掺镍对钛酸钡陶瓷结构及介电性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶(Sol-gel)法制备均匀掺镍钛酸钡纳米晶粉体及其陶瓷.通过XRD和SEM对掺镍钛酸钡粉体及陶瓷进行表征,并测定陶瓷的介电性能,主要研究掺镍量对钛酸钡陶瓷的相组成、显微组织和介电性能的影响.结果表明:采用Sol-gel法制得掺镍钛酸钡基纳米晶立方相粉体(25nm),经烧结后可得到四方相钛酸钡.氧化镍在钛酸钡陶瓷中的溶解限约为0.9 at.%(约为固相掺杂时的2倍);掺镍量低于此溶解限时,随着掺镍量的增大,陶瓷晶粒的长大趋势受到抑制,陶瓷的居里温度降低;当掺镍量高于此溶解限时,陶瓷晶粒长大,陶瓷的居里温度保持在85℃;随掺镍量的增加,陶瓷最大介电常数εm呈先增大后减小的趋势.     

掺杂对还原气氛烧成BTZ陶瓷结构及介电性能影响的研究

研究了V2O5与Y2O3共掺杂对BaTi0.85Zr0.15O3(BTZ)陶瓷结构和性能的影响.发现适量的V2O5掺杂与Y2O3共同作用,在保证较高常温介电常数的情况下,使材料的介温曲线更加平缓,移峰作用明显.通过控制二者的含量,可以在1280℃烧出结构致密、介电性能和绝缘性能良好的陶瓷材料.Y2O3能够促进材料烧结,提高材料的烧成收缩.在还原气氛烧成的条件下,部分V5+可以进入钛酸钡晶格,起到受主掺杂的功效,中和材料中的自由电子,增加V2O5掺杂的数量可以有效地提高材料的绝缘电阻.     

磷掺杂钛酸钡陶瓷烧结过程及介电性能的研究

本文研究了掺杂微量元素磷对钛酸钡陶瓷烧结过程、结构及介电性能的影响。在湿化学法合成的高纯钛酸钡超细粉中，加入0．4atm％的二异丙基亚磷酸酯（P2O5的质量分数为0．14％），不加粘合剂直接压片成型，于1150－1350℃条件下无压烧结。用SEM，TMA，XRD及低频阻抗分析仪，测试样品的烧结性能、微观形貌、晶体结构和介电性能。结果表明：由于磷的加入，晶粒边界形成BaO-TiO2-P2O5三元系液相烧结，在较长的温度下即形成致密的陶瓷，1200℃保温2h的样品致密度达到理论密度的96％：1150～1200℃烧成的陶瓷，其室温介电常数高达6100－5500；居里温度随烧结温度的降低略有下降。因此，微量磷元素的掺杂有助于改善钛酸钡陶瓷的烧结过程和提高介电性能。     

超高介电常数钛酸钡/乙炔黑复相材料的制备研究

研究了乙炔黑／钛酸钡复合材料的烧结条件和介电性能，利用XRD、SEM和介电性能测试仪对材料的物相结构、微观形貌和介电性能进行了观察测定。分析结果表明，这种材料在空气中烧结时，其乙炔黑极易氧化挥发，难以形成钛酸钡／乙炔黑复相体系，但在烧结过程中，乙炔黑的分解挥发会在一定程度上增加液相的出现，促进陶瓷的烧结；在氮气保护下，乙炔黑可以完好地分布于钛酸钡陶瓷体中，获得结构致密的钛酸钡／乙炔黑复相陶瓷．较好的烧结温度范围为1200-1250℃，在渗流阈值附近，钛酸钡／乙炔黑复相材料介电常数值大大提高，当乙炔黑含量在0．8-2．0wt％范围内时，其介电常数达到35000以上，比纯钛酸钡提高约12倍，介电损耗可以控制在0．2-0．7之间，具有一定的使用价值。     

Mn在BaTiO3中的固溶及其对BaTiO3结构影响的研究

运用XRD、SEM、HRTEM研究了Mn2O3掺杂对钛酸钡陶瓷结构的影响.随着烧结温度上升,发现Mn2O3掺杂钛酸钡样品的晶格常数在c轴方向增大.在烧结温度相同的情况下,Mn2O3掺杂能够抑制钛酸钡晶粒的生长,Mn3 在烧结的过程中逐渐的固溶进入钛酸钡晶格.从结构角度出发,提出了Mn固溶进入晶格后,在其周边微区可能产生压应力,这是样品在还原气氛下烧结仍保持高电阻现象的原因之一.     

CuO掺杂对ZnNb2O6介质陶瓷性能的影响

采用传统的固相反应法制备CuO掺杂ZnNb2O6介质陶瓷,借助XRD、SEM和LCR测试仪,研究了CuO掺杂对ZnNb2O6介质陶瓷的烧结特性及介电性能的影响.结果表明,CuO掺杂能有效降低ZnNb2O6陶瓷的烧结温度,提高介电常数,优化频率温度系数.1050℃烧结掺杂1.0wt%CuO的ZnNb2O6陶瓷具有较好的综合介电性能:介电常数εr=34,介电损耗tanδ=0.00039,频率温度系数τf=-46.21×10-6/℃.     

Zn_2SnO_4掺杂对BaTiO_3陶瓷介电性能的影响

用固相反应法分别合成了Zn2SnO4、BaTiO3粉体,用传统陶瓷制备工艺制备了Zn2SnO4掺杂的BaTiO3陶瓷(ZS-BT),研究了掺杂量变化对BaTiO3陶瓷介电性能的影响。研究发现,适量的Zn2SnO4掺杂可促进BaTiO3陶瓷的烧结,降低BaTiO3陶瓷的介电损耗;随着掺杂量的增加,BaTiO3陶瓷的介电居里峰逐渐降低弥散,并向低温方向移动;在测量频率范围内(102~109 Hz),Zn2SnO4掺杂使得介温曲线在40~125℃温度区间内变得平坦,当Zn2SnO4的掺杂比例为2%时,介电常数变化率低于8%。这些结果表明,ZS-BT陶瓷对研究温度稳定性良好的陶瓷电容器有着重要的意义。     

氧化钇稳定二氧化锆(YSZ)微波烧结陶瓷的复阻抗谱分析

研究了8mol%Y2O3掺杂ZrO2(8YSZ)材料微波烧结陶瓷在300～850℃温度范围内的交流复阻抗谱,获得了该材料的温度-离子电导率曲线,并与常规烧结的陶瓷体进行了比较.结果发现8YSZ的微波烧结陶瓷的晶界势垒在550℃被击穿,常规烧结陶瓷的晶界势垒在500℃被击穿.击穿后晶界电阻消失,离子电导率的变化主要由晶粒电导率的变化决定.在击穿温度点以下,陶瓷体的离子电导率随温度的升高呈波浪式上升,即曲线呈上升～下降～上升趋势.     

Y和YF3掺杂钛酸钡系PTCR材料的结构及性能

在不同烧结气氛下制备了Ｙ和掺杂钛酸钡材料,借助于ＸＲＤ、ＳＥＭ、ＸＲＦ和阻温测试分析仪,研究了烧结气氛对Ｙ和ＹＦ３掺杂钛杂钛钡材料结构和性能的影响,研究结果表明,你舂压气氛可促进Ｙ和ＹＦ３掺杂钛酸钡材料的烧结,晶粒长大,而且这二种掺杂钛酸钡材料都是ｎ型半导体,经过氩气氛烧结的Ｙ掺杂钛酸钡材料ＰＴＣＲ效应较弱,而对在氩气氛中烧结的０．３ｍｏｌ％ＹＦ３掺杂钛酸钡材料却观察到了较好的ＰＴＣＲ效应,这种效     

中温烧结耐高温陶瓷电容的制备及性能研究

在BaTiO3(BT)BNT-Nb2O5-Zn系统中改变Nb、Zn掺杂量,对BTBNT-Nb-Zn进行介电性能研究,以期获得中烧耐高温陶瓷电容.研究发现,Nb2 O5、ZnO对BTBNT-Nb2O5-ZnO陶瓷介电性能以及电容量温度变化曲线的影响主要体现在居里温度和居里峰的变化.它们的改性机理可用掺杂后晶粒壳与晶粒芯体积分数的变化来解释.对比不同掺杂后钛酸钡陶瓷的SEM照片可以得出:陶瓷的室温介电常数与掺杂后钛酸钡陶瓷的晶粒生长情况密切相关.     

Effect of Cerium Doping on Microstructure and Dielectric Properties of BaTiO3 Ceramics

A solid state reaction method was used to synthesize barium titanate (BT) and barium cerium titanate (BCT) ceramics at sintering temperature of 1473 K for 4 h. The effect of cerium (Ce) on the structure, microstructure and dielectric properties of BCT was investigated. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) investigations revealed that the grain size increases with increasing Ce content. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns showed mostly the BT phase, where the lattice parameter decreased with the addition of Ce. The temperature dependence of dielectric constant showed decrease in the phase transition temperature with higher Ce content. The dielectric constant decreased slightly with increasing frequency. The direct current (dc) density-voltage characteristics of the ceramics showed ohmic behavior for both the BT and BCT. As the temperature increased, the dc resistivity of the ceramics decreased. The activation energy increased with increasing Ce content.     

蒸汽掺杂－一种新的钛酸钡基PTCR陶瓷的掺杂方法

晶界效应是陶瓷材料所固有的特性．利用某些氧化物在高温下具有较高的蒸汽压,在烧成过程对陶瓷材料进行掺杂改性,可以有效地控制晶界行为,改善材料性能．钛酸钡基半导化陶瓷中存在的PTCR效应;是一种典型的晶界效应．利用Sb2O3、Bi2O3蒸汽掺杂的钛酸钡基PTCR材料,晶粒细小、均匀致密、升阻比可以做到大于8个数量级．因而,蒸汽掺杂是一种新型高效的掺杂方法．     

Microstructure,dielectric and ferroelectric properties of barium zirconate titanate ceramics prepared by microwave sintering

Barium zirconate titanate ceramics were fabricated by microwave sintering. Effects of microwave sintering time on microstructure, dielectric and ferroelectric properties of barium zirconate titanate ceramics have been investigated. The result shows that the ceramic samples sintered at 2.5 kW for 15–30 min are single phase perovskite structure and there is no secondary phase observed. As the microwave sintering time extends, barium zirconate titanate ceramics become more uniform and the grain size increases. The data of dielectric properties indicate that the samples prepared by microwave sintering for 15–30 min are the ferroelectrics with diffuse phase transition and the diffuseness of phase transition weakens with the extending of microwave sintering time. As microwave sintering time increases, the remnant polarization increases initially and then decreases. Moreover, the remnant polarization and the coercive field of the samples sintered for 15 and 20 min decrease as measuring frequency increases, but the measuring frequency has little effect on ferroelectricity of the sample sintered for 30 min. The temperature dependences of hysteresis loops further prove that the samples are ferroelectrics with diffuse phase transition.     

蒸汽掺杂-一种新的钛酸钡基PTCR陶瓷的掺杂方法

晶界铲应是陶瓷材料所固的的特性,利用某些氧化物在高温下具有较高的蒸汽压,在烧成过程对陶瓷材料进行掺杂改性,可以有效地控制晶界行为,改善材料性能,钛酸钡基半导体陶瓷中存在的ＰＴＣＲ效应,是一种典型的晶界效应。     

Influence of microstructure on dielectric properties of Nd-doped barium titanate synthesized by hydrothermal method

Nd-doped barium titanates were successfully synthesized via a hydrothermal route. The as-prepared barium titanate was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Vis–NIR spectroscopy respectively. The results show that pure and Nd-doped barium titanate powders have cubic perovskite structure. After sintering at a temperature of 1,250 °C for 2 h, the phase compositions of all barium titanate are tetragonal phase structure. Vis–NIR spectra well confirmed that Nd³⁺ have been doped into barium titanate. The particle diameters of Nd-doped barium titanate powders and ceramics become samller with the increase of Nd³⁺ content. When Nd/Ba molar ratio is 0.02, the dielectric loss (0.0008) of the powder measured at 1 MHz and room temperature dramatically decreases by 99 % comparing with pure barium titanate (0.083) and shows frequency independence with the frequency increasing from 40 Hz to 1 MHz. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss are 436 and 0.09 after sintering. The Nd-doped BaTiO₃ show an improvement in the dielectric quality which possess a decreased sensitivity to frequency for both the dielectric constant and dielectric loss. Such improvements are of potential importance for high energy density and low loss.     

低温快速烧结软磁铁氧体材料

研究了Bi₂O₃-V₂O₅系复合添加剂对Ni-Cu-Zn铁氧体的烧结及其磁性能的影响.研究表明,Bi₂O₃-V₂O₅系复合添加剂具有促进晶粒生长的作用,随着添加量的增加,样品断面形貌显示大晶粒增多,X射线衍射分析表明,过多的添加剂引起少量的杂相析出,晶界变宽。然而,适当量的Bi₂O₃-V₂O₅系复合添加剂能使普通Ni-Cu-Zn铁氧体的烧结温度降至875℃以下,烧结时间缩短为30min,烧结样品的磁导率可达195(10MHz)。     

Density variation and piezoelectric properties of Ba(Ti1 − x Sn x )O3 ceramics prepared from nanocrystalline powders

Nanocrystalline powders of tin-doped barium titanate with different concentrations of tin have been synthesized by a combination of solid state reaction and high-energy ball milling. The average particle size of the milled powders as determined from TEM analysis was about 5·96 nm. Analysis of all the milled powders using X-ray diffraction method showed single phase perovskite structure. The density variation of the ceramics with sintering temperature has been studied by sintering the samples at different temperatures. Density variation results show that 1350°C is the optimum sintering temperature for tin-doped barium titanate ceramics. SEM micrographs show high density and increasing trend of grain size with increasing content of Sn. The ferroelectricity decreases with increasing concentration of Sn. The electromechanical coupling coefficient also decreases with increasing Sn content corroborating decreasing trend of ferroelectricity. The bipolar strain curves show piezoelectric properties of the prepared ceramics.     

Preparation and properties of barium titanate glass-ceramics sintered from sol–gel-derived powders

Homogeneous Ba–Ti–B–Si, Ba–Ti–Al–Si and Ba–Ti–B gels have been successfully prepared by the sol–gel process. A novel method is presented for fabricating barium titanate glass-ceramics by sintering the gel powders with small barium titanate crystallites. The structural development, grain size, crystallization process and dielectric properties were systematically studied by differential thermal analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction techniques, scanning electron microscopy and dielectric measurements. The glass-ceramic samples were sintered at lower temperatures compared to the barium titanate ceramic sintering, and showed improved dielectric properties. It was found that the small size effect of the barium titanate grains on the dielectric constant in the glass-ceramics was quite evident. Ferroelectric hysteresis loop analyses were also performed to manifest the ferroelectric nature of the barium titanate grains in situ grown from the gels. This revised version was published online in November 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Defect chemistry of nano-grained barium titanate films

Polycrystalline barium titanate thin films have been prepared with 100 ppm of B-site acceptor dopants Ca, Mg, and Mn via chemical solution deposition on base metal substrates. The films are fired in low pO₂ atmospheres at 900 °C to prevent substrate oxidation. All dopant species produce low loss, space-charge free material without secondary reoxidation anneals. We note that the dopant concentrations required to compensate for oxygen non-stoichiometry are substantially greater than expected by equilibrium thermodynamic calculations. This observation is rationalized in the context of a composite oxygen defect model with differing reduction enthalpies for grain interiors and surfaces.