concept of the responsive dispersant based on the amphiphilic zwitterionic poly(ether amine) (Z-SiPEAs), which can control the dispersion of dyes and pigments in water. Z-SiPEAs are composed of short poly (dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) chain in the backbone and Jeffamine L100 as graft chain. The amino groups in the backbone and carboxyl groups grafted to the backbone make the obtained Z-SiPEAs zwitterionic. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) results revealed that the obtained Z-SiPEAs can self-assemble into nanoparticles in water, which possessed sharp response to temperature, pH, and ionic strength with the tunable clouding point (CP). In the presence of Z-SiPEAs, not only hydrophobic dyes such as Nile Red can be dispersed in water, but the hydrophilic dye Rose Bengal (RB) can be dispersed in unpolar solvents. Further more, Z-SiPEAs can enhance the dispersion of inorganic pigments Titanium White, Iron Red and Chrome Yellow very efficiently in most solvents. It should be noted that the dispersion of organic dyes and inorganic pigments in water can be controlled by temperature in the presence of Z-SiPEAs. 1H NMR and FT-IR revealed the strong coordination between carboxyl groups in Z-SiPEAs and metal atoms of inorganic pigments. These characteristics will give Z-SiPEAs potential as the novel responsive polymeric dispersant.     

Effect of dye doping in poly(vinyl alcohol) waveguides

Dye-doped poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) waveguides have been fabricated and characterized. The waveguiding parameters of PVA film, for example the refractive index, thickness, birefringence, polarization conversion and propagation losses, were evaluated using the various concentration of dyes in polymeric solution. It has been shown that the dyes can affect the basic waveguiding parameters considerably. However, birefringence in PVA waveguides remains unaffected irrespective of any dyes and any concentration of dye used.     

Removal of direct dyes by coagulation: the performance of preformed polymeric aluminum species

Removal of three direct dyes (Direct Black 19, Direct Red 28, and Direct Blue 86) by coagulation with three different Al based coagulants was investigated. The main purpose of this paper is to examine the coagulation features of polymeric aluminum coagulants in treatment of dye-polluted waters and the emphasis was placed on the roles of preformed Al species, particularly Al(13). The performance of Al(13) in coagulation of dyes was observed through jar tests by comparing traditional Al salt, polyaluminum chloride (PACl), and purified Al(13). The results showed that under most cases Al(13) had significantly higher efficiency in removal of direct dyes than traditional Al salt and commercial PACl with the exception of Direct Red 28 removal under high pH range. The coagulation of direct dyes could be greatly affected by pH. Reducing pH was favorable for preformed Al species in a broad pH range. For traditional Al coagulant, efficient dye removal only occurred in a relatively narrow pH range of near 6.0. The outstanding coagulation behavior of Al(13) could be ascribed to its high charge neutralization ability, relative stability and potential self-assembly tendency.