移频键控信号测量系统设计

为了提高铁路机车中移频键控信号的测量精度,给出了一种利用FPGA和ARM处理器测量频率的方法。该方法在FPGA中利用量化时钟实时测量一组FSK信号周期长度,并将测量数据存储在FPGA内部设计的双口RAM中。FPGA通过设计的串口模块将测量数据送给ARM处理器,ARM处理器对产生测量误差的主要原因进行分析,并对上、下边频切换时产生的畸变数据进行处理,给出了时间间隔测量误差的分析和补偿方法。实验表明,该系统具有较好的抗扰动能力,能够满足一般工业现场测试速率和精度的要求。     

利用移动键控和耦合超混沌系统实现异步十六进制数字保密通信系统

为提高混沌移动键控方案的通信效率,提出基于移动键控和耦合超混沌系统的异步保密通信方案。在发送端,将十六进制信号嵌入到增益后的混沌状态变量中,利用转换器控制模块实现多个状态变量交替变换掩盖信号,经添加高斯噪声后发送出去。在接收端通过检测噪声强度动态调整检测阈值,可成功提取出发送的信号。数值模拟验证了该系统在含噪声信道环境下,双方通过自适应调整混沌信号增益实现保密通信,随着信噪比（SNR）的增加,比特误码率（BER）呈平滑降低趋势,确保了系统的稳定性。     

A robust watermarking scheme using phase shift keying with the combination of amplitude boost and low amplitude block selection

Watermarking is a potential method for copyright protection and authentication of multimedia data in the internet. The watermarking process can be viewed as a communication task, where the watermark acting like information is embedded into a host image acting like noise in a communication channel which is susceptible to all kinds of attacks acting like jamming. In a previous paper, we proposed a robust watermarking scheme using frequency shift keying (FSK). In the scheme, high-variance block selection (HVBS) is employed to enhance robustness. In this paper, a novel watermarking scheme using phase shift keying (PSK) modulation with amplitude boost (AB) and low amplitude block selection (LABS) is proposed. AB is hired to increase the robustness while LABS is employed to improve the imperceptibility. With proper combination of AB and LABS, the proposed scheme achieves superior performance in terms of robustness and imperceptibility.In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme, simulations under various conditions were conducted. The empirical results showed that QPSK is the best choice among other PSKs and the proposed scheme can sustain most common attacks including JPEG compression, rotating, resizing, cropping, painting, noising and blurring etc. The empirical results also showed that the scheme with AB and LABS properly combined outperforms the scheme without. The gain of the former over the latter is more significant for host images with smooth characteristics than those with high-frequency characteristics. Simulation comparison with two other schemes (the Hsu's scheme and the Chen's scheme) showed that the proposed scheme is the most robust among the three.     

北斗卫星信号多普勒频移的电路设计

接收机在接收卫星信号时,由于接收机与卫星的相对运动,导致卫星信号在传播过程中出现多普勒频移。为了实现卫星信号中载波多普勒的剥离,设计了一种基于北斗卫星信号的载波多普勒剥离电路。描述了载波多普勒产生的原因以及剥离的方法,并详细论述了该电路的设计方法。最后对该电路进行MATLAB和Modelsim仿真,验证了设计的载波多普勒剥离模块性能满足北斗卫星接收机的要求。     

基于正交性移频信号技术方案的研究

通过对国产轨道移频信号频谱特点的分析,根据信号正交理论,利用现代数字信号处理解调技术提出了对国产铁路移频信号进行技术改造方案,保证了在接收端对移频信号的最佳接收,提高了系统的可靠性,保证了系统的质量.同时对改进方案进行了MATLAB仿真,并以基于VC33的DSP浮点试验系统实现了对新方案的测试.     

OFDM系统中的时变频偏跟踪算法

为了减小载波频率偏差对OFDM系统的影响,提出了一种改进的最小均方自适应算法来进行频偏跟踪,并对多种时变频偏的情况进行了计算机仿真,得到了跟踪曲线和频偏补偿前后的BPSK星座图。理论分析和仿真结果表明,由于本文的算法收敛速度快,对时变频偏的跟踪达到了较好的效果,提高了OFDM系统解调性能,克服了非自适应方法和跟踪缓慢的自适应算法难以适应时变频偏的缺点。     

基于频域相位方差加权的线性调频信号检测方法

针对未知线性调频信号的检测问题,依据线性调频信号相位比较稳定这一特征,提出一种基于频域相位方差加权的线性调频信号检测方法。该方法利用线性调频信号频率单元对应相位比较稳定,背景噪声频率单元对应相位比较随机的特点,对各频率单元进行相位方差加权,可以进一步抑制背景噪声能量干扰,增强线性调频信号检测信噪比增益,实现对未知线性调频信号的检测。仿真条件下,在输入平均谱级比大于-10 dB时,相比相位差分对齐法,该方法所得最终线性调频信号频率单元与噪声频率单元的平均谱级比得到了进一步提高,且随着输入平均谱级比越高,输出线性调频信号频率单元与噪声频率单元的平均谱级比提高越多。理论分析和实验结果表明:该方法可以有效增强信号能量,抑制噪声,提高信噪比。     

Blind adaptive carrier phase recovery for QAM systems

This paper provides a study of adaptive phase recovery in quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) based communication systems. Here, we modify the traditional fourth-power phase recovery algorithm (FP-PRA) to propose three improved algorithms, and analyze their performances in the presence of additive white Gaussian noise, phase noise, frequency-offset, and inter-symbol interference. We demonstrate that it is possible to obtain the optimal values of step-sizes (or loop-gains) in closed-form in the presence of phase noise and/or frequency-offset. In particular, we discuss two methods to improve FP-PRA. The first method involves utilizing the idea of partitioning the QAM constellation into QPSK-like and not-QPSK-like annular regions. The phase synchronizer is allowed to update only when a derotated QAM symbol lies in QPSK-like region; otherwise, the update process is stopped. The second method exploits an evolving idea of QAM-to-QPSK transformation, and uses transformed symbols to estimate phase mismatch. We provide a new interpretation of this transformation method and relate it to the quadrant-wise centroid of the rotated constellation. Furthermore, we discuss the feasibility of this method for both square and cross-QAM, and, identify and verify numerically the existence of false-locks in the case of cross-QAM. To the best of our knowledge, the ideas of constellation partitioning and constellation transformation have not appeared earlier in the context of adaptive phase recovery. We discuss adaptive blind estimation of optimal step-sizes in the presence of phase noise and frequency-offset. Finally, we discuss the modification of the proposed stochastic gradient methods to transform them into batch processing algorithms so as to make them more suitable for higher data rate systems. Numerical experiments indicate that the proposed algorithms can outperform the traditional FP-PRA algorithm for a number of practical QAM sizes under different mismatch conditions, and that our analytical findings are in close agreement with the simulation results.     

电压型ICPT系统移相恒流的分析与设计

为了实现电压型ICPT系统输出电压的稳定,在对电压型ICPT系统进行模型推导的基础上,研究了采用移相恒流方式的SS型ICPT系统的各主要参数的关系,并依据推理设计了控制电路,最后设计基于UC3875控制的试验样机进行实验验证。     

A modified stepped frequency phase coding radar waveform designed for the frequency domain algorithm

A great deal of interest has been paid to enhance the radar range resolution for the last decades. One of the techniques is to construct a waveform combining inter-pulse and intra-pulse modulations. In this paper, stepped frequency (SF) waveform is used to represent the former, whereas phase coding (PC) is considered for the latter. To obtain the high-resolution range profile (HRRP) of a target induced by an SF waveform at the receiver, one of the approaches is the frequency domain (FD) algorithm. It has been successfully applied with SF linear frequency modulation waveforms. However, based on our investigations, processing the SFPC waveform with the FD algorithm does not lead to the performance, in terms of peak sidelobe ratio (PSLR) and integrated sidelobe ratio (ISLR), of the single-carrier phase coding (SCPC) waveform processed with a matched filter (MF). To overcome these drawbacks, we propose to split the spectrum of a phase coded pulse into a predetermined number of portions, and then to successively transmit the time-domain transformed versions of these various portions. The received echoes are then processed with a modified version of the FD algorithm. Our analysis and simulations show that the proposed waveform can be characterized by a PSLR and an ISLR close to those of the SCPC processed with MF in some scenarios.     

基于移相法的结构主动控制时滞补偿效果分析

结构控制中由于信号传输及作动器机电转换必然引起时滞,对控制效果产生不利影响.本文提出了结构主动控制移相法时滞补偿策略,以单自由度结构为算例,分析了时滞大小、采样间隔、主动控制中权矩阵取值、结构阻尼比以及速度与位移不同时滞等情况下移相法的补偿效果.结果表明,移相法对结构时滞情况具有很好的补偿效果,时滞大小、权矩阵取值和速度与位移不同时滞时,会影响移相法对结构时滞补偿效果;但采样间隔,结构阻尼比不会影响移相法对结构时滞补偿效果.     

Fast phase modulation using dual‐frequency nematic liquid crystals

Abstract— Experimental study and numerical simulations of optical phase modulators based on nematic liquid crystals characterized by frequency sign inversion of the dielectric anisotropy has been performed. The received results point out an extreme role of back‐flow effects and electro‐hydrodynamic instability, which make restrictions for creating high‐speed phase modulators with large switchable values of phase retardation. It is shown by numerical simulations that the hydrodynamic destabilization can be suppressed by decreasing the ratio of Leslie coefficients |α²/α^4,5|.     

基于罗兰C磁天线的高精度数字移相算法研究

在介绍罗兰C全向磁天线设计方法和接收特性的基础上,针对全向磁天线信号合成中的数字移相环节,设计了一种高精度数字移相算法,该算法突破了传统数字移相算法移相精度受信号采样率限制的缺陷,实现了信号的高精度数字移相。利用罗兰C标准脉冲信号对移相算法进行了仿真计算,并用实际采集的罗兰C信号进行了验证,结果均表明了算法的正确性和优越性。该算法具有计算过程简单,易于采用高性能硬件逻辑可编程芯片FPGA/CPLD来实现,在罗兰C全向磁天线设计中获得了较好的应用效果。     

一种软件实现RFID系统ASK信号解码的方法

RFID设计中的核心技术之一是实现对电子标签返回信号的解码,作者分析和研究了基于ISO/ICE 15693标准的RFID系统中ASK模式响应信号的软件解码方法,在基于DSP芯片设计的读写器硬件基础上,采用了＂波形追踪＂的算法,充分利用DSP芯片的信号处理和运算能力,以软件方式实现了对电子标签返回的ASK响应信号的解码工作。使用效果表明该算法具有解码准确率高、速度快、工作稳定等优点。     

基于相位偏移的主动移频式孤岛检测方法

针对传统过压/欠压、过频/欠频、相位突变、主动频率偏移孤岛检测方法的不足,提出了一种改进方法.将相位偏移量作为辅助量加入主动移频孤岛检测方法中,使检测容性负载的孤岛现象具有与感性负载同样的快速性,并能有效降低主动频率偏移法对电网电能的影响.该方法实现简单,检测快速,仿真结果验证了其快速性和有效性.     

基于Zoom-FFT技术的铁路移频信号检测系统设计

为精准检测轨道移频信号的特征参数值,实现列车通信数据的实时稳定传输,设计基于Zoom-FFT技术的铁路移频信号检测系统;以AD转换电路作为核心电子输出装置,借助DSP移频芯片、信号传感单元对于列车通信数据的聚拢调节作用,在LCD屏幕内生成即时性铁路移频信号显示文件,再联合微处理接收元件,实现对信号特征参量的精准获取,完成检测系统的硬件结构设计;在此基础上根据信号数据的瞬时输出频率,确定标准的模态移频函数,完成基于Zoom-FFT技术的铁路移频信号频率分析;设置数据采集、移频滤波、WIFI通信三类程序型算法,建立信号数据库与核心检测主机间的物理连接,实现系统检测软件及应用主程序建立,结合以上所有软、硬件执行结构,完成基于Zoom-FFT技术的铁路移频信号检测系统设计;对比实验结果显示,应用新型检测系统后,低频、高频轨道移频信号的检测精度均出现明显提升,解决了原有检测系统支持下,列车通信数据实时传输稳定性较差的问题。     

基于高精度相频同步的节点端无损切换技术研究

随着网络化高精度固定节点时频同步技术的发展,需要对簇节点端多输入信号进行处理。针对簇节点端多输入信号同源多路径的特性,为了提升系统的稳健性,提出了一种信号无损切换的方法,兼顾了开关的隔离度和切换速度;实现了主备路信号ps量级的同步精度,有效抑制了切换过程中的相位跳变,并对不同条件下的主备路相位同步精度、系统无损切换性能进行了仿真实验。仿真结果表明,提出的方案显著提升了主备路相位同步精度,有效抑制了切换过程中产生的相位跃变,验证了不同条件对系统精度的影响,对节点端无损切换乃至信号融合方面具有很大的借鉴意义。     

Serial‐fed linear frequency diverse arrays for obtaining direction of arrival (DOA) of frequency modulated continuous waveform (FMCW) sources with ambiguity reduction

Possibility of exploiting serial‐fed linear arrays for obtaining the direction of arrival (DOA) of frequency modulated continuous waveform (FMCW) sources is discussed in this article. The angle of incident wave is assumed to be in the range, [?90°, 90°] , with ambiguity reduction compared with the previous work. At first, the serial‐fed arrays are assumed as a transmitter with triangular FMCW sources, composing modified frequency diverse arrays. An explicit angle dependency is obtained on the separations between the maximums of the produced spatial power pattern in a design procedure. The approach is generalized for modified sawtooth frequency modulated continuous waveform (SFMCW) sources, which are combinations of two SFMCW sources with two different slopes of frequency shifts. In addition, a measurement setup is implied assuming the serial‐fed array as the receiver and an antenna with a known FMCW source and an unknown DOA as the transmitter. The DOA will be obtained from the separations between maxima of the received signals. Advantages of the proposed structure are the simplicity of antenna structure, ability of operation with narrowband antenna elements, and ambiguity reduction compared with the previous work.     

计算机拟合技术研究五种酯类的固相萃取条件

利用固相萃取技术富集了水中5种邻苯二甲酸酯类(邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP)、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)、邻苯二甲酸丁基苄基酯(BBP)、邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯(DEHP)、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP))。借助均匀设计法及计算机回归建模优化技术对5种PAEs的固相萃取条件进行了设计与优化,得到最佳固相萃取条件为:洗脱剂配比(正己烷与丙酮的体积比) 30:1,洗脱体积2 ml,洗脱速率为4 ml·min-1,上样速率8 ml·min-1。富集后的样品用带电子捕获器的毛细管气相色谱检测,方法的线性范围为1～1 000lμg·l-1(DMP,DOP),0．2～100μg·l-1(DBP,DEHP),0．1～100μg·l-1(BBP);线性回归方程的相关系数为0．9970～1．000,检测限为0．01～0．4μg·l-1,方法回收率为69％～116．9％,相对标准偏差为2．5％～9．5％。